RESUMO
Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are a rare group of mesenchymal neoplasms that occur predominantly in the gastrointestinal tract. Previously GISTs were classified as smooth muscle tumours referred to as leiomyomas, leiomyosacromas or leiomyoblastomas. However, with the advent of immunohistochemistry, GISTs are now defined by the identification of cKit positivity. This is now used to select patients with metastatic disease who may respond to chemotherapeutic agents such as the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, STI-571. In this pictorial essay we have attemped to describe the range of imaging findings of GISTs that can suggest a pre-biopsy diagnosis.
Assuntos
Diagnóstico por Imagem , Tumores do Estroma Gastrointestinal/diagnóstico , Meios de Contraste , Tumores do Estroma Gastrointestinal/patologia , Tumores do Estroma Gastrointestinal/terapia , HumanosRESUMO
PURPOSE: The morbidity and mortality for pneumonectomy in patients has been reported to be as high as 24%. To determine if a subset of patients undergoing pneumonectomy for a malignancy would have similar complication rates and appearances, we performed a review of the radiographic findings of patients at our institution. METHOD: A retrospective review of a thoracic surgery database was performed at our institution for patients who underwent pneumonectomy between January 2001 and April 2004. All images were reviewed on the institutional patient archive communication system, by two experienced, fellowship trained, thoracic radiologists. RESULTS: There were 144 patients (112 men and 32 women) with a mean age of 52 years (range 21-83 years). Of the 144 patients, thoracic complications were present in 52 (36%) patients consisting of pneumonia in 19 (13%), empyema/pleural space infection in 9 (6%), adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in 8 (6%), bronchopleural fistula in 7 (5%), gortex graft failure/organ herniation in 4 (3%), chylothorax/chyle leak in 2 (1%), pulmonary embolus in 2 (1%), pulmonary hemorrhage in 1 (<1%). CONCLUSION: In oncologic patients, post-pneumonectomy complications occur in over a third of patients and can be life threatening. The presentations are similar to other pneumonectomy patients and are often radiographically detectable. Therefore it is important for radiologist to be aware of the radiographic manifestations of these complications so that appropriate immediate treatment is instituted.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Pulmonares/mortalidade , Pneumonectomia/mortalidade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico por imagem , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/mortalidade , Doenças Torácicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Torácicas/mortalidade , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Comorbidade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Radiografia , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Análise de Sobrevida , Taxa de Sobrevida , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaAssuntos
Apicomplexa/patogenicidade , Carrapatos , Vacinas , Animais , Bovinos , Infecções Protozoárias em AnimaisRESUMO
Leiomyosarcomas are unusual soft-tissue tumours that occur in the retroperitoneum, peripheral soft tissues, gastrointestinal and genito-urinary tracts, vessels and (rarely) in bone. The aim of this pictonal review is to delineate the more specific radiological features that would suggest a radiological diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma prior to biopsy.
Assuntos
Leiomiossarcoma/diagnóstico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias Ósseas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Ósseas/diagnóstico por imagem , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Leiomiossarcoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Leiomiossarcoma/secundário , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Synovial cell sarcoma is an uncommon soft-tissue malignant tumour. These tumours have common radiological features with a variety of both benign and malignant lesions. However, there is a variety of imaging findings that can suggest a pre-biopsy diagnosis of synovial cell sarcoma. This pictorial review aims to describe the imaging features of synovial sarcoma in a series of cases with various age ranges and tumour locations. In addition, the pathology, staging, prognosis and management of synovial sarcoma is briefly discussed.
Assuntos
Sarcoma Sinovial/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/terapia , Neoplasias Cardíacas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cardíacas/terapia , Humanos , Extremidade Inferior , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pericárdio , Prognóstico , Sarcoma Sinovial/diagnóstico por imagem , Sarcoma Sinovial/terapia , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/terapia , Neoplasias Torácicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Torácicas/terapia , Parede Torácica , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Extremidade SuperiorRESUMO
Quenching of phosphorescent platinum(II) and palladium(II) coproporphyrin (MeCP) labelled oligonucleotides was investigated. Strong hybridization-specific quenching was observed in duplex DNA structures with a variety of quenchers and with two identical porphyrin labels when in close proximity. Classical resonance energy transfer mechanism was ruled out, since quenching did not correlate with spectral overlaps and lifetime changes were insignificant. Quenching of MeCP by the free quenchers in solution revealed that porphyrin-porphyrin quenching is predominantly static while other dyes quench dynamically. The results suggest that the quenching in DNA duplex proceeds via direct contact.