Assuntos
Lipídeos/análise , Peróxidos/análise , Ácidos Araquidônicos , Fluoresceínas , Iodo , Ácidos Linoleicos , Salicilatos , Solventes , Espectrofotometria , TiossulfatosRESUMO
This study examined social cognitive and physical health factors that might explain variations in exercise adherence in a 3-month supervised exercise intervention for a group of mildly symptomatic, HIV-1 seropositive men and women. The social cognitive predictor variables were outcome expectations and self-efficacy. The physical health predictor variables included CD4+ cell counts, self-report inventories of physical symptoms, and physicians' examinations. Self-report inventories of physical symptoms were associated with physicians' examinations and combined into a composite measure of physical health. Criterion variables included exercise adherence rates, VO2max change, and status as a 'remainder' versus 'drop-out.' The composite measure of physical health emerged as a significant predictor of adherence rate and gave perfect prediction of remainers and a moderate prediction of dropouts. No significant associations were observed between the social cognitive predictors and adherence. Results suggest that for this population physical health status is a better predictor of exercise adherence than either perceived self-efficacy or outcome expectancy.
RESUMO
In a 2-month survey of 186 children with gastro-enteritis attending an out-patient clinic in Malawi, 42% were infected with rotavirus (HRV), 9% Cryptosporidium, 4.2% adenovirus, 1.2% Astrovirus and 0.6% Norwalk agent and small round featureless viruses. We believe this to be the first report of HRV in Malawi and the first of Astrovirus in Africa. Almost all the HRV infections were in children under 12 months old, 40% were in children under 6 months and 64% of children were being breastfed at presentation. Signs of respiratory tract infection were not unique to HRV gastro-enteritis. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of HRV dsRNA from 25 of the faecal samples revealed that each had the same long electropherotype.
Assuntos
Infecções por Adenoviridae/complicações , Criptosporidiose/complicações , Diarreia/etiologia , Gastroenterite/etiologia , Infecções por Rotavirus/complicações , Instituições de Assistência Ambulatorial , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Malaui , Masculino , Mamastrovirus/isolamento & purificação , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Prospectivos , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeAssuntos
Antropometria/métodos , Diarreia Infantil/diagnóstico , Desnutrição Proteico-Calórica/diagnóstico , Braço/anatomia & histologia , Estatura/etnologia , Peso Corporal/etnologia , Pré-Escolar , Diarreia Infantil/complicações , Diarreia Infantil/etnologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Malaui , Masculino , Desnutrição Proteico-Calórica/complicações , Desnutrição Proteico-Calórica/etnologiaRESUMO
Cryptosporidium accounted for 9 (4.3 percent) of cases of gastroenteritis among 208 children with diarrhea attending an Under Five out-patient clinic at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital; but was not excreted by 96 children without diarrhea. It was second only to rotavirus (41.7 percent of cases) in causing gastroenteritis. Breast feeding apparently did not provide complete protection against cryptosporidiosis. In a prospective survey the safarin methylene blue and flourescent auramine phenol staining techniques had the same sensitivity (85 percent) and specificity (100 percent)