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1.
J Bone Miner Metab ; 34(5): 555-63, 2016 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26224363

RESUMO

The primary objective of the present study was to investigate the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in Korean subjects from the general population aged ≥50 years. This study included 8,857 individuals who completed the baseline survey of the Dong-gu study, which was conducted in Korea from 2007-2010. The participants who fulfilled the detailed inclusion criteria underwent assessment of the femoral neck and lumbar spine aBMD as well as measurement of serum 25(OH)D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. After adjusting for other covariates and log-PTH values, the mean aBMD of the femoral neck exhibited a significant increase with increasing 25(OH)D levels in both males (p < 0.001) and females (p = 0.005). Additionally, the mean aBMD of the lumbar spine exhibited a significant increase with increasing 25(OH)D levels in males (p = 0.011) but not females (p = 0.252). After adjusting for covariates and log-25(OH)D values, the mean aBMD values of the femoral neck and lumbar spine showed significant decreases with increasing PTH levels in both males and females (p < 0.001). The present findings demonstrate that the aBMD of the femoral neck was significantly associated with 25(OH)D levels independent of PTH in both males and females and that the aBMD of the lumbar spine was significantly associated with 25(OH)D levels independent of PTH in males, but not females.


Assuntos
Densidade Óssea , Vitamina D/análogos & derivados , Idoso , Feminino , Colo do Fêmur/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Vértebras Lombares/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hormônio Paratireóideo/sangue , Estudos Prospectivos , República da Coreia , Vitamina D/sangue
2.
BMC Public Health ; 15: 39, 2015 Jan 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25636365

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Some previous studies have suggested that area-level characteristics have effects on smoking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between household income and area income on smoking in Korean adults. METHODS: This study was based on the Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS) performed in South Korea, between September and November 2009. In total, 222,242 subjects (103,124 men and 119,118 women) were included in the analysis. Information on smoking status was collected using a standardized questionnaire. Income status was determined by monthly household income. Household income was categorized as: <1 million won; <2 million won; <3 million won; and ≥3 million won. Area-level income categorized as quartiles. Data were analyzed using multilevel regression models. The analysis was conducted separately urban and rural, by sex. RESULTS: The lowest household income group had a higher risk of smoking than the highest household income group in both urban and rural areas for both men and women after adjusting for individual characteristics (urban men: odds ration [OR], 1.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.36-1.53; rural men: OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.25-1.42; urban women: OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 2.06-2.76; rural women: OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.25-1.83). In men, the lowest area-level income group had a higher risk for smoking than the highest area-level income group in urban areas after adjusting for individual characteristics and household income (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.02-1.33). In women, the lowest area-level income group had a lower risk for smoking than the highest area-level income group in rural areas after adjusting for individual characteristics and household income (OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.39-0.70). However, no association was observed between area-level income and smoking in rural areas for men or in urban areas for women. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that smoking is strongly associated with household income status in both men and women, and area-level income is partly associated with smoking. Effects of area-level income on smoking differed by sex and region. These findings suggest that area characteristics have contextual effects on health related behavior independent of individual characteristics.


Assuntos
Renda/estatística & dados numéricos , Características de Residência/estatística & dados numéricos , Fumar/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Povo Asiático , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Distribuição por Sexo , Fatores Socioeconômicos
3.
J Korean Med Sci ; 30(1): 117, 2015 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25547180

RESUMO

[This corrects the article on p. 1482 in vol. 29, PMID: 25408578.].

4.
J Korean Med Sci ; 30(7): 860-5, 2015 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26130946

RESUMO

We evaluated the association of the APOE polymorphism with serum C-reactive protein levels and white blood cell count in two large population-based studies in Korean. The datasets included the Dong-gu study (n = 8,893) and the Namwon Study (n = 10,032). APOE genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship of APOE genotypes with C-reactive protein levels and white blood cell count with adjustments for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and serum lipids. In the multivariate model, carriers of E3E4 or E4E4 genotype had significantly lower C-reactive protein levels compared with carriers of E3E3 genotype group (0.50 mg/L vs. 0.67 mg/L; 0.37 mg/L vs. 0.67 mg/L, respectively, for the Dong-gu Study and 0.47 mg/L vs. 0.66 mg/L; 0.45 mg/L vs. 0.66 mg/L, respectively, for the Namwon Study). However, there was no difference in white blood cell count among APOE genotypes. We found that the APOE E4 allele is associated with lower C-reactive protein levels, but not white blood cell count. Our results suggest that APOE genotype may influence C-reactive protein levels through non-inflammatory pathway.


Assuntos
Apolipoproteínas E/genética , Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , Inflamação/sangue , Idoso , Feminino , Estudos de Associação Genética , Genótipo , Humanos , Inflamação/imunologia , Contagem de Leucócitos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Estudos Prospectivos , República da Coreia
5.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord ; 15: 326, 2014 Oct 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25274071

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Large waist circumference is linked to poor health. Investigations of the relationship between waist circumference, as an index of abdominal fat, and bone mineral density (BMD) have yielded inconsistent results. We investigated the association between abdominal obesity measured using waist circumference and BMD in a large-scale population-based study. METHODS: We enrolled 8981 Korean (3592 males and 5389 females) community-dwelling individuals aged ≥50 years from 2007 to 2010. BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at lumbar spine and femoral neck skeletal sites. A multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between waist circumference quartiles and BMD after adjusting for age, height, weight, and regular exercise. RESULTS: The adjustment for age, height, weight, and regular exercise revealed a negative linear association between quartile of waist circumference and BMD at the femoral neck and lumbar spine sites in males and females. Waist circumference was more strongly correlated with BMD in males than in females. Although the correlations were slightly attenuated following further adjustment for percent body fat, they remained statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Our results revealed that waist circumference is independently and inversely associated with BMD after adjusting for age, weight, height, regular exercise and percent body fat, suggesting that waist circumference is a potential predictor of osteoporosis in middle-aged and older Korean males and females.


Assuntos
Índice de Massa Corporal , Densidade Óssea/fisiologia , Obesidade Abdominal/diagnóstico , Obesidade Abdominal/epidemiologia , Caracteres Sexuais , Circunferência da Cintura/fisiologia , Idoso , Peso Corporal/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vigilância da População/métodos , Estudos Prospectivos , República da Coreia/epidemiologia
6.
J Korean Med Sci ; 29(11): 1482-7, 2014 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25408578

RESUMO

Falls are a major health problem for elderly populations worldwide. We analyzed data from the 2011 Korean Community Health Survey to identify potential risk factors for falls in a representative population-based sample of community-dwelling older Korean adults. Risk factors for falls were assessed by multivariate survey logistic regression models. The prevalence of falls was 16.9% in males and 24.3% in females [Corrected]. Age and female sex were associated with a higher risk of falls. Similarly, living alone, living in an urban area, poor self-rated health, and high stress were associated with a high risk of falls. Subjects with diabetes mellitus, stroke, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, urinary incontinence, cataracts, or depression had a high risk of falls. However, subjects with hypertension were at low risk for falls. In conclusion, age, female sex, marital status, residence location, self-rated health, stress, and several chronic conditions were significantly associated with the risk for falls in the older Korean adults. Our findings suggest that these risk factors should be addressed in public health policies for preventing falls.


Assuntos
Acidentes por Quedas/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Coleta de Dados , Feminino , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Estado Civil , Razão de Chances , República da Coreia , Características de Residência , Fatores de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Fatores Sexuais , Estresse Psicológico
7.
J Korean Med Sci ; 29(1): 149-52, 2014 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24431921

RESUMO

Vitamin D plays an important role in bone metabolism and maintaining bone health. Recently, new evidence has revealed that vitamin D affects chronic diseases such as autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases and certain cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the vitamin D status and the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in an urban Korean population. This study included 8,976 participants (3,587 men and 5,389 women) aged 50 yr and older. Serum 25(OH)D level was measured by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL] was 59.7% and 86.5% in men and women, respectively. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency increased significantly with age in men, but not in women and it decreased from April to July, more prominently in men than in women. These results suggest that sun exposure, intake of vitamin D supplement, and regular physical activities is recommended in an urban Koreans, especially in women.


Assuntos
Deficiência de Vitamina D/epidemiologia , Vitamina D/sangue , Idoso , Envelhecimento , Osso e Ossos/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Deficiência de Vitamina D/sangue
8.
J Korean Med Sci ; 29(4): 536-43, 2014 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24753701

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the clinical outcomes were associated with socioeconomic status (SES) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The author analyzed 2,358 patients (64.9 ± 12.3 yr old, 71.5% male) hospitalized with AMI between November 2005 and June 2010. SES was measured by the self-reported education (years of schooling), the residential address (social deprivation index), and the national health insurance status (medical aid beneficiaries). Sequential multivariable modeling assessed the relationship of SES factors with 3-yr major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and mortality after the adjustment for demographic and clinical factors. During the 3-yr follow-up, 630 (26.7%) MACEs and 322 (13.7%) all-cause deaths occurred in 2,358 patients. In multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression modeling, the only lower education of SES variables was associated with MACEs (hazard ratio [HR], 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.91) and mortality (HR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.16-3.20) in the patients with AMI who underwent PCI. The study results indicate that the lower education is a significant associated factor to increased poor clinical outcomes in patients with AMI who underwent PCI.


Assuntos
Angioplastia Coronária com Balão , Infarto do Miocárdio/terapia , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea , Doença Aguda , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Estudos de Coortes , Demografia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infarto do Miocárdio/economia , Infarto do Miocárdio/mortalidade , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Classe Social , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Resultado do Tratamento
9.
Kidney Blood Press Res ; 37(2-3): 132-41, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23615166

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Kidney dysfunction and albuminuria may be associated with BMD. However, little evidence has been reported on relationships between BMD and eGFR and albuminuria. METHODS: A total of 8,992 subjects aged 50 years or older participated in a survey conducted. Participants had their lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD measured by a Lunar Prodigy bone densitometer (GE, Madison, WI). Kidney function was assessed using MDRD eGFR and diagnosis of albuminuria was based on albumin-creatinine ratio. RESULTS: ACR was negatively associated with lumbar spine and femur neck BMD in females (lumbar spine: 1.001, 0.988, 0.974 and 0.979 g/cm(2), p < 0.001; femur neck: 0.796, 0.790, 0.783 and 0.782 g/cm(2), p = 0.002), but not in males, after adjusting for covariates. Additionally, eGFR was shown to be negatively associated with lumbar spine BMD after adjusting for covariates (male: 1.181, 1.166, 1.152 and 1.149 g/cm(2), p = 0.001; female: 0.997, 0.980, 0.979 and 0.982 g/cm(2), p = 0.005), but demonstrated no association with femur BMD. CONCLUSIONS: ACR in females was negatively associated with lumbar spine and femur neck BMD, but not in males. eGFR was negatively associated with lumbar spine BMD in both males and females.


Assuntos
Albuminúria/patologia , Densidade Óssea/fisiologia , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular/fisiologia , Idoso , Albuminúria/fisiopatologia , Creatinina/sangue , Feminino , Colo do Fêmur/patologia , Humanos , Testes de Função Renal , Vértebras Lombares/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , República da Coreia , Caracteres Sexuais
10.
J Epidemiol ; 23(2): 122-31, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23358208

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Controversial results have been reported on the relationship between alcohol intake and metabolic syndrome (MetS). We examined the association of average volume of alcohol consumed and drinking patterns with MetS and its components. METHODS: This study was conducted as a baseline survey for the Dong-gu Study of adults aged 50 years or older. Drinking patterns were assessed using a structured interview, and average volume of alcohol consumed was calculated. MetS was defined according to the updated version of the National Cholesterol Education Program. RESULTS: Compared with individuals who never drank, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for the prevalence of MetS was significantly higher in men who consumed 2.1 to 4.0 drinks/day (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.17-2.00) and greater than 4.0 drinks/day (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.23-2.14), whereas no significant association was observed in women. Significant dose-response relationships between average volume of alcohol consumed and all metabolic components were observed in men. A usual quantity of 5 to 6 drinks/drinking day (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.19-2.09), 7 or more drinks/drinking day (OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.45-2.44), and binge drinking on at least 1 occasion/week (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.01-1.76) were associated with a significantly higher OR for prevalence of MetS in men; however, none of these drinking patterns were associated with MetS in women. CONCLUSIONS: Unhealthy drinking patterns such as high usual quantity and binge drinking were significantly associated with MetS, suggesting that the effect of alcohol consumption on MetS should be considered in the context of drinking pattern, particularly in men.


Assuntos
Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/psicologia , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco
11.
J Korean Med Sci ; 28(6): 965-8, 2013 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23772168

RESUMO

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and bone mineral density (BMD). Two large cohort studies were performed: the Dong-gu Study (3,621 men and 5,409 women) and the Namwon Study (3,703 men and 5,672 women). We assessed lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Genotypes were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between MTHFR C677T and BMD, adjusting for age, weight and height. The MTHFR C677T genotype frequencies for CC, CT, and TT genotypes were 34.5, 48.7, and 16.8%, respectively, in the Dong-gu Study and 33.6, 49.2, and 17.2%, respectively, in the Namwon Study. There are no significant differences between the MTHFR C677T genotype and the BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck in men or women in both cohorts.


Assuntos
Densidade Óssea , Metilenotetra-Hidrofolato Redutase (NADPH2)/genética , Absorciometria de Fóton , Idoso , Alelos , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Colo do Fêmur/diagnóstico por imagem , Frequência do Gene , Genótipo , Humanos , Vértebras Lombares/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único
12.
Vasa ; 42(4): 284-91, 2013 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23823860

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: To investigate the association between ankle-brachial index (ABI), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in a general population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study population consisted of 8,246 people aged 50 years and older who participated in the baseline survey of the Dong-gu Study conducted in Korea between 2007 and 2010. Trained research technicians measured LV mass using mode M ultrasound echocardiography and ABI using an oscillometric method. RESULTS: After adjustment for risk factors and common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT) and the number of plaques, higher ABIs (1.10 1.19, 1.20 - 1.29, and ≥ 1.30) were significantly and linearly associated with high LVMI (1.10 - 1.19 ABI: ß, 3.33; 95 % CI, 1.72 - 4.93; 1.20 - 1.29 ABI: ß, 6.51; 95 % CI, 4.02 - 9.00; ≥ 1.30 ABI: ß, 14.83; 95 % CI, 6.18 - 23.48). An ABI of 1.10 - 1.19 and 1.20 - 1.29 ABI was significantly associated with LVH (1.10 - 1.19 ABI: OR, 1.35; 95 % CI, 1.19 - 1.53; 1.20 - 1.29 ABI: OR, 1.59; 95 % CI, 1.31 - 1.92) and ABI ≥ 1.30 was marginally associated with LVH (OR, 1.73; 95 % CI, 0.93 - 3.22, p = 0.078). CONCLUSIONS: After adjustment for other cardiovascular variables and CCA-IMT and the number of plaques, higher ABIs are associated with LVH and LVMI in Koreans aged 50 years and older.


Assuntos
Índice Tornozelo-Braço , Artérias Carótidas/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/diagnóstico , Ventrículos do Coração/diagnóstico por imagem , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/diagnóstico , Idoso , Análise de Variância , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/epidemiologia , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/fisiopatologia , Espessura Intima-Media Carotídea , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/diagnóstico por imagem , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/epidemiologia , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/fisiopatologia , Modelos Lineares , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Razão de Chances , Placa Aterosclerótica , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Prevalência , República da Coreia/epidemiologia
13.
Circ J ; 76(8): 2041-7, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22664416

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: While prior epidemiological studies have examined the association between cigarette smoking and carotid atherosclerosis, few studies have evaluated the association of both cumulative smoking exposure and the duration of smoking cessation with carotid artery structure. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study population consisted of 2,503 community-dwelling Korean males aged 50 years and older. Common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT), carotid plaque, and the internal diameter of the common carotid artery (CCA-diameter) were determined by high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography. Data on the characteristics of the subjects, including smoking status, pack-years of smoking, and years since quitting smoking, were collected using a standardized questionnaire. The current smokers had significantly greater CCA-IMT and CCA-diameter and a significantly higher risk of carotid plaque than did the subjects who had never smoked (P=0.009, <0.001, and 0.036, respectively). Dose-response relationships between pack-years and CCA-IMT and CCA-diameter were found among the current smokers (P=0.001 and <0.001, respectively); however, no significant association between pack-years and the carotid artery parameters was observed among the former smokers. For the former smokers, CCA-IMT and CCA-diameter tended to decrease with increasing years since quitting smoking (P=0.009 and 0.012, respectively), whereas no significant association with carotid plaque was found. CONCLUSIONS: Cumulative smoking exposure in current smokers and the duration of smoking cessation in former smokers are significant risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis.


Assuntos
Aterosclerose/patologia , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/patologia , Artéria Carótida Primitiva/patologia , Espessura Intima-Media Carotídea , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar , Fumar/patologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Aterosclerose/etiologia , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fumar/efeitos adversos
14.
Kidney Blood Press Res ; 36(1): 290-300, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23235108

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: We examined whether low-grade albuminuria, below the conventional cut-off value for microalbuminuria, was associated with atherosclerotic vascular diseases in 8897 community-dwelling Koreans aged ≥50 years. METHODS: The urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) was calculated using random spot urine. Common carotid artery (CCA) intimamedia thickness (IMT) and CCA internal diameter were measured using high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography, and carotid plaque was evaluated. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (BaPWV) and the ankle-brachial index (ABI) were examined, and peripheral arterial disease was defined as ABI <0.9. RESULTS: Youden's indices, predicting abnormal atherosclerotic conditions, were greatest at a UACR cut-off value of ∼15 mg/g, below the threshold conventionally used to define microalbuminuria. Compared with low normoalbuminuria (UACR <15.0 mg/g), CCA IMT, CCA diameter, and BaPWV were significantly greater in individuals with high normoalbuminuria (UACR 15.0-29.9 mg/g), who also had a significantly higher risk of carotid plaque than did those with low normoalbuminuria. CONCLUSIONS: Subclinical atherosclerotic vascular diseases developed at lower UACRs, below the conventional classification of microalbuminuria. Further longitudinal studies are needed to investigate the relationship between microalbuminuria and the development of subclinical atherosclerosis.


Assuntos
Albuminas/metabolismo , Albuminúria/classificação , Albuminúria/urina , Aterosclerose/diagnóstico , Creatinina/urina , Idoso , Albuminúria/complicações , Índice Tornozelo-Braço , Aterosclerose/epidemiologia , Aterosclerose/fisiopatologia , Artérias Carótidas/diagnóstico por imagem , Artérias Carótidas/fisiopatologia , Espessura Intima-Media Carotídea , Feminino , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Análise de Onda de Pulso , Padrões de Referência , República da Coreia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco
15.
BMC Public Health ; 12: 135, 2012 Feb 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22340138

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Self-rated health (SRH) has been reported as a predictor of mortality in previous studies. This study aimed to examine whether SRH is independently associated with hypertension and if there is a gender difference in this association. METHODS: 16,956 community dwelling adults aged 20 and over within a defined geographic area participated in this study. Data on SRH, socio-demographic factors (age, gender, marital status, education) and health behaviors (smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity) were collected. Body mass index and blood pressure were measured. Logistic regression models were used to determine a relationship between SRH and hypertension. RESULTS: 32.5% of the participants were found to have hypertension. Women were more likely than men to rate their SRH as poor (p < 0.001), and the older age groups rated their SRH more negatively in both men and women (p < 0.001). While the multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR, 95% CI) of participants rating their SRH as very poor for hypertension in men was OR 1.70 (1.13-2.58), that in women was OR 2.83 (1.80-4.44). Interaction between SRH and gender was significant (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: SRH was independently associated with hypertension in a Korean adult population. This association was modified by gender.


Assuntos
Nível de Saúde , Hipertensão/diagnóstico , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Autorrelato , Índice de Massa Corporal , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Fatores Sexuais
16.
BMC Public Health ; 12: 724, 2012 Aug 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22938088

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Many previous studies did not sufficiently control for several confounding factors that may affect the association between smoking and depression, such as socioeconomic status. We investigated the association between depression and smoking status, smoking exposure, duration of smoking cessation, and age of starting smoking while controlling for socioeconomic factors. METHODS: This study was based on a community health survey performed in Jeollanam-do, South Korea, between September and November 2009. In total, 20,084 subjects (9,118 males and 10,966 females) were included in the analysis. Information on smoking characteristics, such as smoking status, pack-years of smoking, and age of starting smoking, was collected using a standardized questionnaire. Depression was defined using the Korean CES-D score. RESULTS: The odds ratios (ORs) of depression were 1.35 (0.92-1.98) for former smokers and 1.77 (1.27-2.48) for current-smokers among males, and 2.67 (1.38-5.16) for former smokers and 3.72 (2.11-6.54) for current-smokers among females, after adjusting for other confounding factors. Compared to light smoking, heavy smoking was significantly associated with depression in males [OR = 3.97, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.42-11.14], but not in females (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 0.73-2.09). No significant associations between depression and age of starting smoking and duration of smoking cessation were observed among former smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate that smoking is strongly associated with depression, particularly among females. These findings suggest that depression prevention may need to be combined with smoking prevention and that different strategies may be needed for males and females.


Assuntos
Depressão/epidemiologia , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar/estatística & dados numéricos , Fumar/epidemiologia , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Fatores de Tempo , Adulto Jovem
17.
J Korean Med Sci ; 27(10): 1196-201, 2012 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23091317

RESUMO

Recent studies have shown that bilirubin is negatively associated with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in the general population. The association between bilirubin and HbA1c in serum of diabetes patients has not yet been studied. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between total bilirubin and HbA1c in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes. A total of 690 of the 1,275 type 2 diabetes patients registered with the public health centers in Seo-gu, Gwangju and Gokseong-gun, Jeollanam-do participated in this study. Following an overnight fast, venous blood and urine samples were collected and analyzed. The mean HbA1c values differed significantly according to total bilirubin (≤ 0.4 mg/dL, 7.6%; 0.5 mg/dL, 7.3%; 0.6-0.7 mg/dL, 7.2%; and ≥ 0.8 mg/dL, 7.1%; P for trend = 0.016) after we adjusted for other confounding factors. When the odds ratio (OR) was adjusted for other confounding factors, there was a significant association between total bilirubin and HbA1c (OR, 0.4 [95% confidence interval, 0.2-0.8] for total bilirubin ≥ 0.8 mg/dL versus ≤ 0.4 mg/dL. In conclusion, total bilirubin concentrations in serum are negatively associated with HbA1c levels after adjustment for sex, age, and other confounding factors in type 2 diabetes patients.


Assuntos
Bilirrubina/análise , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangue , Hemoglobinas Glicadas/análise , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Povo Asiático , Bilirrubina/sangue , Bilirrubina/urina , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/diagnóstico , Feminino , Hemoglobinas Glicadas/urina , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Razão de Chances , República da Coreia , Fatores de Risco
18.
BMC Public Health ; 11: 94, 2011 Feb 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21310081

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: We investigated the association of cumulative smoking exposure and duration of smoking cessation with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). METHODS: The study population consisted of 2517 community-dwelling Korean men aged 50 years and older. Information on smoking characteristics such as smoking status, pack-years of smoking, and years since quitting smoking was collected using a standardized questionnaire. PAD was defined as an ankle-brachial index (ABI) less than 0.90 in either leg. RESULTS: The odds ratio (OR, 95% confidence interval) of PAD was 2.31 (1.20-4.42) for former smokers and 4.30 (2.13-8.66) for current smokers, after adjusting for other cardiovascular risk factors. There was a significant dose-response relationship between pack-years of smoking and PAD. Compared with those who had never smoked, the multivariate-adjusted ORs of PAD for smokers of 0.1-20.0, 20.1-40.0, and >40.0 pack-years were 2.15 (1.06-4.38), 2.24 (1.08-4.65), and 2.93 (1.41-6.09), respectively. There was a significant decrease in PAD risk as the years since quitting smoking increased. The multivariate-adjusted ORs of PAD for 11-20 and ≥ 21 years smoking cessation were 0.41 (0.19-0.86) and 0.49 (0.24-0.98), compared with current smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Cumulative smoking exposure and duration of smoking cessation were significantly associated with PAD in middle aged and older Korean men.


Assuntos
Doença Arterial Periférica/epidemiologia , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar/estatística & dados numéricos , Fumar/epidemiologia , Idoso , Índice Tornozelo-Braço , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Razão de Chances , Doença Arterial Periférica/diagnóstico , Doença Arterial Periférica/etiologia , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Fumar/efeitos adversos
19.
Circ J ; 74(3): 560-6, 2010 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20103972

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Few studies have reported on the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and carotid artery structure. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between MetS and carotid artery parameters such as the common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT), plaques, and the diameter of the common carotid artery (CCAd). METHODS AND RESULTS: The study population consisted of 1.730 community-dwelling Koreans aged 50 years and older without hypertension, diabetes mellitus or dyslipidemia. MetS was defined according to the modified National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. The risk for abnormal CCA-IMT (>or=1.00 mm) was significant in women with MetS (odds ratio (OR) 2.22; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14-4.31), but not in men with MetS (OR 1.06; 95%CI 0.39-2.91). No significant relationship between MetS and carotid plaques was observed in either sex. The relationship between MetS and high CCAd (highest quintile) was significant in both men (OR 2.19; 95%CI 1.38-3.49) and women (OR 2.02; 95%CI 1.39-2.94). CONCLUSIONS: MetS independently correlates with carotid atherosclerosis and carotid enlargement. The effect of MetS on carotid atherosclerosis is more pronounced in women than in men.


Assuntos
Artéria Carótida Primitiva/diagnóstico por imagem , Estenose das Carótidas/diagnóstico por imagem , Estenose das Carótidas/epidemiologia , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Razão de Chances , Prevalência , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Distribuição por Sexo , Túnica Íntima/diagnóstico por imagem , Túnica Média/diagnóstico por imagem , Ultrassonografia
20.
Kidney Blood Press Res ; 33(2): 111-8, 2010.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20431302

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the association between albuminuria, carotid atherosclerosis, arterial stiffness, and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in Korean type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: In total, 673 type 2 diabetic patients registered with the public health center participated. Following an overnight fast, venous blood and urine samples were collected and analyzed. The carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), amount of carotid plaque, brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and the ankle-brachial index of each patient were also assessed. RESULTS: Albuminuria was significantly associated with PAD (odds ratio (OR) 2.33; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28-4.25 for normoalbuminuria vs. microalbuminuria and OR 3.28; 95% CI 1.40-7.66 for normoalbuminuria vs. macroalbuminuria), but not with carotid plaque. The mean baPWV differed significantly according to the level of albumin relative to the creatinine ratio (1,764.79, 1,778.98, and 2,001.33, respectively; p < 0.001), while no significant difference was observed in the mean IMT value (0.73, 0.74, and 0.72, respectively; p = 0.399). CONCLUSIONS: Albuminuria was significantly associated with baPWV and PAD, but not with carotid plaque or CCA-IMT, in Korean type 2 diabetic patients.


Assuntos
Albuminúria/complicações , Albuminúria/fisiopatologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/patologia , Idoso , Artérias/fisiopatologia , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/etiologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Coreia (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Vasculares Periféricas/etiologia , Resistência Vascular
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