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1.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 29(1): 145-148, 2023 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36573733

RESUMO

In July 2019, Bourbon virus RNA was detected in an Amblyomma americanum tick removed from a resident of Long Island, New York, USA. Tick infection and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) serosurvey results demonstrate active transmission in New York, especially Suffolk County, emphasizing a need for surveillance anywhere A. americanum ticks are reported.


Assuntos
Cervos , Carrapatos , Animais , New York/epidemiologia , Vetores Aracnídeos
2.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 27(12): 3193-3195, 2021 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34808077

RESUMO

During 2013-2019, Borrelia miyamotoi infection was detected in 19 US states. Infection rate was 0.5%-3.2%; of B. miyamotoi-positive ticks, 59.09% had concurrent infections. B. miyamotoi is homogeneous with 1 genotype from Ixodes scapularis ticks in northeastern and midwestern states and 1 from I. pacificus in western states.


Assuntos
Infecções por Borrelia , Borrelia , Ixodes , Animais , Borrelia/genética , Infecções por Borrelia/epidemiologia , Humanos , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia
3.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 27(12): 3128-3132, 2021 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34648421

RESUMO

During 2018, Heartland virus RNA was detected in an Amblyomma americanum tick removed from a resident of Suffolk County, New York, USA. The person showed seroconversion. Tick surveillance and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) serosurveys showed widespread distribution in Suffolk County, emphasizing a need for disease surveillance anywhere A. americanum ticks are established or emerging.


Assuntos
Cervos , Phlebovirus , Carrapatos , Animais , Humanos , New York/epidemiologia
4.
Methods Mol Biol ; 2683: 21-37, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37300764

RESUMO

The study of neurological disorders requires experimentation on human neurons throughout their development. Primary neurons can be difficult to obtain, and animal models may not fully recapitulate phenotypes observed in human neurons. Human neuronal culturing schemes which contain a balanced mixture of excitatory and inhibitory neurons that resemble physiological ratios seen in vivo will be useful to probe the neurological basis of excitation-inhibition (E-I) balance. Here, we describe a method for directly inducing a homogenous population of cortical excitatory neurons and cortical interneurons from human pluripotent stem cells, as well as the generation of mixed cultures using these induced neurons. The obtained cells display robust neuronal synchronous network activity as well as complex morphologies that are amenable to studies probing the molecular and cellular basis of disease mutations or other aspects of neuronal and synaptic development.


Assuntos
Neurônios GABAérgicos , Células-Tronco Pluripotentes , Animais , Humanos , Técnicas de Cocultura , Células Cultivadas , Interneurônios
5.
Methods Mol Biol ; 2683: 235-245, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37300780

RESUMO

Synchronous firing of neurons, often referred to as "network activity" or "network bursting," is an indication of a mature and synaptically connected network of neurons. We previously reported this phenomenon in 2D human neuronal in vitro models (McSweeney et al. iScience 25:105187, 2022). Using induced neurons (iNs) differentiated from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) coupled with high-density microelectrodes arrays (HD-MEAs), we probed the underlying patterns of neuronal activity and found irregularities in network signaling across mutant states (McSweeney et al. iScience 25:105187, 2022). Here, we describe methods for plating cortical excitatory iNs differentiated from hPSCs on top of HD-MEAs and culturing iNs to maturity, examples of representative human wild-type Ngn2-iN data, and troubleshooting tips and tricks for the experimenter interested in integrating HD-MEAs into one's research approach.


Assuntos
Neurônios , Células-Tronco Pluripotentes , Humanos , Neurônios/fisiologia , Células Cultivadas , Diferenciação Celular , Microeletrodos , Rede Nervosa/fisiologia
6.
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis ; 23(6): 311-315, 2023 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37126383

RESUMO

In 2011, Ehrlichia muris eauclairensis (EME) was described as a human pathogen spread by the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis. Until very recently, its reported distribution was limited to the upper midwestern United States, mainly in Minnesota and Wisconsin. In this study, we report the detection of EME DNA in 4 of 16,146 human biting I. scapularis ticks submitted from Massachusetts to a passive tick surveillance program. Active tick surveillance yielded evidence of EME local transmission in the northeastern United States through detection of EME DNA in 2 of 461 host-seeking I. scapularis nymphs, and in 2 white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) of 491 rodent samples collected in the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) Harvard Forest site in Massachusetts.


Assuntos
Ixodes , Animais , Humanos , Peromyscus , Ehrlichia/genética , Massachusetts/epidemiologia , Roedores
7.
J Med Entomol ; 59(4): 1484-1487, 2022 07 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35640022

RESUMO

Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann, a vector of various pathogens with medical and veterinary importance, is a recent invasive species in the United States. Like many tick species, discerning H. longicornis from congeners can be a challenge. To overcome the difficulty of morphological identification, a Taqman quantitative real-time PCR based on the internal transcribed spacer gene (ITS2) was developed for quick and accurate identification of H. longicornis with a detection limit of as low as 19.8 copies. We also applied the assay to 76,004 archived ticks and found 37 ticks were H. longicornis. One H. longicornis was submitted from Warren, Somerset County, New Jersey in June 2015, 2 yr earlier than the initial report from the United States. None of these 37 H. longicornis was positive for Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, B. miyamotoi, B. mayonii, Babesia microti, or Ehrlichia muris-like agent.


Assuntos
Anaplasma phagocytophilum , Borrelia , Ixodidae , Carrapatos , Anaplasma phagocytophilum/genética , Animais , Ixodidae/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real
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