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1.
Gastrointest Endosc ; 97(3): 537-543.e2, 2023 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36228700

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Performing a high-quality colonoscopy is critical for optimizing the adenoma detection rate (ADR). Colonoscopy withdrawal time (a surrogate measure) of ≥6 minutes is recommended; however, a threshold of a high-quality withdrawal and its impact on ADR are not known. METHODS: We examined withdrawal time (excluding polyp resection and bowel cleaning time) of subjects undergoing screening and/or surveillance colonoscopy in a prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial. We examined the relationship of withdrawal time in 1-minute increments on ADR and reported odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals. Linear regression analysis was performed to assess the maximal inspection time threshold that impacts the ADR. RESULTS: A total of 1142 subjects (age, 62.3 ± 8.9 years; 80.5% men) underwent screening (45.9%) or surveillance (53.6%) colonoscopy. The screening group had a median withdrawal time of 9.0 minutes (interquartile range [IQR], 3.3) with an ADR of 49.6%, whereas the surveillance group had a median withdrawal time of 9.3 minutes (IQR, 4.3) with an ADR of 63.9%. ADR correspondingly increased for a withdrawal time of 6 minutes to 13 minutes, beyond which ADR did not increase (50.4% vs 76.6%, P < .01). For every 1-minute increase in withdrawal time, there was 6% higher odds of detecting an additional subject with an adenoma (OR, 1.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.10; P = .004). CONCLUSIONS: Results from this multicenter, randomized controlled trial underscore the importance of a high-quality examination and efforts required to achieve this with an incremental yield in ADR based on withdrawal time. (Clinical trial registration number: NCT03952611.).


Assuntos
Adenoma , Pólipos do Colo , Neoplasias Colorretais , Masculino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Feminino , Estudos Prospectivos , Neoplasias Colorretais/diagnóstico , Fatores de Tempo , Adenoma/diagnóstico , Colonoscopia/métodos , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Pólipos do Colo/diagnóstico
2.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 20(9): 2023-2031.e6, 2022 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34979245

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Mucosal exposure devices including distal attachments such as the cuff and cap have shown variable results in improving adenoma detection rate (ADR) compared with high-definition white light colonoscopy (HDWLE). METHODS: We performed a prospective, multicenter randomized controlled trial in patients undergoing screening or surveillance colonoscopy comparing HDWLE to 2 different types of distal attachments: cuff (CF) (Endocuff Vision) or cap (CP) (Reveal). The primary outcome was ADR. Secondary outcomes included adenomas per colonoscopy, advanced adenoma and sessile serrated lesion detection rate, right-sided ADR, withdrawal time, and adverse events. Continuous variables were compared using Student's t test and categorical variables were compared using chi-square or Fisher's exact test using statistical software Stata version16. A P value <.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: A total of 1203 subjects were randomized to either HDWLE (n = 384; mean 62 years of age; 81.3% males), CF (n = 379; mean 62.7 years of age; 79.9% males) or CP (n = 379; mean age 62.1 years of age; 80.5% males). No significant differences were found among 3 groups for ADR (57.3%, 59.1%, and 55.7%; P = .6), adenomas per colonoscopy (1.4 ± 1.9, 1.6 ± 2.4, and 1.4 ± 2; P = .3), advanced adenoma (7.6%, 9.2%, and 8.2%; P = .7), sessile serrated lesion (6.8%, 6.3%, and 5.5%; P = .8), or right ADR (48.2%, 49.3%, and 46.2%; P = .7). The number of polyps per colonoscopy were significantly higher in the CF group compared with HDWLE and CP group (2.7 ± 3.4, 2.3 ± 2.5, and 2.2 ± 2.3; P = .013). In a multivariable model, after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, withdrawal time, and Boston Bowel Preparation Scale score, there was no impact of device type on the primary outcome of ADR (P = .77). In screening patients, CF resulted in more neoplasms per colonoscopy (CF: 1.7 ± 2.6, HDWLE: 1.3 ± 1.7, and CP: 1.2 ± 1.8; P = .047) with a shorter withdrawal time. CONCLUSIONS: Results from this multicenter randomized controlled trial do not show any significant benefit of using either distal attachment devices (CF or CP) over HDWLE, at least in high-detector endoscopists. The Endocuff may have an advantage in the screening population. (ClinicalTrials.gov, Number: NCT03952611).


Assuntos
Adenoma , Pólipos do Colo , Neoplasias Colorretais , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Colonoscopia , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Programas de Rastreamento , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos
3.
Dig Dis Sci ; 67(12): 5617-5627, 2022 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35322314

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Approximately two-thirds of adults are genetically predisposed to decreased lactase activity after weaning, putting them at risk of lactose intolerance. However, symptoms are a poor marker of lactose maldigestion. AIMS: We assessed association between self-reported lactose intolerance and intestinal lactase, lactose intake, and the small intestinal microbiome. METHODS: Patients 18-75 years presenting for upper endoscopy were recruited prospectively. Observational study participants completed a lactose intolerance symptom questionnaire and reported lactose intake. Post-bulbar biopsies were obtained to measure lactase activity and assess the small intestinal mucosal microbiome. We compared intestinal lactase between patients with and without lactose intolerance. We assessed associations between lactose intolerance symptoms and lactase and lactose intake. We examined associations of small bowel microbial composition with self-reported lactose intolerance and symptoms. RESULTS: Among 34 patients, 23 (68%) reported lactose intolerance. Those with lactose intolerance had higher total symptom scores, more frequent bowel urgency, and more bowel movements after consuming dairy. The proportion of individuals with abnormal lactase activity did not differ by lactose intolerance status. Median lactase levels were correlated with total lactose intolerance symptom scores (p = 0.038) and frequency of bowel urgency (p = 0.012). Daily lactose intake did not differ between groups. In 19 patients, we observed significant associations of small intestinal microbiome beta diversity with stool consistency after consuming dairy (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Intestinal lactase is associated with lactose intolerance symptoms and bowel urgency in adults but does not distinguish the clinical phenotype entirely. Studying other contributing factors (microbiota, diet) may further clarify the pathophysiology of lactose intolerance.


Assuntos
Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Intolerância à Lactose , Humanos , Intolerância à Lactose/diagnóstico , Lactase/genética , Lactose , Intestinos
4.
Gastrointest Endosc ; 91(1): 115-120, 2020 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31299257

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Devices for flattening colon folds can improve polyp detection at colonoscopy. However, there are few data on the endoscopic ring-fitted cap (EndoRings; EndoAid, Caesarea, Israel). We sought to compare adenoma detection with EndoRings with that of standard high-definition colonoscopy. METHODS: This was a single-center, randomized controlled trial of 562 patients (284 randomized to EndoRings and 278 to standard colonoscopy) at 2 outpatient endoscopy units in the Indiana University Hospital system. Adenoma detection was the primary outcome measured as adenoma detection rate (ADR) and adenomas per colonoscopy (APC). We also compared sessile serrated polyp detection rate, insertion times, withdrawal times, and ease of passage through the sigmoid colon. RESULTS: EndoRings was superior to standard colonoscopy in terms of APC (1.46 vs 1.06, P = .025), but there were no statistically significant differences in ADR or sessile serrated polyp detection rate. Mean withdrawal time (in patients with no polyps) was shorter and insertion time (all patients) was longer in the EndoRings arm by 1.8 minutes and 0.75 minutes, respectively. One provider had significantly higher detection with Endo-Rings and contributed substantially to the overall results. CONCLUSIONS: EndoRings can increase adenoma detection without a significant increase in procedure time, but the effect varies between operators. The use of EndoRings slows colonoscope insertion. (Clinical trial registration number: NCT03418662.).


Assuntos
Adenoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias do Colo/diagnóstico por imagem , Pólipos do Colo/diagnóstico por imagem , Colonoscopia/instrumentação , Adenoma/patologia , Idoso , Neoplasias do Colo/patologia , Pólipos do Colo/patologia , Colonoscópios , Desenho de Equipamento , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Duração da Cirurgia
5.
Gastrointest Endosc ; 90(5): 835-840.e1, 2019 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31319060

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Endocuff (Arc Medical Design, Leeds, UK) and Endocuff Vision (Arc Medical Design, Leeds, UK) are effective mucosal exposure devices for improving polyp detection during colonoscopy. AmplifEYE (Medivators Inc, Minneapolis, Minn, USA) is a device that appears similar to the Endocuff devices but has received minimal clinical testing. METHODS: We performed a randomized controlled clinical trial using a noninferiority design to compare Endocuff Vision with AmplifEYE. RESULTS: The primary endpoint of adenomas per colonoscopy was similar in AmplifEYE at 1.63 (standard deviation 2.83) versus 1.51 (2.29) with Endocuff Vision (P = .535). The 95% lower confidence limit was 0.88 for ratio of means, establishing noninferiority of AmplifEYE (P = .008). There was no difference between the arms for mean insertion time, and mean inspection time (withdrawal time minus polypectomy time and time for washing and suctioning) was shorter with AmplifEYE (6.8 minutes vs 6.9 minutes, P = .042). CONCLUSIONS: AmplifEYE is noninferior to Endocuff Vision for adenoma detection. The decision on which device to use can be based on cost. Additional comparisons of AmplifEYE with Endocuff by other investigators are warranted. (Clinical trial registration number: NCT03560128.).


Assuntos
Adenoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias do Colo/diagnóstico por imagem , Colonoscopia/instrumentação , Idoso , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Feminino , Humanos , Mucosa Intestinal/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Duração da Cirurgia
6.
Gastrointest Endosc ; 83(1): 166-71, 2016 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25952085

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The value of narrow-band imaging (NBI) for detecting serrated lesions is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To assess NBI for the detection of proximal colon serrated lesions. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled trial. SETTING: Two academic hospital outpatient units. PATIENTS: Eight hundred outpatients 50 years of age and older with intact colons undergoing routine screening, surveillance, or diagnostic examinations. INTERVENTIONS: Randomization to colon inspection in NBI versus white-light colonoscopy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: The number of serrated lesions (sessile serrated polyps plus hyperplastic polyps) proximal to the sigmoid colon. RESULTS: The mean inspection times for the whole colon and proximal colon were the same for the NBI and white-light groups. There were 204 proximal colon lesions in the NBI group and 158 in the white light group (P = .085). Detection of conventional adenomas was comparable in the 2 groups. LIMITATIONS: Lack of blinding, endoscopic estimation of polyp location. CONCLUSION: NBI may increase the detection of proximal colon serrated lesions, but the result in this trial did not reach significance. Additional study of this issue is warranted. ( CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01572428.).


Assuntos
Adenoma/patologia , Colo/patologia , Neoplasias do Colo/patologia , Pólipos do Colo/patologia , Colonoscopia/métodos , Imagem de Banda Estreita/métodos , Adenoma/diagnóstico , Colo Ascendente/patologia , Colo Descendente/patologia , Colo Transverso/patologia , Neoplasias do Colo/diagnóstico , Pólipos do Colo/diagnóstico , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
8.
J Investig Med ; 60(4): 671-5, 2012 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22373660

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The current therapy for patients hospitalized with ascites requires titration of oral diuretics and often needs several days. A faster method for predicting the response to a given dose of diuretic may allow this process to be completed more rapidly. AIM: The objective of this study was to describe the short-term safety and efficacy of a diuretic infusion to predict net sodium excretion in patients with cirrhosis, ascites, and edema using a fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) of 1% or greater as the target. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective case series of patients admitted for management of ascites who received intravenous furosemide by continuous infusion in ascites management. Patients were stratified depending on whether they had edema or received an intravenous bolus of furosemide or a large-volume paracentesis. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients achieving a FENa of 1% or greater during the infusion. Secondary outcomes included development of electrolyte abnormalities or acute kidney injury during or immediately following the infusion and natriuresis on titrated oral furosemide. RESULTS: Forty-seven patients meeting criteria were identified from 721 patients seen in consultation. Ten of the patients had edema and received neither bolus intravenous diuretic therapy nor therapeutic paracentesis; all 10 achieved a FENa of 1% or greater. One patient had transient hypokalemia. Of 37 patients who either had no edema or received additional treatment options, all but 6 patients achieved a FENa of 1% or greater. Transient complications in 31 patients with natriuresis included hyponatremia (n = 1), hypokalemia (n = 5), and acute kidney injury (n = 3). Twenty-four-hour urine sodium averaged more than 4 g/d on the titrated oral furosemide regimen in 19 patients completing the collection. CONCLUSIONS: Use of a short continuous furosemide infusion can achieve a FENa of 1% or greater in patients with cirrhotic ascites and may be safe and efficacious for diuresis, meriting further study.


Assuntos
Ascite/tratamento farmacológico , Diuréticos/administração & dosagem , Furosemida/administração & dosagem , Adulto , Idoso , Ascite/epidemiologia , Ascite/patologia , Gerenciamento Clínico , Registros Eletrônicos de Saúde , Feminino , Humanos , Infusões Intravenosas , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo
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