[Frequency of altered male factor in an infertility clinic]. / Frecuencia del factor masculino alterado en parejas que consultan por infertilidad.

UNLABELLED: Infertility is the incapacity of a couple to conceive after a year of regular sexual life without using a method for family planning. The infertility state is dependent on the female factor as well as masculine factor; an altered masculine factor is designated when any cause or causes of infertility reside in the male. The masculine factor as a cause of infertility is present in 40 to 50% of cases hence the importance of an integral evaluation of male alterations and its fertility. The World Health Organization (WHO) has proposed to classify the masculine infertility based on semen features. OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of the masculine factor altered in association to diagnosed abnormalities, according to the number of affected seminal indexes based on seminograms performed in infertile patients seen at the department of Human Reproductive Medicine, Hospital Juárez de México. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An observational, descriptive, transverse, retrospective study was performed. SUBJECTS: the seminograms practiced were reviewed from 571 clinical files of couples that the consultation for infertility from January 1993 to February 2001. Collection and analysis of semen samples was based on standards settled by WHO. RESULTS: Of 571 seminogram informs, 371 (65%) showed alterations in the seminal indexes, the stocking of age of this group was of 31.89 years +/- SD 6.3 years. Our findings were: azoospermia in 89 (23.98%), astenonecrozoospermia in 44 (11.85%), hypospermia in 43 (11.59%), astenozoospermia in 33 (8.89%), oligoastenozoospermia in 31 (8.35%) hyponecrozoospermia in 30 (8.08%), oligozoospermia in 25 (6.73%), others in 21 (5.7%), necrozoospermia in 19 (5.12%), hypoastenozoospermia in 18 (4.85%), cryptozoospermia in 11 (2.97%), and hypooligoastenozoospermia in 7 (1.88%). In 62.6% of seminograms practiced there was an isolated alteration, in 34.4% two alterations and in the remaining 3% more than two alterations. CONCLUSION: We found masculine factor altered in 65% of couples who were requiring consultation for infertility. The three main alterations of seminal indexes were azoospermia, astenonecrozoospermia and hypospermia.

[Infertility due to a pituitary gangliocytoma]. / Gangliocitoma hipofisario como causa de infertilidad.

This tumor of hypophyseal origin is rare and its incidence is estimated from 2-5% of central nervous system neoplasms. It is characterized by enlargement of the sella turcica and by the presence of neuron with adenomatous tissue since it is derived form the neural crest. Clinical symptoms do not differ from pituitary adenomas. The diagnosis is made by histological analysis and prognosis is favorable after surgical excision. It is reported the case of a 27 year old female complaining of abnormal menses who was seen at our clinic due to primary infertility of 6 year duration and galactorrhea. An MRI disclosed a 7 mm lesion within the pituitary area. Prolactin was 167 ng/mL. The patient underwent transphenoidal surgery and the histological report was of gangliocytoma. Two months after surgery the patient resumed menses and 6 months later a MRI did not reveal residual tumor; prolactin levels decreased to 44.8 and 18 ng/mL. Afterwards, the patient became pregnant and had a normal delivery. To our knowledge this is the first report of infertility due to a pituitary gangliocytoma.