Assessment of the Change in Color of Maxillofacial Silicone after Curing Using a Mobile Phone Colorimeter Application.

AIM: To evaluate the change in color of the maxillofacial silicone after curing using a mobile phone colorimeter application. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A two-piece metal mold was fabricated. Twenty five samples were made using M511, maxillofacial silicone. A jig was prepared to hold the mobile phone at a fix distance from the samples. The color was measured for each sample in terms of HSV (hue, saturation, value) with the mobile phone colorimeter application after manipulation and after polymerization of the samples. Data were statistically analyzed using the Student's paired t test and the software used in the analysis was SPSS 22.0 version. RESULTS: The mean difference of hue was 1.32 ± 2.71, with p value 0.053. Mean differences in saturation was 0.72 ± 2.01, with p value 0.066. Mean differences in value were 2.16 ± 3.11, with a p value 0.002. The measure of value showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: There was a significant change in the value of the color of the maxillofacial silicone after polymerization. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Increasing the value of the color by 2-3% at the time of manipulation of the maxillofacial silicone with the use of a mobile phone colorimeter application can help the clinician to reproduce the same color in the final prosthesis after curing to achieve a predictable esthetic outcome for a facial prosthesis.

Positioning of iris in an ocular prosthesis: A systematic review.

AIM: To evaluate different methods, techniques, and concepts documented in the literature to assess iris positioning accurately to the related dimensions needed to effectuate maxillofacial rehabilitation of ocular prosthesis. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This systematic review was conducted as per the PRISMA guidelines which is the most opted reporting protocol. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two electronic databases PubMed and Cochrane Library) were searched for manuscripts published from 1969 till September 30, 2019. An electronic search (of peer review restricted to English language dental literature was conducted to identify the relevant scientific article on iris positioning in maxillofacial prostheses. Two observers independently read the abstracts and selected 17 full text articles fulfilling the inclusion criteria. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: No meta-analysis was conducted due to heterogeneity of data obtained. RESULTS: All the 17 documented articles related to determination of the iris positioning to perform maxillofacial prosthetic rehabilitation depicting the use of a strip of plastic template, a Boley's gauge, a millimeter ruler, a pupillometer, window light, an ocular locator with fixed caliper, inverted anatomic tracings, a transparent graph grid were reviewed systematically. CONCLUSION: Currently, there is no evidence in the form of a systematic review of the available literature discussing the best technique available for perfectly matching the iris positioning. However, the latest techniques making use of digital technology such as digital photography, is believed to be more precise for iris positioning in the ocular prosthesis.

Rehabilitation of an Ocular Defect Using a Custom Ocular Prosthesis in a Pediatric Patient.

It is a well-known saying that the eyes are "windows to the soul." The absence or loss of any facial part, particularly the vision, can lead to severe physical as well as emotional trauma. Losing any part of the face causes the patient societal, physical, and psychological anguish. An ocular prosthesis aims to improve social acceptance and boost self-confidence by restoring the facial appearance. A pediatric dental specialist should be a part of the maxillofacial prosthesis team since maxillofacial prosthetic rehabilitation in young children can be challenging, especially with the less cooperative ones. The following case report describes these challenges in relation to a 5-year-old boy who had his eye enucleated due to trauma. The purpose of the case was to provide custom-built, acrylic ocular prostheses in as comfortable and atraumatic manner as possible by the maxillofacial prosthetic team. How to cite this article: Bansod AV, Pisulkar S, Beri A, et al. Rehabilitation of an Ocular Defect Using a Custom Ocular Prosthesis in a Pediatric Patient. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(4):479-482.

Zygomatic Implant-Supported Prosthetic Rehabilitation of a Patient with Post-COVID-19 Mucormycosis and Maxillectomy.

Mucormycosis has been prevalent in the past few years with the COVID-19 pandemic largely affecting the maxilla due to its proximity to the respiratory corridor. Resection of the maxillary dentition along with the maxillary bone itself has a huge psychosocial impact on the patient. When seeking prosthetic rehabilitation, poor esthetics, difficulty in mastication, and social embarrassment are the patients' concerns. Hence, it becomes great responsibility for the clinician to restore the patient's natural teeth while causing him/her minimum discomfort. This article describes such a case of post-COVID-19 mucormycosis that has been provisionally restored by the means of all-on-four zygomatic implants.

Reviving Vision: A Case Report of Prosthetic Eye Restoration.

Prosthetic eye implantation is a significant intervention for individuals facing ocular trauma or congenital defects. We present the case of an eight-year-old boy who underwent prosthetic eye implantation following enucleation due to a severe injury. The patient had suffered from impaired vision and psychological distress due to the visible absence of his natural eye. The prosthetic eye not only restored his facial symmetry but also revitalized his self-esteem and confidence. This case report highlights the successful outcome of prosthetic eye implantation in pediatric patients and underscores the importance of addressing both physical and psychological aspects of ocular trauma in young individuals.

Transforming Smiles: A Case Study on Monolithic Zirconia Prosthetic Solutions.

In order to effectively address challenges related to anterior teeth restoration and achieve natural-looking results, considerations such as shape, size, gingival contour, and color are crucial. Due to an increasing desire for visually appealing alternatives that are free of metal, materials such as dental zirconia have become popular because of their superior aesthetics and mechanical characteristics. This case report presents clinical insights into anterior teeth rehabilitation with the use of layered zirconia fixed dental prostheses. It delves into the experiences associated with zirconia dental restorations on both endodontically treated and vital abutments, aiming to discern how various factors influence treatment outcomes. Beginning with the design of the restoration, its intricacies significantly impact its fit, strength, and overall durability. Moreover, the composition of zirconia used plays a pivotal role, as different formulations offer varying degrees of mechanical properties, influencing factors such as resilience and wear resistance. The shade selection is also scrutinized, as it directly affects the restoration's aesthetic integration with surrounding natural teeth, contributing to a more harmonious smile. Furthermore, the layering technique employed, particularly when additional porcelain or ceramic layers are applied, is essential for both cosmetic enhancement and structural integrity. Lastly, considerations of occlusion are paramount, ensuring proper alignment and contact between teeth to prevent premature wear and discomfort. By exploring these facets in zirconia restorations across different abutment types, this inquiry seeks to illuminate best practices for achieving favorable treatment outcomes in dental restoration procedures. The choice of zirconia composition, framework design, and shade must be carefully tailored to suit the characteristics of each individual abutment. This emphasizes the significance of adopting a tailored approach to tackle the distinct challenges posed by every clinical scenario. The manuscript provides detailed observations from a clinical case involving the restoration of anterior teeth utilizing monolithic zirconia-fixed dental prostheses. Through a combination of root canal treatment and composite buildup, successful restoration was achieved, with meticulous attention paid to aesthetic considerations. The utilization of computer-aided designing/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology in crafting zirconia restorations ensured precise fit and superior biocompatibility, contributing to the overall success of the treatment. The study underscores the importance of personalized treatment strategies in achieving optimal outcomes in anterior teeth restoration, emphasizing the need for careful consideration of various factors such as design, composition, and shade selection. Overall, the findings shed light on the potential of zirconia-based restorations in addressing the unique challenges associated with anterior teeth rehabilitation, offering valuable insights for dental practitioners striving to deliver aesthetically pleasing and functionally sound outcomes for their patients.

Zygomatic Implants in a Patient With History of Mucormycosis: A Case Report.

Exposure to mucor mold can lead to mucormycosis, a rare fungal infection with severe consequences, especially in immunocompromised individuals. The year 2020 highlighted the need for orofacial rehabilitation, presenting challenges in cases of maxillary absence. This case report details zygomatic implants, which offer a promising solution by providing stable support even in the absence of significant bone mass due to surgical excision post-COVID-19 mucormycosis. Zygomatic implants outperform traditional grafting techniques. The atrophic or resected jaws can be effectively restored with a single-piece zygomatic implant, which has the lowest rate of postoperative problems, including bone loss, mucositis, peri-implantitis, and screw loosening or fractures. In this case report, four zygomatic implants were placed in the zygomatic bone, and immediate loading was performed. Restoration of patient aesthetics, phonetics, and functional masticatory efficiency were restored.

Prosthetic Rehabilitation of a Non-optimally Positioned Implant With a Resin-Retained Restoration: A Clinical Case Report.

Long-term implant rehabilitation is still a problem. After about three months of implantation, the patient should go through rehabilitation to allow for osseointegration. However, poor patient cooperation during lengthy treatments or patient neglect, especially during patient-intensive treatments, can lead to a range of issues that require distinct approaches to solve. A fixed prosthetic is currently the most sought-after course of treatment. Implant misplacement can be a concern, especially during the prosthetic stage. Following the appropriate protocols, one of which has been discussed in this report, makes it possible to achieve prosthetic outcomes for a number of difficult cases. In the case described in this report, resin-retained restoration was used as an alternative to an implant-supported prosthesis because of the non-optimal position of the implant at the time of the prosthetic phase, which was due to discontinuation of treatment on the part of the patient. The conservative preparation of abutment teeth and pontic covering the non-optimally placed implant gave the best outcome and satisfaction on the part of the patient.

Less Is More: A Case Report on All-on-4 Prosthesis.

Severe alveolar ridge atrophy following tooth removal poses a common and worsening issue in edentulous jaws, affecting patient comfort and quality of life. The All-on-4 approach involves axially positioning two anterior implants and distally orienting two posterior implants, reducing cantilever length and enabling prostheses with 12 teeth. This less invasive option, utilizing distal tilting of implants at 30°, offers biomechanical advantages and has shown short-term success, though long-term research is limited. Immediate-loading treatments are gaining popularity for their high survival rates. Understanding the biomechanics of implant-supported prostheses is crucial for long-term success, emphasizing the importance of optimal occlusal schemes. Challenges such as bone defects and surgical complexity have led to the exploration of achieving full-arch fixed restorations with fewer implants, building upon Brånemark's early work with four implants. The All-on-4 concept, originating in 1999, proves to be a viable treatment option, providing excellent long-term results and improved load distribution in challenging clinical circumstances. This case report explores the successful rehabilitation of a jaw using the All-on-4 implant prosthesis concept, a technique strategically placing four implants in completely edentulous jaws to support a fixed, immediately loaded prosthesis.

Prosthetic Rehabilitation of All-on-Six Implant-Supported Prosthesis: A Case Report.

This clinical report explores the effectiveness of dental implants for rehabilitating fully edentulous arches, with a focus on the all-on-six treatment approach. Implant-supported fixed restorations, particularly using six implants, are presented as an expected and cost-effective solution for the rapid repair of the edentulous patient, avoiding the need for bone grafting. This report details the successful rehabilitation of a patient's completely edentulous arches using the all-on-six concept, highlighting the meticulous planning and execution involved. It concludes that precise diagnostic and implant planning, along with thorough attention to all the features, is crucial for successful implant-supported fixed prostheses, with the all-on-six concept offering improved clinical and radiological outcomes for atrophied maxillae.

Rehabilitation of Congenitally Missing Bilateral Incisors With the Maryland Bridge: A Case Report.

Congenital partial hypodontia is a commonly encountered disorder, presenting a challenge for adolescents seeking treatment, as existing options often come with drawbacks. Among these options, the Maryland Bridge stands out for its accessibility and notable benefits in terms of both strength and aesthetics. This article explores the merits of this treatment modality, supported by a detailed case study demonstrating its successful application. An 18-year-old patient was referred to our hospital with a complaint of missing bilateral maxillary incisors. Upon clinical examination, it became apparent that the orthodontic treatment was done and exhibited the absence of bilateral incisors in the upper arch. Subsequent diagnosis confirmed congenital partial hypodontia. To address the missing teeth, a treatment plan centered around the use of a Maryland Bridge was devised. One of the persistent challenges faced by restorative dentists is devising solutions for congenitally missing lateral incisors. Despite the availability of numerous therapeutic alternatives, none are without their limitations. However, the outcome of the rehabilitation in this case proved to be notably aesthetically pleasing, effectively fulfilling the intended purpose. As a result, this article advocates for the Maryland Bridge as a viable option for patients facing similar dental challenges.

Advancements in the Ocular Prosthesis Technology: The Insightful Innovations.

In patients who have lost their eye due to one or many of the following events, such as surgery, trauma, tumors, or birth eye defects, ocular prostheses play a very vital role in the recovery of their eye appearance and social appearance. This case report highlights the successful fitting and fabrication of a custom-made ocular prosthesis in a patient with an eye defect. The manufacturing process of the prostheses involved careful evaluation and fabrication involving a series of steps to achieve a successful prosthesis. A customized prosthesis guarantees excellent esthetic matching, more comfort, and increased patient confidence, thereby a better quality of life.

Sustainable Dentistry: A Comprehensive Review of the Recycling Techniques for Gypsum Products in Prosthodontics.

This review explores the pivotal role of sustainable dentistry with a specific focus on the recycling of gypsum products in prosthodontics. As oral health practices increasingly impact the environment, the adoption of sustainable approaches becomes imperative. The review delves into the environmental challenges posed by gypsum waste in prosthodontics and examines current recycling techniques, presenting key findings and successful case studies. The call to action is directed towards the dental community, urging practitioners, educators, and policymakers to prioritize sustainable practices, encompassing responsible waste management and the incorporation of eco-friendly materials. Looking to the future, the review envisions a promising landscape for sustainable dentistry in prosthodontics, propelled by emerging technologies and a collective commitment to environmentally conscious oral healthcare. Ultimately, this review serves as a catalyst for positive change, advocating for a transformative shift toward sustainability within the dental community.

Association of Salivary Cortisol With Anxiety in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Before and After Complete Denture Rehabilitation: An In-Vivo Analysis.

Background Complete edentulism negatively impacts emotional, physical, social, and psychological well-being, leading to a decline in quality of life and heightened stress and anxiety. Stressful situations associated with edentulism can elevate cortisol levels, potentially increasing the risk of diabetes. Rehabilitation with complete dentures needs careful evaluation for its impact on general health, considering stress points and systemic effects. This study aimed to assess salivary cortisol levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients before and after complete denture rehabilitation, highlighting the intricate relationship between diabetes, cortisol, and the stress response. Methods This is a cross-sectional study centered on individuals with diabetes who were completely edentulous and undergoing evaluation by the outpatient prosthodontic department. Glycated hemoglobin, anxiety levels, and the fabrication of complete dentures were all accomplished with the participants' consent. Patients underwent evaluations before and one month after receiving complete denture rehabilitation. Results An absolute correlation between salivary cortisol levels and anxiety may be established because anxiety levels dramatically decreased during complete denture rehabilitation. Conclusion By learning how the patient's general health is related to their new set of complete dentures and how to correlate that information with dental rehabilitation, professionals can help patients better adapt to their new set of dentures.

Shielding the Pier Abutment Using a Nonrigid Connector.

The attachment of a fixed partial denture (FPD) on a pier abutment may be necessary in some partially edentulous instances because of the pattern of lost teeth. Nonetheless, it has been noted that using a stiff FPD to restore two lost teeth and an intermediate pier abutment is not the best course of action. In this case, using a stiff connector concentrates the stresses on the pier abutment. In this situation, the pier abutment serves as a pivot, increasing the debonding of the fixed dental prosthesis and ultimately compromising the success of the FPD. Connectors that are not stiff can solve these issues. A nonrigid connector allows abutments to move independently and distributes shear forces to the supporting bone. Instead of the typical rigid connector, the nonrigid connector serves as a stress breaker between the retainer and the pontic.

A Comprehensive Review on Virtual Articulators.

The virtual articulator (VA) is a technology that simulates the jaw relation in a computer-generated setting. Augmented and virtual reality have been utilized as digital technology, which aids in many areas of dentistry and dental education. Today, a practicing dentist must keep up with the newer technologies, but with technology evolving so quickly it becomes challenging. In dentistry, the possibilities for digitization and technological advancements are limitless. Virtual articulators (VAs) allow a complete occlusion analysis using dental models that replicate all mandibular motions in static and dynamic scenarios. VA when executed in addition to other software enhances treatment planning and patient education, allowing quicker and more precise individualized diagnoses. The main objective of this study was to describe and evaluate the study outcomes in the available research on VAs, assess their needs, and evaluate their advantages and limitations in various aspects. A PubMed Central search was made of dental journals, with the identification of 135 articles out of which 30 were finally selected. The investigations conducted to evaluate the VA's dependability provide good visualization of the quantity and location of the dynamic interactions. A precise instrument for fully analyzing occlusion in a real patient is the virtual articulator.

Enhancing Esthetics Using Prosthetic Cheek Plumper With Magnet Retention for Rehabilitation of an Edentulous Patient: A Case Report.

The patient's state of health is significantly impacted by aesthetics. The face undergoes various changes as we age, including the loss of fat and muscle tonicity. The loss of teeth and these modifications accentuate the look of sunken cheeks. As a result, facial deformity may have an effect on a person's mental health, especially young people who are edentulous patients. Cheek plumpers and complete dentures (CDs) can be utilized to help these people recover or enhance aesthetics. The manufacturing of a CD with magnets is described in this case report.

Effectiveness, Esthetics, and Success Rate of Dental Implants in Bone-Grafted Regions of Cleft Lip and Palate Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Congenital clefts impair function and appearance, thus impacting a patient's social and mental health. A multidisciplinary team that can offer comprehensive treatment from infancy through maturity and beyond can successfully address these abnormalities. Dental rehabilitation is very important for these patients; these abnormalities should be identified and must be treated accordingly. Hence it is of utmost importance to know the success rate and changes in quality of life from patient satisfaction in order to plan future treatment goals when coming across such cases. The aim of this article is to determine success rate, esthetics, and patient satisfaction in implant-based oral rehabilitation in bone-grafted regions of cleft patients. Registration was carried out in PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Review) with registration number CRD42022329861 on May 7, 2022. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms such as cleft lip, cleft palate, survival rate, and dental implants were used to handpick articles via an electronic database. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed to compile all the data gathered from an electronic database. According to the collected data, 93.5% of the survival rate with dental implants was noted irrespective of the type of bone grafts used. Also, improvement in quality of life was achieved in these patients. Effectiveness, esthetics, and success rate are very well achievable with implants in cleft patients. Although the aesthetics are not equivalent to that of dental implants in normal patients, patient satisfaction is still satisfactory in patients with dental implants in bone-grafted regions of cleft lip and palate.

Evaluation of the Role of Dentures & Dietary Advice on Nutritional Status of Complete Edentulous Patients Using MNA®-SF: An Observational Study.

Aim This study aims to evaluate the role of dentures and dietary advice on the nutritional status of complete edentulous patients using the mini nutritional assessment-short form (MNA®-SF). Objective The objective of this study is to assess patients' nutrition using MNA®-SF before denture insertion and nutritional advice, to evaluate patients' nutrition using MNA®-SF after denture insertion and nutritional advice at one month and three months, and to assess and compare pre- and post-insertion differences in nutrition using MNA®-SF. Material and Method An observational study was conducted among 50 completely edentulous patients using the MNA®-SF questionnaire. They were asked the questions at baseline and then after they were given complete dentures, after which they were recalled after one month and three months to assess the nutritional status using MNA®-SF. All the questions were in the native language, so it was easy to understand the question and respond to it. Result It was found that the patient's nutritional status had significant changes, which shows that the dietary advice and complete denture affected the patient's nutritional status. Conclusions This study helped assess the efficacy and application of MNA®-SF in completely edentulous patients. In this study, we provided nutritional guidance to patients in addition to complete denture prostheses to encourage them to have healthy eating habits.

Porcelain Laminate Veneers: A Case Report.

One of the most crucial issues in modern dentistry is restoring a patient's lost dental aesthetic appearance. To do this, new therapeutic tools and techniques have been appearing on the market day by day. For anterior teeth, where aesthetics are extremely essential, the majority of dentists prefer more conservative and aesthetic treatments, such as direct and indirect laminate veneer restorations over full-ceramic crowns. The meteoric emergence of veneers has been one of dentistry's most successful innovations. It is a coating of tooth-coloured material that is put to a tooth to aesthetically restore any intrinsic discoloration or localised or generalised abnormalities. Any restoration work ought to be created using mechanical, biological, and aesthetic criteria. Patients may experience significant aesthetic issues as a result of the colour, form and structural and positional anomalies of their anterior teeth. This is a report depicting a case of porcelain laminate veneers using computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM).