[Effect of enterosorption on immunologic parameters of patients with colorectal cancer in the postoperative period].

Our investigation was carried out on an assumption that end results among patients radically-treated for colorectal cancer might be improved by use of enteroabsorption. The study group included 17, controls--13 patients with diagnostically verified stage I-III tumors. Mixed sorbent (microcellulose + polysorb) (6g) was administered, once a week, on the average of 20 days after operation. Immunological vigor was assayed 3 weeks after surgery: immunoglobulin levels--by turbodimetric method, cellular profile of lymphocytes--monoclonal antibodies to cell markers CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16 and CD22. As a result of adjuvant treatment CD22 (B-lymphocytes) concentration increased significantly--from 17.70 to 21.66 (22%), while CD16 (innate killers) both in absolute numbers (19%) and by percentage points (9%). Circulating immunocomplex levels in the sorbent-treatment group were significantly lower (37.44 ths units) than in control (48 ths units) (average 28%). No relapse or metastases were reported in either group.

[Enterosorption in the preoperative period in patients with cancer of the large intestine]. / Enterosorbtsiia v predoperatsionnom periode u bol'nykh rakom tolstoi kishki.

Polifepan was used for preoperative detoxication by enterosorption in 40 cases of cancer of the large bowel. The results were compared in the study group and controls who had received standard premedication. Postoperative complication frequency dropped 35-10% and postoperative inpatient stay duration--28.3-17.8 days.

[Use of enterosorption in biliary tract cancers complicated with mechanical jaundice]. / Primenenie énterosorbtsii pri rake zhelchevyvodiashchikh putei, oslozhnennom mekhanicheskoi zheltukhoi.

Enterosorption using polyphepan in experimental mechanical jaundice was followed by improvement of the course of the disease, lower mortality and improvement in endotoxemia indices. The therapeutic effect of enterosorption is due to enhanced transfer of metabolites and toxins through the intestinal wall and subsequent excretion via the gastrointestinal tract. Enterosorption performed in 60 patients with malignancies of the bile tracts and mechanical jaundice was followed by a more rapid improvement in general condition and reduction in the indices of endotoxemia, as compared with 60 controls. Postoperative complication frequency and mortality showed a significant decrease.

[Intraoperative colonic sorption dialysis in colonic cancer complicated with colonic obstruction]. / Intraoperatsionnyi tolstokishechnyi sorbtsionnyi dializ pri rake tolstoi kishki, oslozhnennom tolstokishechnoi neprokhodimost'iu.

The data on treatment 84 patients with large bowel carcinoma aggravated by occlusion ileus are discussed. The study group included 49 patients who received intraoperative sorption dialysis of large bowel (ISDLB). Intraoperative lavage of large bowel (ILLB) was given to 35 patients who were in control. A significantly higher detoxication effect of ISDLB was recorded by hematological and biochemical index dynamics analysis. Lethality dropped to 6% in the group receiving ISDLB (11%). The latter patients spent 15 +/- 4 days in hospital as compared to 25 +/- 4 days in control. The postoperative complication rates were 14 and 29%, respectively. ISDLB should be indicated in complex therapy of bowel carcinoma aggravated by occlusion ileus because of its cleansing effect which significantly reduces end-genuous intoxication.

[Activation of the components of the kallikrein-kinin system of the blood in critical states and their sorption on activated charcoal]. / Aktivatsiia komponentov kallikrein-kininovoi sistemy krovi v kriticheskikh sostoianiiakh i ikh sorbtsiia na aktivirovannykh ugliakh.

The authors have demonstrated activation of the Kallikrein-Kinin system in critical states and ways to decrease the level of its components in hemosorption. It was shown in experiments in 15 dogs and 120 rats (in blood loss and endotoxin shock) and in 12 patients (with acute pneumonia, Mendelson syndrome and "shock lung").

[Nature of the organic lesions in uremic poisoning]. / Priroda organnykh porazhenii pri uremicheskoi intoksikatsii.

It was shown that a set of substances with median and low molecular weight obtained in sick children with chronic renal insufficiency by the method of ultrafiltration possessed pronounced biological activity. When injected to experimental animals they decreased the renal and hepatic arterial blood flow, caused microcirculatory alterations in vitally important organs, increased vascular permeability and activity of lysosomal enzymes.

[Use of enterosorption for reducing the biogenic amine content of blood and exudate in peritonitis]. / Primenenie énterosorbtsii dlia snizheniia soderzhaniia biogennykh aminov v krovi i ékssudate pri peritonite.

The administration of an enterosorbent prevents increase of the level of biologically active substances in blood and exudate of rats in fecal peritonitis. The results of biochemical and radionuclide methods of examination allow 2 mechanisms of reduction of the histamine and serotonin level in blood and exudate to be distinguished--direct and mediated.

[Enterosorption in the preparation of patients for surgery of the large intestine]. / Enterosorbtsiia pri podgotovke bol'nykh k operatsiiam na tolstoi kishke.

Enterosorption was used in the preparation of 30 patients for operations for carcinoma of the colon in order to make detoxication of the organism and to reduce the amount of postoperative pyo-inflammatory complications. The effectiveness of detoxication was confirmed by laboratory analysis. The amount of postoperative complications were reduced from 40% to 17.6%, the duration of the postoperative period at the hospital became shorter - 19.3 days instead of 26.7.

[Experimental and clinical validation of using enterosorption in mechanical jaundice]. / Eksperimental'no-klinicheskoe obosnovanie primeneniia énterosorbtsii pri mekhanicheskoi zheltukhe.

Experiments in 119 rats with the model of mechanical jaundice have shown the efficiency of enterosorption with polyphepan. The development of the pathological process was found to improve, lethality of the experimental animals to decrease. Favourable changes of the laboratory indices characteristic of endotoxemia were noted. The mechanism of medical action of enterosorption is realized by means of intensification of transfer of masses of metabolites and toxins through the intestine wall and their excretion through the gastrointestinal tract. One of important mechanisms of the medical action of enterosorption is the stimulation of intestinal peristalsis which is confirmed by data of the dynamics of bioelectrical activity. Enterosorption performed in 60 patients with mechanical jaundice was followed by a more rapid improvement of the general state, decrease of the indices characteristic of endotoxicosis as compared with 60 patients of the control group. The frequency of postoperative complications and lethality were reliably lower.

[Enterosorption as a method for correction of biogenic amine levels in experimental bronchospasm]. / Enterosorbtsiia kak metod korrektsii urovnia biogennykh aminov pri éksperimental'nom bronkhospazme.

The mechanism of enterosorption positive influence on the course of bronchospastic condition was studied on the model of allergic bronchospasm. The using of the sorbent (polyphepan) during the period of sensitization of rats prevented the beginning of bronchospasm or reduced its extent. The results of investigation proved that a decrease the of biogenic amines concentration in biological liquids and tissues depending on their transport and sorption in intestine is one of the main mechanisms of enterosorption.

[Enterosorption in chronic enterocolitis]. / Enterosorbtsiia pri khronicheskom énterokolite.

Polyfepan, a sorbent, included in the complex of therapeutic measures for the patients with exacerbations of chronic enterocolitis, has considerably reduced the terms necessary to arrest the major symptoms of the condition vs. the reference group. The effect was the most manifest when the sorbent was combined with polyenzyme drugs. Laboratory tests and rat experiments have helped validate polyfepan action as the agent binding microorganisms and their toxins on its surface and fixing the enzyme vector at the site of the pathologic process.