RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of senile cataracts and its detection rate among the population at the age of 40 and older with diseases of the cardiovascular system. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This observational cross-sectional study was based on the information extracted from electronic health records (EHR) of patients aged 40-99 years assigned for medical services to a city polyclinic. RESULTS: Among the population with essential hypertension (EH) senile cataract occurs with the frequency of 10.4±0.3% (95% CI 9.8-10.9%) of cases, in patients with cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) - 17.1±0.2% (95% CI 16.6-17.5%) of cases, with varicose veins of the lower extremities - 19.9±0.2% (95% CI 19.4-20.3%) of cases, with ischemic heart disease (IHD) - 15.8±0.2% (95% CI 15.4-16.2%) of cases. At the same time, senile cataract is associated with an increase in the likelihood of its detection in patients with hypertension by 6.8 times (OR 6.57; 95% CI 5.89-7.74), with CVD by 5 times (OR 5.02; 95% CI 4.64-5.44), with varicose veins by 3.7 times (OR 3.70; 95% CI 3.34-4.10), with IHD by 3.5 times (OR 3.53; 95% CI 3.20-3.90). Female gender is associated with an increased likelihood of developing senile cataracts in the presence of EH by 1.4 times (OR 1.420; 95% CI 1.299-1.553), in the presence of CVD by 1.2 times (OR 1.199; 95% CI 1.066-1.348), in the presence of varicose veins by 1.4 times (OR 1.355; 95% CI 1.064-1.725), in the presence of IHD by 1.5 times (OR 1.476; 95% CI 1.298-1.679). The detection rate of senile cataract is highest at the ages of 70-79 years, amounting to 18.1% of cases with hypertension, 24.0% of cases with CVD, 29.2% of cases with varicose veins, and 33.7% of cases with ischemic heart disease. CONCLUSION: Target population groups have been identified for more effective screening studies in order to detect senile cataracts among them.