[Efficacy and safety analysis of umbilical cord blood combined with haploid hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of malignant hematological malignancies].

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of umbilical cord blood combined with haploid HSCT (haplo-cord HSCT) in the treatment of hematological malignancies. Methods: The data of 82 patients with hematologic malignancies who received haplo-cord HSCT from January 2017 to June 2021 in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University were retrospectively analyzed. There were 52 male and 30 female patients, aged [M(Q1, Q3)] 29 (20, 41) years. All patients received myeloablative preconditioning regimen. The day of the donor stem cell infusion was recorded as day 0 (0 d), the day before the infusion was recorded as day-1 (-1 d), and the day after the infusion was recorded as day+1 (+1 d), and so on. Eighty-two patients received transfusion of peripheral blood and/or bone marrow stem cells from unrelated cord blood and haplotype donors after the myeloablative preconditioning regimen. The graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis regimen was 8 mg/kg ATG combined with cyclosporine, morte-macrolide, and methotrexate. Patients were evaluated for implantation and the occurrence of transplant-related complications such as GVHD, infection, hemorrhagic cystitis, and long-term patient survival. Results: The time of neutrophil engraftment [M(Q1, Q3)] was 13 (11, 15) days and 15 (13, 21) days for platelet. The 30-day cumulative incidence of neutrophil engraftment was 98.8% (81/82) and 100-day cumulative incidence of platelet engraftment was 92.7% (76/82). The cumulative incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) in degree Ⅱ-Ⅳ and Ⅲ-Ⅳ was 24.4% (20/82) and 6.1% (5/82), respectively. The cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD in+18 months was 13.5% (11/82). The follow-up time [M(Q1, Q3)] was 26 (13, 41) months, and the overall survival (OS) rate, event-free survival (EFS) rate, cumulative recurrence rate (CIR) and non-recurrence mortality (NRM) rate at 3 years after transplantation were 70.5% (95%CI: 59.7%-81.3%), 66.1% (95%CI: 56.1%-76.1%), 6.3% (95%CI: 5.7%-26.9%) and 20.8% (95%CI: 12.0%-29.6%), respectively. The cumulative incidence of cytomegalovirus and EBV reactivation was 37.8% (31/82) and 14.6% (12/82), respectively. The cumulative incidence of hemorrhagic cystitis was 32.9% (27/82). Conclusion: The efficacy of haplo-cord HSCT in the treatment of hematologic malignancies is reliable, with rapid hematopoietic reconstitution, low incidence of GVHD and virus reactivation.

[Efficacy analysis of Venetoclax combined with TKI and dexamethasone-containing low-dose chemotherapy for relapsed/refractory Ph+acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia].

The clinical data of five cases of relapsed/refractory (R/R) Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute B-lymphocytic leukaemia (Ph+B-ALL) treated with Bcl-2 inhibitor venetoclax combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) and dexamethasone-containing low-dose chemotherapy regimen at Zhengzhou University Cancer Hospital were analyzed, and the efficacy and safety were evaluated. Ponatinib was used in two of the five patients with T315I mutation, and flumatinib was used in other three patients. The results showed that, of the four minimal residual disease (MRD) positive patients, three achieved complete molecular remission (CMR) in the short term and one was ineffective. Another patient with morphological recurrence reached CR in one month. The overall response rate was 80%. Treatment related adverse reactions included mild skin pigmentation, gastrointestinal reactions, fatigue, and grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ bone marrow suppression.

[Risk factors of extramedullary relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with myeloid leukemia].

Objective: To evaluate risk factors and available treatments of extramedullary relapse (EMR) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in patients with myeloid leukemia. Methods: A total of 280 patients were retrospectively analyzed from January 2008 to December 2018 in Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Clinical data were collected including disease patterns, pre-transplantation status, chromosome karyotype, conditioning regimen, types of donor, extramedullary disease before transplantation and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The log-rank test and Cox proportional hazard model were uesd for univariate analysis and multivariate analysis, respectively. Results: Twenty patients developed EMR (7.14%). The median time of EMR was 7.5 (1-123) months after allo-HSCT. The mortality of EMR was 80% (16/20). Univariate analysis identified disease patterns, second complete remission (CR2) or progressive disease before transplantation, extramedullary disease, abnormal karyotype and conditioning regimen without total body radiation as significant factors correlated to EMR (P<0.05). Multi-variable analysis revealed that CR2 or progressive disease (RR=3.468,95%CI 2.189-7.786), abnormal karyotype (RR=1.494,95%CI 1.020-2.189) and extramedullary disease before transplantation (RR=8.627,95%CI 3.921-18.452) were independent risk factors of EMR. Conclusions: The clinical outcome of EMR after allo-HSCT is poor.It is crucial to comprehensively assess and identify EMR as early as possible.

[Impact of combined nerve blocks on the outcome of hip replacement in elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction].

Objective: To investigate the impact of ultrasound-guided lumbar plexus, sciatic nerve and L1 paravertebral combined nerve blocks on the outcomes of elderly acute cerebral infarction patients with femoral neck fracture who underwent hip replacement. Methods: The clinical data of 114 elderly acute cerebral infarction patients with femoral neck fracture and underwent artificial hip replacement surgery from May 2013 to September 2018 in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups based on the different anesthetic methods they received: general anesthesia (G group, n=48), lumbar plexus, sciatic nerve and L1 paravertebral combined nerve blocks (N group, n=66). The operation time, anesthesia time, blood loss, urine volume, norepinephrine dose, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, hospital mortality and postoperative 6-month mortality were observed and compared between the two groups. The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores and the national institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) scores were evaluated, respectively. Meanwhile, plasma D-Dimer and S100ß levels were measured 1 d before surgery, 3 d and 7 d after surgery. Results: There were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics, operation time, anesthesia time, blood loss and length of ICU stay between the two groups (all P>0.05). Compared with group G, the dosage of norepinephrine [(86±23) µg vs (184±28) µg], hospital mortality [7.6% (5/66) vs 25.0% (12/48)] and postoperative 6-month mortality [12.1% (8/66) vs 31.3% (15/48)] were significantly decreased in group N, while the urine volume [(265±58) ml vs (160±55) ml] was significantly increased (all P<0.01). The MMSE scores (9.9±3.0 vs 14.6±2.4) in group N were significantly higher than those in the group G 3 d after surgery, while the NIHSS scores (15.3±3.2 vs 9.9±3.5), plasma D-Dimer [(10.8±2.5) mg/L vs (7.3±2.2) mg/L] and S100ß levels [(326±35) ng/L vs (276±29) ng/L] were significantly lower than those in group G (all P<0.01). Conclusion: Combined nerve blocks can reduce the mortality of acute cerebral infarction patients undergoing hip replacement surgery, and improve the brain function and prognosis of the patients.

[Effects of different crystalloid fluids resuscitation on renal structure and function in sepsis rats].

To evaluate the effects of resuscitation with normal saline and sodium potassium magnesium calcium and glucose injection on renal structure and function in septic rats. Rat model of sepsis was established by ligation and perforation of cecum. Male SD rats were divided into four groups: sham operation group, sepsis group, saline resuscitation group, sodium potassium magnesium calcium and glucose injection resuscitation group. Blood gas analysis was performed at the end of resuscitation. The rats were sacrificed 72 hours after resuscitation. Blood samples were taken to measure the plasma levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factorα (TNFα). Caspase-3 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in kidney sections. The degree of renal injury was evaluated by regular HE staining and electron microscope. Compared with normal saline resuscitation, sodium potassium calcium magnesium glucose injection resuscitation could decrease the levels of BUN, serum creatinine, IL-1ß, IL-6 and TNFα (P<0.05) , reduce the expression of caspase-3 (P<0.05) , and improve the renal injury score (P<0.05) . Sodium potassium calcium magnesium glucose injection resuscitation can significantly improve the renal function of sepsis rats with less pathological damage of the kidney.

[Clinical analysis of 12 cases of acute myeloid leukemia complicated with synchronous primary solid tumor].

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) complicated with simultaneous multiple primary cancer (SMPC). Methods: The data of 12 AML patients with SMPC hospitalized in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanyang Medical College, the Xinhua District Hospital of Pingdingshan City and the First People's Hospital of Pingdingshan City from March 2014 to July 2019 were analyzed retrospectively, and their clinical features, treatment and prognosis were summarized. Results: Among the 12 patients, there were 6 males and 6 females, with a median age of 58 years (39-70 years). AML classification: according to French-American-British (FAB) classification, the 12 AML patients were classified as M0 1, M1 1, M2a 5, M2b 1, M3 2, M5 2; according to National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) prognosis stratified, low risk group 1 case, medium risk group 4 cases, high risk group 7 cases; classification of solid tumors: 3 cases of lung cancer, 1 case of breast cancer, 2 cases of gastric cancer, 3 cases of esophageal cancer, 1 case of rectal neuroendocrine tumor, 1 case of invasive hydatidiform mole and 1 case of sigmoid colon cancer. The median time interval for the diagnosis of two primary malignant tumors was 4 (from 2.6 to 5.6) months. Results of gene mutation detection: AML prognostic gene detection results: a total of 12 kinds of gene abnormalities including ASXL1, JAK2, TET2, U2AF1, ABCB1, FLT3-ITD, RUNX1, SETBPIT, TET2 (single nucleotide polymorphism, SNP), p53, IKZF1 and IDH2 were detected, and solid tumor related genes were detected: a total of 4 kinds of gene abnormalities including Her-2, EGFR, K-RAS and MSI were detected. Survival: among the 12 patients, 1 case was lost during follow-up, 2 cases were still in treatment, 3 cases ended treatment and the condition was stable, 6 cases died. The median overall survival of 12 patients was 12.5 (from 3.8 to 48.0) months. Conclusions: It is not clear whether there is a certain correlation between the simultaneous occurrence of AML and solid tumors. Patients with AML and synchronous solid tumors are not unusual. Both tumors should be treated aggressively at the same time.

[The safety and efficacy of low dose subcutaneous decitabine combined with arsenic trioxide in patients with inermediate or higer-risk myelodysplastic syndrome].

To retrospectively analyze the safety and efficacy of low dose subcutaneous decitabine combined with arsenic trioxide in patients with intermediate or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Three of the total 11 MDS patients achieved complete remission (CR) and 6 achieved hematological improvement (HI), 1 stable disease (SD), and 1 progressive disease (PD). One patient was treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The median follow-up time was 413(90-1 275) d. Nine patients were still alive. Low dose subcutaneous decitabine combined with arsenic trioxide can be an alternative regimen for intermediate or high-risk MDS patients.

[The influence of additive clonal chromosome abnormalities in Ph negative cells on the efficacy of chronic myeloid leukemia].

Objective: To investigate the influence of additional clonal chromosome abnormalities in Ph negative cells (CCA/Ph(-)) on the efficacy of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) after tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) treatment. Methods: The clinical data of 28 CML patients with CCA/Ph(-) treated in Henan Cancer Hospital from July 2014 to December 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. The univariate analysis was carried out by Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate analysis was done by Cox proportional risk model. Results: A total of 28 CCA/Ph(-)patients were recruited including 17 males and 11 females with median age of 42.5 years old. The most common CCA/Ph(-)were trisomy 8 (60.7%), monosomy 7 (14.3%). 64.3% CCA/Ph(-)were transient and 35.7% recurrent (more than 2 times). Cytopenia in two or three lineages of peripheral blood was seen in 42.9% patients. As to the efficacy, 89.3% patients achieved major cytogenetic response (MCyR), 25% with major molecular response (MMR). The median follow-up time was 26.5 months. Treatment failure (TF) of TKI occurred in 32.1% patients with median duration of response 8 (1-41) months. Univariate analysis showed that TF rate was significantly correlated with the frequency of CCA/Ph(-)and cytopenia (all P<0.05). The MMR rate was also significantly correlated with cytopenia (P<0.05). Cytopenia of two lineages or pancytopenia was an independent risk factor related to MMR rate (RR=3.868, 95%CI 1.216-12.298, P=0.022) . Conclusions: Cytopenia in CCA/Ph(-)appears to be an independent risk factor of MMR in CML patients with TKI treatment. The recurrent CCA/Ph(-)may link to higher treatment failure rate. Drug withdrawal or alternative strategy should be considered according to response and the ABL kinase mutations.

[The efficacy and safety of co-transplantation of unrelated donor peripheral blood stem cells combined with umbilical mesenchymal stem cells in patients with refractory severe aplastic anemia-â ¡].

The efficacy and safety of co-transplantation of unrelated donor peripheral blood stem cells (UD-PBSCs) combined with umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) in refractory severe aplastic anemia-Ⅱ(RSAA-Ⅱ) were analyzed retrospectively. Fifteen patients with RSAA-Ⅱ underwent UD-PBSCs and UC-MSCs co-transplantation, among whom 14 cases had hematopoietic reconstitution without severe graft versus-host disease (GVHD). The 5-year overall survival rate was 78.57%. Combination of UD-PBSCs and UC-MSCs transplantation could be a safe and effective option for RSAA-Ⅱ.

[Efficacy and prognosis of the dynamic monitoring lymphocyte to monocyte ratio in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma].

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and prognosis of the dynamic monitoring lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods: The clinical data of 261 patients with DLBCL in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University between March 2012 to March 2018, were analyzed retrospectively. The optimal cut-off values of LMR was determined using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) method. Patients were divided into low LMR group and high LMR group according to the optimal cut-off value. The changes of LMR before and after treatment in two groups were dynamically monitored, and the relationship between LMR and efficacy and survival were analyzed. Results: Complete remission (CR) rate in patients with high LMR (64.7%) before treatment was significantly higher than that in patients with low LMR (33.3%) (P<0.05). Compared with the 5-year overall survival(OS) and progress free survival(PFS) (56.96% and 43.55%, respectively) in the low LMR group, the 5-year OS and PFS (82.92% and 66.25%, respectively) in the high LMR group were higher, and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). Patients with elevated LMR after treatment in the high or low LMR group had a significant higher 5-year OS and PFS compared with patients with LMR reduction(P<0.05). LMR in both high and low LMR group were significantly lower at the last follow-up than those at the disease recurrence (all P<0.05). Both single and multivariate analyses showed that low LMR was an independent prognostic factor in patients with DLBCL (all P<0.05). Conclusions: LMR can be used as an indicator of risk stratification, efficacy, disease replase and prognosis in patients with DLBCL. Low LMR before and after treatment were poor prognostic factors in patients with DLBCL.

[Long-term clinical outcome of children and adolescents with Burkitt's lymphoma treated with rituximab combined with modified NHL-BFM-90 regimen].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of rituximab combined with the modified NHL-BFM-90 protocol in childhood and adolescence with Burkitt's lymphoma (BL). Methods: A retrospective analysis of 67 untreated childhood and adolescence patients with BL was made. All patients were treated with the modified NHL-BFM-90 protocol with or without rituximab. Results: The 64 patients (95.52%) achieved complete remission (CR), 3 patients (4.48%) partial remission (PR), and the overall response rate (CR+PR) was 100%. 67 patients were followed up for a median of 44 (3-89) months. The 3 and 5-year overall survival (OS) were 92.54% and 88.98%, respectively. The 3 and 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) were all 90.34%. The 5-year OS were 100%,91.7% and 80.0% in low risk, moderate risk and high risk group, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.048). Of the 67 patients, 55 patients (82.09%) were treated with rituximab plus chemotherapy. Compared with the 5-year OS and PFS of 74.3% and 78.6% in the chemotherapy group, the 5-year OS and PFS in the rituximab plus chemotherapy group were 95.2% and 95.5%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P value was 0.021, and 0.036, respectively). Major toxicity was myelosuppression and mucositis. No treatment related death was found. Conclusions: Rituximab combined with the modified NHL-BFM-90 protocol was highly effective for children and adolescents with BL, and significantly improved long-term survival.

[Expression of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor in colitis-associated colonic carcinogenesis].

Objective: To investigate the expression of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor receptor (G-CSFR) in a mouse model of colitis-associated cancer (CAC), and the roles of G-CSFR positive immune cells in the development of CAC. Methods: The C57BL/6 mouse model of CAC was established by azoxymethane and dextran sulphate sodium. Three different stages in the development of CAC, including inflammation (AD1), mild dysplasia (AD2) and adenocarcinoma (AD3) were simulated. Colon tissue was digested into single cell suspension and the expressions of G-CSF and G-CSFR were analyzed by real-time PCR and fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS). The expressions of G-CSFR on T cell, macrophage and neutrophil were analyzed by FACS. Results: The establishment of mouse model can effectively simulate the disease progression of CAC. The results of real-time PCR detection showed that the expression level of G-CSF mRNA in AD1, AD2 and AD3 groups were 1.2, 7.3 and 18.0-fold changes of the control group, respectively. The differences between AD2, AD3 and control groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). G-CSFR mRNA levels in AD1, AD2 and AD3 groups were 1.5, 2.2 and 4.5-fold changes of the control group, respectively. The difference between AD3 and control groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). FACS showed that the percentages of CD45(+) G-CSFR(+) cells in colorectal tissues of the control group, AD1, AD2 and AD3 groups were (21.84±1.77)%, (41.48±4.15)%, (44.84±8.54)% and (57.76±1.95)%, respectively.The percentages of CD45(+) G-CSFR(+) cells in AD2 and AD3 groups were significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05). The percentages of CD45(+) G-CSFR(+) macrophage in the colorectal tissues of the control group, AD1, AD2 and AD3 groups were (21.54±5.88)%, (47.14±5.25)%, (42.49±7.80)% and (29.25±8.24)%, respectively. The percentages of CD45(+) G-CSFR(+) T cells in these groups were (30.04±6.87)%, (29.65±8.08)%, (33.75±7.37)% and (33.32±9.85)%, respectively. The percentages of CD45(+) G-CSFR(+) granulocyte were (2.39±2.10)%, (4.05±1.56)%, (3.62±2.67)% and (2.26±0.85)%, respectively (P<0.05). The percentages of G-CSFR(+) macrophage and G-CSFR(+) T cells were significantly higher than that of G-CSFR(+) granulocyte (P<0.05). The differences between AD1 and control group, AD2 and control group, AD1 and AD2 group, AD2 and AD3 group were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions: The expression of G-CSFR is significantly up-regulated in the development of CAC. The enrichment of G-CSFR(+) macrophages in the colon tissue suggests G-CSFR(+) macrophages participate in the development of CAC.

[The clinical safety and efficacy of low dose rituximab regimen on patients with Epstein-Barr virus infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

To retrospectively analyze the safety and efficacy of low dose rituximab regimen in patients with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Among 12 cases, 11 achieved complete remission (CR), 1 with partial remission (PR). Patients received 15 infusions with a median of 2.5(1-4) in each. The EBV DNA negative transformation period was 5-25 days with median 12 days. Low dose rituximab could be an alternative choice in patients with EBV infection after allo-HSCT.

[Clinical outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of 9 myeloid leukemia patients with granulocytic sarcoma].

To explore the efficacy and influencing factors of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in patients with myeloid leukemia and granulocytic sarcoma (GS). Clinical outcome including hematopoietic reconstitution, transplant-related complications, survival and relapse were collected and retrospectively analyzed in 9 patients with myeloid leukemia and GS after allo-HSCT. Hematopoiesis reconstitution was achieved in all the 9 recipients. Four cases developed acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and 1 with chronic GVHD. The median follow-up time after transplantation was 10(4-81) months. Only 2 cases survived, the other 7 died of relapse. The median time of relapse after transplantation was 5(3-19) months. Allo-HSCT is relatively effective treatment for patients with myeloid leukemia and GS. Relapse after transplantation remains the major factor of mortality.

[The clinical safety and efficacy of low dose subcutaneous decitabine in treating acute myeloid leukemia and intermediate- or higer-risk myelodysplastic syndromes in the elderly patients].

To retrospectively analyze the safety and efficacy of low dose subcutaneous decitabine regimen in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and intermediate- or higer-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Of 6 AML cases, 2 achieved complete remission (CR), 2 with partial remission(PR), 1 with stable disease(SD), 1 with progressive disease(PD). As to the 8 MDS patients, one achieved CR and 6 with hematologic improvement (HI), 1 case SD. Low dose subcutaneous decitabine regimen could be an alternative choice of older AML or MDS patients.

[Clinical characteristics and analysis of patients with hematological diseases and HCV-Ab positive].

Objective: To observe the biological characteristics of patients with hematological diseases and hepatitis C antibodies positive and to investigate features of HCV infection and reactivation. Methods: A total of 85 patients with seropositive HCV at the hematology ward in Henan Cancer Hospital between October 2010 and October 2015 were analyzed. The clinical characteristics and laboratory data were retrospectively reviewed. Original disease treatment information was obtained from the medical records. Results: The positive rate of HCV-Ab was 1.2%, which was significantly higher than that of the general population(1.2% vs 0.4%, P<0.001). Of the 25 patients who showed anti-HCV seroconversion during the period of treatment or follow-up, serum ALT level was elevated in 15 patients(60.0%)and AST level got synchronous increase in 14 patients (56.0%). Of the 85 patients with positive HCV-Ab, 13 (15.3%) patients suffered from HCV reactivation with hepatic injury in varying degrees after chemotherapy or HSCT. Conclusions: Patients with hematological diseases have high incidence of HCV infection and reactivation, and most of them have hepatic injury. Chemotherapy and HSCT are important risk factors for HCV reactivation.

Photosynthesis enhanced oxidative stress tolerance in high-yield rice varieties (Oryza sativa var. japonica L.) in the field.

The objective of this study was to understand varietal differences in photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence, antioxidant capability, and yield of japonica rice varieties. Nanjing 44, Oryza sativa var. japonica (average yield of 12.7 t/ha), Nanjing 46, and Nanjing 5055 (average yields of 11.3 and 11.5 t/ha) were included as "super" and high-yield varieties, respectively, whereas Wuyunjing 7 (average yield of 10.2 t/ha) was included as a control variety. These varieties were grown under field conditions in Jiangsu Province, China, in 2010-2012. Different organs (panicle, grain, etc.) were measured, before and after flowering, to identify differences of dry matter accumulation and transformation properties. Photosynthesis, the chlorophyll content, and antioxidant enzyme activities of the flag leaf in the days after flowering (DAF) were also investigated. The results showed that, compared with the other three rice varieties, Nanjing 44 had the highest plant dry weight and number of grains per panicle. It also had a relatively high net flag leaf photosynthetic rate and showed the least inhibition of photosynthesis at noon in DAF, which probably explains the higher yield in this variety. Furthermore, Nanjing 44 also had the highest stem export and conversion rate from stem to grain, exhibiting a strong ability to convert and distribute photosynthetic products. After DAF 42, Nanjing 44 still maintained a high-soluble protein content and a high antioxidant ability in the leaves to clear peroxidation products, which could protect the photosynthetic apparatus of the flag leaves, and maintain the grain-filling activity for longer. The high-yield capability of Nanjing 44 was attributed to its photosynthetic advantages in the leaves during the late developmental stage.

Effects of low temperature on photosynthetic characteristics in the super-high-yield hybrid rice 'Liangyoupeijiu' at the seedling stage.

To elucidate the resistance of high-yield hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) at the seedling stage to low temperature, photosynthetic characteristics, such as membrane lipid peroxidation, fatty acid composition, and chloroplast ultrastructure, were investigated in a newly developed super-hybrid rice ('Liangyoupeijiu') and a traditional chill-sensitive hybrid rice ('Shanyou63'), with 20°C as the control condition and 10°C as the low temperature treatment. Chlorophyll content, oxygen consumption by photosystem I, and oxygen production by photosystem II in the thylakoid membrane mainly decreased under the low-temperature treatment. The malondialdehyde content of 'Liangyoupeijiu' decreased slightly, while increases in membrane lipid peroxidation were greater in 10°C-treated than in 25°C-treated 'Shanyou63' seedlings. The index of unsaturated fatty acids increased in the two cultivars, particularly in 'Liangyoupeijiu'. No severe chloroplast ultrastructure damage was observed under cold stress, but the number of osmiophilic granules in 'Shanyou63' increased rapidly. The results indicate that compared to 'Shanyou63', 'Liangyoupeijiu' is more chill-resistant at the seedling stage.

[Thalidomide combined with interferon and interleukin-2 in treatment of relapsed or refractory acute myelogenous leukemia].

In 12 patients with relapsed or refractory acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), the efficacy and safety of a novel regimen, namely thalidomide combined with interferon and interleukin 2 (IL-2), were initially explored.All the patients have received the triple-drug regimen for at least one cycle.Three patients achieved incomplete remission (CRi), 3 patients with partial remission.The overall response rate (ORR) was 50%.

[A comparative study of unrelated donor and matched-sibling donor allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children and adolescents with acquired severe aplastic anemia].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of unrelated donor allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(URD allo-HSCT) for children and adolescents with severe aplastic anemia (SAA). Methods: Clinical data of 34 SAA children and adolescents undergoing allo-HSCT were retrospectively analyzed from October 2001 to October 2015. According to the source of donor, the patients were divided into matched sibling donor allo-HSCT group (MSD group) and unrelated donor group (URD group). The clinical outcome of SAA children and adolescents receiving URD allo-HSCT was assessed, and patients in MSD allo-HSCT group were enrolled as control at the same period. Results: The rate of hematopoietic reconstitution, the time of neutrophil and platelet engraftment, incidence of chimerism and graft rejection between two groups were not statistically different.The incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in URD group was significantly higher than that in MSD group [42.9%(6/14) vs 10.5%(2/19), P=0.047]. The incidence of grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ acute GVHD and chronic GVHD in URD were higher than those in MSD group [21.4%(3/14) vs 5.3%(1/19), P=0.288; 35.7%(5/14) vs 5.3%(1/19), P=0.062, respectively], yet without significant difference between two groups. Other transplant-related complications including pulmonary complications, hemorrhagic cystitis, incidence of EBV and CMV reactivation and venous occlusive disease were comparable with two regimens. Estimated 5-years overall survival (OS) rate and disease free survival (DFS) rate were not statistically significant between URD group and MSD group [(84.4±6.6)% vs (89.4±7.1)%, (82.5±5.4)% vs (82.1±4.3)%; P=0.766, P=0.884, respectively]. Conclusions: By multivariate analysis, the outcome of URD allo-HSCT in SAA children and adolescent is similar to MSD allo-HSCT. It could be an alternative option as the first-line treatment for SAA children and adolescents without HLA matched sibling donors.