Dietary supplementation of pyridoxine can enhance the growth performance and improve the protein, lipid utilization efficiency of mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi).

This study aimed to assess the effect of pyridoxine supplementation in the mandarin fish diet on growth performance, protein and lipid metabolism, and liver and intestinal histology. Mandarin fish were fed six diets with different levels of pyridoxine (2.67 mg/kg (control), 4.41 mg/kg, 6.57 mg/kg, 10.25 mg/kg, 17.93 mg/kg, 33.12 mg/kg diet) for 8 weeks, and samples were collected for analysis. The findings demonstrated that feeding mandarin fish a diet with 6.57 mg/kg pyridoxine led to a significant increase in weight gain rate (WGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), whole-body crude protein, whole-body crude lipid, serum protein, cholesterol (CHO), triacylglycerol (TG), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as well as significantly lower serum glucose (GLU) and feed conversion ratio (FCR), compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, we found a significant upregulation of the relative expression of genes associated with hepatic lipid oxidation and synthesis (hl, lpl, pparα, cpt1, cs, srebp1, and fas) and proteolysis (ast, alt, and gdh) in fish fed a diet containing 6.57 mg/kg pyridoxine (P < 0.05). Regarding the histological analysis, we observed a notable decrease in the quantity of intestinal mucus-secreting cells when the fish fed a diet containing 10.25 mg/kg pyridoxine (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that dietary pyridoxine supplementation promotes mandarin fish growth by improving the efficiency of protein and lipid utilization. Additionally, we used a broken-line regression analysis to estimate the optimal dietary pyridoxine requirement for mandarin fish in the range of 6.17-6.41 mg/kg based on WGR, FCR, and PER.

[Analysis of animal models of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease based on clinical features of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine].

This study analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of existing animal models in China and abroad and their goodness of fit based on the clinical characteristics and diagnostic criteria of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and western medicine, followed by the collation and summarization of model evaluation methodologies. The results showed that the existing animal models of stable COPD were mainly modeled via smoke exposure or the combination of multiple methods like smoke exposure plus lipopolysaccharide or protease or bacterial infection. These animal models generally failed to simulate the clinical characteristics of TCM, and their goodness of fit in western medicine was higher than that in TCM. There is a lack of research on the animal models of stable COPD and the disease-syndrome combination models. Although the modeling is guided by the pathogenesis or mechanism of diseased humans, the established models were still not identical with the actual clinical situations. In-depth research is needed to develop quantitative standards for stable COPD models.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-methyl-(1,1'-biphenyl)-pyrimidine conjugates.

Small molecule inhibitors of biphenyl structure as core backbone have shown a significant effect on PD-1/PD-L1 axis, and 2-amino-pyrimidine structure is a promising privileged scaffold in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. We designed by combination principles and synthesized 27 novel compounds with N-((2-methyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)methyl)pyrimidin-2-amine as a basic skeletal structure, and their anti-cancer activity was evaluated. Among compounds, 15a-d and 16b displayed strong anti-cancer effects on 9 tested cancer cell lines, in particular, the 16b did the highest inhibitive activity, but against HepG2 cells, and possessed the lowest IC50 value of 2.08 µΜ towards HT-29 cells.

2-Amino-pyridinium 2-meth-oxy-carbonyl-4,6-dinitro-phenolate.

In the title mol-ecular salt, C(5)H(7)N(2) (+)·C(8)H(5)N(2)O(7) (-), the 2-amino-pyridinium cation is essentially planar, with a maximium deviation of 0.015 (1) Å, while the 2-meth-oxy-carbonyl-4,6-dinitro-phenolate anion is slightly twisted away from planarity, with a maximium deviation of 0.187 (1) Å. Deprotonation of the hy-droxy O atom was observed. The cation and anion are connected by four bifurcated N-H⋯(O,O) hydrogen bonds, forming a mol-ecular proton-transfer adduct. The dihedral angle between the pyridinium ring in the cation and the benzene ring in the anion is 3.65 (6)°. Every adduct connects to six neighboring adducts by N-H⋯O and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, yielding extended layers parallel to the bc plane. There is a weak π-π inter-action between the benzene rings of two neighboring anions; the inter-planar spacing and the centroid-centroid separation are 3.309 (1) and 3.69 (1) Å, respectively.

catena-Poly[[silver(I)-µ-1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane] hemi(naphthalene-1,5-disulfonate) dihydrate]: a three-dimensional metallo-supramolecular sandwich lamellar network.

The title compound, {[Ag(C(13)H(14)N(2))](C(10)H(6)O(6)S(2))(0.5)·2H(2)O}(n), (I), features a three-dimensional supramolecular sandwich architecture that consists of two-dimensional cationic layers composed of polymeric chains of silver(I) ions and 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane (bpp) ligands, linked by Ag···Ag and π-π interactions, alternating with anionic layers in which uncoordinated naphthalene-1,5-disulfonate (nds(2-)) anions and solvent water molecules form a hydrogen-bonded network. The asymmetric unit consists of one Ag(I) cation linearly coordinated by N atoms from two bpp ligands, one bpp ligand, one half of an nds(2-) anion lying on a centre of inversion and two solvent water molecules. The two-dimensional {[Ag(bpp)](+)}(n) cationic and {[(nds)·2H(2)O](2-)}(n) anionic layers are assembled into a three-dimensional supramolecular framework through long secondary coordination Ag···O interactions between the sulfonate O atoms and Ag(I) centres and through nonclassical C-H···O hydrogen bonds.