RESUMO
This study aimed to investigate whether the developmental changes in glucose metabolism were associated with insulin signaling in the middle and later stages of goose embryos. Serum and liver were sampled on embryonic day 19, 22, 25, 28, and day of hatchment, with 30 eggs at each sampling time point, and 6 replicates of 5 embryos. The embryonic growth traits, serum glucose, hormone levels, and the hepatic mRNA expressions of target genes related to glucose metabolism and insulin signaling were measured at each time point. Relative body weight, relative liver weight, and relative body length decreased linearly and quadratically from embryonic day 19 to day of hatchment, while relative yolk weight decreased linearly from embryonic day 19 to day of hatchment. Serum glucose, insulin, and free triiodothyronine levels increased linearly with increasing incubation time, while no differences were observed in serum glucagon and free thyroxine levels. The hepatic mRNA expression related to glucose catabolism (hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate kinase) and insulin signaling (insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate protein, Src homology collagen protein, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70 ku) increased quadratically from embryonic day 19 to day of hatchment. The expression of citrate synthase and isocitrate dehydrogenase mRNA decreased linearly and quadratically respectively from embryonic day 19 to day of hatchment. Serum glucose levels were positively related to serum insulin (r = 1.00) and free triiodothyronine (r = 0.90) levels, as well as the hepatic mRNA expression of insulin receptor (r = 1.00), insulin receptor substrate protein (r = 0.64), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (r = 0.81), and ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70 ku (r = 0.81) related to insulin signaling. In conclusion, glucose catabolism was enhanced and had positive correlations with the insulin signaling in the middle and later stages of geese embryogenesis.
Assuntos
Gansos , Insulina , Animais , Insulina/metabolismo , Gansos/metabolismo , Receptor de Insulina/genética , Receptor de Insulina/metabolismo , Tri-Iodotironina , Proteínas Substratos do Receptor de Insulina/metabolismo , Galinhas/genética , Óvulo/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinases S6 Ribossômicas/metabolismo , Glucose/metabolismo , MAP Quinases Reguladas por Sinal Extracelular/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/genéticaRESUMO
Five norisoprenoids were isolated from the green marine alga Ulva lactuca. Two new compounds were assigned to (3R,5R,6R,7E)3,5,6-trihydroxy-7-megastigmen-9-one (1) and (3S,5R,6S,7E)3,5,6-trihydroxy-7-megastigmen-9-one (2). The structures and absolute configurations of the five compounds were determined by analyses of NMR, MS and circular dichroism (CD).
Assuntos
Norisoprenoides/isolamento & purificação , Ulva/química , Dicroísmo Circular , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Espectrometria de Massas , Norisoprenoides/químicaRESUMO
A new triterpene glycoside, rollentoside A, has been isolated from Asterias rollentoni Bell and identified as 3beta-O-{3-O-methyl-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->3)-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-O-beta-D-quinopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl}-16-beta-acetoxy-23S-acetoxy-holost-7-ene (1), together with a new natural product, rollentoside B (2). The structures of compounds1 and 2 were elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR investigation (1H-1H COSY, TOCSY, HSQC, HMBC, NOESY).