RESUMO
Fractures of the petrous part of the temporal bone are a common lesion of the base of the skull; most of these fractures result from high-energy trauma. In patients with multiple trauma, these injuries can be detected on CT scans of the head and neck, where the direct and indirect signs are usually sufficient to establish the diagnosis. It is important to these fractures because the temporal bone has critical structures and the complexity of this region increases the risk of error unless special care is taken. This article reviews the key anatomical points, the systematization of the imaging findings, and the classifications used for temporal bone fracture. We emphasize the usefulness of identifying and describing the findings in relation to important structures in this region, of looking for unseen fractures suspected through indirect signs, and of identifying anatomical structures that can simulate fractures. We point out that the classical classifications of these fractures are less useful, although they continue to be used for treatment decisions.
Assuntos
Osso Petroso/lesões , Fraturas Cranianas/classificação , Fraturas Cranianas/diagnóstico por imagem , Cóclea/diagnóstico por imagem , Cóclea/lesões , Orelha/anatomia & histologia , Orelha/diagnóstico por imagem , Meato Acústico Externo/diagnóstico por imagem , Meato Acústico Externo/lesões , Ossículos da Orelha/diagnóstico por imagem , Ossículos da Orelha/lesões , Nervo Facial/anatomia & histologia , Nervo Facial/diagnóstico por imagem , Traumatismos do Nervo Facial/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Osso Petroso/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas Cranianas/complicações , Avaliação de Sintomas , Osso Temporal/anatomia & histologia , Osso Temporal/diagnóstico por imagem , Osso Temporal/lesõesRESUMO
La parálisis del nervio facial o del VII par craneal, es una de las neuropatías más frecuentes. Se describe el caso de un paciente con parálisis facial periférica bilateral, secundaria a conmoción cerebral con fractura de base de cráneo y fractura temporal, a quien se le realizó tratamiento médico con esteroides sin mejoría, por lo que se decidió hacerle descompresión quirúrgica del nervio facial, con posterior resolución del cuadro clínico.
Facial nerve palsy is one of the most common neuropathies. The case of a bilateral facial nerve palsy is presented, secondary to cerebral commotion, cranial base and temporal fractures and was initiated on steroids with no signs of improvement, then a surgical decompression of the facial nerve was carried out with subsequent resolution of symptoms.