RESUMO
Actinobaculum schaalii is a rarely reported, anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium which role as uropathogen is emerging. We report here the case of a 47 year old HIV-1 infected woman presented with five recurrent episodes of obstructive pyelonephritis in the context of multiple renal stones. No bacteria was found until the fifth episode, during which prolonged urinary cultures as well as 16S rDNA sequencing allowed the diagnosis of A. schaalii infection. She had developed a life-threatening condition with severe renal failure. A right nephrectomy was performed and found that the intrarenal stones were attributed to the antiretroviral therapy. The renal parenchyma corresponded to an end-stage renal disease with chronic pyelonephritis without abcesses or granules. The situation improved after six months of amoxicillin therapy.
Assuntos
Actinomycetaceae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico por imagem , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Hepatite C/complicações , Pielonefrite/diagnóstico por imagem , Actinomycetaceae/genética , Infecções por Actinomycetales/complicações , Infecções por Actinomycetales/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Actinomycetales/cirurgia , Amoxicilina/uso terapêutico , Coinfecção , DNA Bacteriano/química , DNA Bacteriano/genética , DNA Ribossômico/química , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Feminino , Humanos , Rim/patologia , Cálculos Renais , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pielonefrite/complicações , Pielonefrite/tratamento farmacológico , Pielonefrite/cirurgia , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Recidiva , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
Macrolide and rifampin resistance developed on a horse breeding farm after widespread use was instituted for treatment of subclinical pulmonary lesions in foals. Resistance occurred in 6 (24%) of 25 pretreatment and 8 (62%) of 13 (62%) posttreatment isolates from affected foals. Drug-resistant isolates formed 2 distinct genotypic clusters.
Assuntos
Infecções por Actinomycetales/veterinária , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Doenças dos Cavalos/microbiologia , Macrolídeos/farmacologia , Pneumonia Bacteriana/veterinária , Rhodococcus equi/efeitos dos fármacos , Rifampina/farmacologia , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções por Actinomycetales/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Actinomycetales/microbiologia , Animais , Infecções Assintomáticas , Cruzamento , Genes Bacterianos , Doenças dos Cavalos/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças dos Cavalos/tratamento farmacológico , Cavalos , Kentucky , Tipagem Molecular , Filogenia , Pneumonia Bacteriana/diagnóstico por imagem , Pneumonia Bacteriana/tratamento farmacológico , Sequências Repetitivas de Ácido Nucleico/genética , Rhodococcus equi/genética , Rhodococcus equi/isolamento & purificação , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This retrospective study aimed to describe clinical manifestations, diagnostic options, radiological features, therapeutic plans and outcomes for cats infected with Rhodococcus equi. METHODS: Forty cats aged between 2 months and 11 years old (median 6 months) that were definitively diagnosed with rhodococcosis between 2012 and 2018 were recruited in this study. Medical records were reviewed for information on signalment, history, clinical presentation, diagnostic testing, treatment plans and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Of the 40 cats, 36 showed the pulmonary form of the disease, with 35 (87.5%) presenting with dyspnoea, while four cats presented with only cutaneous lesions. Mean body temperature was 38.7 ± 0.2°C. Dyspnoea was noted in 87.5% of the cats. Leukocytosis (58.3%) with band neutrophilia (83.3%), monocytosis (58.3%) and thrombocytopenia (55.5%) were prominent findings in the haematology reports. Hyperproteinaemia (61.1%) with hypoalbuminaemia (22.2%) and hyperglobulinaemia (63.8%) with a low albumin:globulin ratio (38.9%) were prominent features of blood biochemistry reports. An alveolar-interstitial pattern was noted in 75% of pre-thoracocentesis radiographs. Pleural effusion, hepatomegaly, thoracic lymphadenopathy and atelectasis of any lung lobe were seen in 88.9%, 75%, 41.7% and 36.1% of cats, respectively. Overall, the mortality rate was 67.5% in both forms. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Clinicians should be aware that feline rhodococcosis manifests as a pulmonary disease at a much higher rate than previously reported. Further studies are required to address the epidemiology, pathophysiology, disease management and prognosis of feline rhodococcosis. The role of immunosuppression as a predisposing factor in feline rhodococcosis requires further investigation.
Assuntos
Infecções por Actinomycetales/veterinária , Doenças do Gato/diagnóstico por imagem , Pneumopatias/veterinária , Rhodococcus equi/fisiologia , Dermatopatias Bacterianas/veterinária , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções por Actinomycetales/microbiologia , Infecções por Actinomycetales/patologia , Animais , Doenças do Gato/microbiologia , Doenças do Gato/patologia , Gatos , Feminino , Pneumopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Pneumopatias/microbiologia , Pneumopatias/patologia , Malásia , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Dermatopatias Bacterianas/diagnóstico por imagem , Dermatopatias Bacterianas/microbiologia , Dermatopatias Bacterianas/patologiaRESUMO
Two uncommon presentations of Arcanobacterium Haemolyticum infection (sinusitis and pharyngitis) are described, emphasizing the poor response to commonly used antibiotics and the possibility of serious local and systemic complications. The difficulties still encountered in the clinical diagnosis are underlined, since this organism could easily pass unrecognized in bacteriological cultures.
Assuntos
Infecções por Actinomycetales/microbiologia , Rinorreia de Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/microbiologia , Actinomycetales , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções por Actinomycetales/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Betametasona/uso terapêutico , Ceftriaxona/uso terapêutico , Rinorreia de Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/diagnóstico por imagem , Rinorreia de Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Humanos , Injeções Intramusculares , Masculino , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Intramyocardial abscesses are rare in cattle and may lead to unspecific clinical signs. This case report describes the clinical and echocardiographic findings in an 8 year old Brown Swiss cow presented with an intramural myocardial abscess. The main clinical findings were anorexia, drop in milk yield, fever, tachycardia, and hyperfibrinogenemia. Neither heart murmurs nor cardiac arrhythmias were present on auscultation. Transthoracic echocardiographic examination revealed a prominent intramural mass embedded in the left ventricular free wall and bulging into the lumen of the left ventricle. Diagnosis was confirmed at necropsy. A culture of the abscess grew Trueperella pyogenes.
Assuntos
Abscesso/veterinária , Actinomycetaceae , Infecções por Actinomycetales/veterinária , Doenças dos Bovinos/diagnóstico por imagem , Ecocardiografia/veterinária , Endocardite Bacteriana/veterinária , Abscesso/diagnóstico por imagem , Abscesso/microbiologia , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico por imagem , Animais , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Endocardite Bacteriana/diagnóstico por imagem , Endocardite Bacteriana/microbiologia , FemininoRESUMO
There is currently no licensed vaccine that protects foals against Rhodococcus equi-induced pneumonia. Oral administration of live, virulent R. equi to neonatal foals has been demonstrated to protect against subsequent intrabronchial challenge with virulent R. equi. Electron beam (eBeam)-inactivated R. equi are structurally intact and have been demonstrated to be immunogenic when administered orally to neonatal foals. Thus, we investigated whether eBeam inactivated R. equi could protect foals against developing pneumonia after experimental infection with live, virulent R. equi. Foals (n = 8) were vaccinated by gavaging with eBeam-inactivated R. equi at ages 2, 7, and 14 days, or gavaged with equal volume of saline solution (n = 4), and subsequently infected intrabronchially with live, virulent R. equi at age 21 days. The proportion of vaccinated foals that developed pneumonia following challenge was similar among the vaccinated (7/8; 88%) and unvaccinated foals (3/4; 75%). This vaccination regimen did not appear to be strongly immunogenic in foals. Alternative dosing regimens or routes of administration need further investigation and may prove to be immunogenic and protective.
Assuntos
Infecções por Actinomycetales/veterinária , Brônquios/microbiologia , Elétrons , Doenças dos Cavalos/imunologia , Rhodococcus equi/fisiologia , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico por imagem , Administração Oral , Animais , Formação de Anticorpos/imunologia , Especificidade de Anticorpos/imunologia , Doenças dos Cavalos/diagnóstico por imagem , Cavalos , Imunidade Celular , Imunoglobulina G/metabolismo , Interferon gama/biossíntese , Leucócitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Nariz/imunologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Ultrassonografia , Vacinação/veterinária , VirulênciaRESUMO
Diffuse pulmonary infiltrates represent a common problem encountered by pulmonologists. The differential diagnosis is extensive and includes infectious, inflammatory, environmental and malignant conditions. Appropriate evaluation, aside from a thorough history and physical examination, includes serologic, radiographic and procedural elements. We describe a case of a healthy male with diffuse pulmonary infiltrates. Work up revealed a novel infectious etiology. Although this particular microorganism has been described to cause native valve endocarditis, recurrent breast abscesses, osteomyelitis and bacteremia, it has to date not been described as a cause for community acquired pneumonia in immunocompetent hosts.
Assuntos
Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/microbiologia , Bactéria Gordonia/isolamento & purificação , Pneumonia/diagnóstico por imagem , Pneumonia/microbiologia , Infecções por Actinomycetales/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Actinomycetales/microbiologia , Adulto , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/microbiologia , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/tratamento farmacológico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Imunocompetência , Levofloxacino/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Pneumonia/tratamento farmacológico , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The aim of this study was to describe the high-resolution CT scan findings in five patients with AIDS and pulmonary infection due to Rhodococcus equi. The study included five patients with AIDS and proven R. equi infection. The CT scans were reviewed by two observers. The patients included four men and one woman ranging from 39 years to 49 years in age (mean 42 years). The findings included areas of consolidation (n=5) with single (n=1) or multiple cavitation (n=4), ground-glass opacities (n=5), centrilobular nodules (n=3), small centrilobular nodular opacities (n=3) and "tree in bud" opacities (n=3). None of the patients had pleural effusion or lymph node enlargement. The most common high-resolution CT manifestations of R. equi infection consist of areas of consolidation with cavitation, ground-glass opacities, nodules and a tree-in-bud pattern.
Assuntos
Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico por imagem , Pneumopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Rhodococcus equi , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/complicações , Infecções por Actinomycetales/complicações , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Pneumopatias/complicações , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
A 3-month-old female Arabian horse was evaluated because of fever, respiratory distress, lethargy, and decreased appetite of 5 days' duration. Pleural effusion was diagnosed on the basis of ultrasonographic and radiographic examinations. Cytologic examination of pleural fluid collected via thoracocentesis revealed septic inflammation; bacteriologic culture of a sample of that fluid yielded Rhodococcus equi. A large intra-abdominal mass adjacent to the body wall was identified ultrasonographically. A specimen of the mass was collected via aspiration; the specimen was identified cytologically as purulent exudate that contained large numbers of rod-shaped bacteria, which confirmed abdominal abscess formation. Bacteriologic culture of a sample of the exudate also yielded R. equi. The foal was treated with azithromycin (10 mg/kg [4.5 mg/lb], PO, q 24 h for 5 days then q 48 h) and rifampin (5 mg/kg [2.3 mg/lb], PO, q 12 h) for 8 weeks and metronidazole (15 mg/kg [6.8 mg/lb], PO, q 8 h) for 3 weeks. Clinically, the foal responded to antimicrobial treatment within 2 weeks. At 8 weeks after the initial evaluation, ultrasonographic examination of the foal revealed resolution of the pleural effusion and abdominal abscess. In foals, R. equi infection typically results in pyogranulomatous pneumonia, and pleural effusion is an uncommon clinical sign. The combination of azithromycin and rifampin appears to be an effective treatment for R. equi infection in foals.
Assuntos
Abscesso Abdominal/veterinária , Infecções por Actinomycetales/veterinária , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Doenças dos Cavalos/diagnóstico , Pneumonia Bacteriana/veterinária , Rhodococcus equi , Abscesso Abdominal/diagnóstico , Abscesso Abdominal/diagnóstico por imagem , Abscesso Abdominal/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções por Actinomycetales/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Azitromicina/uso terapêutico , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Feminino , Doenças dos Cavalos/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças dos Cavalos/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças dos Cavalos/microbiologia , Cavalos , Pneumonia Bacteriana/diagnóstico , Pneumonia Bacteriana/diagnóstico por imagem , Pneumonia Bacteriana/tratamento farmacológico , Rhodococcus equi/efeitos dos fármacos , Rhodococcus equi/isolamento & purificação , Rifampina/uso terapêutico , Resultado do Tratamento , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Two patients seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and with no previous acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining conditions developed cavitary pneumonia and pleural disease caused by Rhodococcus equi. R. equi was isolated from these patients' sputum and lung biopsy specimens, respectively, but the microorganism was initially considered to be a contaminant (patient 1) or misidentified as a nontuberculous mycobacterium (patient 2). The R. equi infection was fatal in one patient, who died after 4 months without specific antimicrobial therapy; the second patient was unresponsive to combination therapy with various antimicrobial agents. R. equi may cause life-threatening infections in HIV-infected patients. Microbiology laboratories should be cognizant of the need to exclude R. equi as a cause of infection in highly immunosuppressed patients.
Assuntos
Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/diagnóstico , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico , Soropositividade para HIV , Pneumonia/diagnóstico , Rhodococcus equi/isolamento & purificação , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/patologia , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções por Actinomycetales/patologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Pulmão/microbiologia , Pulmão/patologia , Masculino , Pneumonia/microbiologia , Radiografia TorácicaRESUMO
Infection with Rhodococcus equi has been reported as an occasional cause of cavitary pneumonia in severely immunocompromised patients, including those with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). We report two cases of R equi pneumonia presenting in one month in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who had not previously had an opportunistic infection. The clinical and radiographic manifestations of the disease are distinctive and should suggest the diagnosis. R equi pneumonia in a person with HIV infection should be considered diagnostic of AIDS. Recognition of this entity is important since antibiotic therapy is different from that conventionally used in pneumonias in AIDS patients and must be prolonged.
Assuntos
Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/complicações , Infecções por Actinomycetales/etiologia , Pneumonia/etiologia , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Homossexualidade , Humanos , Masculino , Pneumonia/diagnóstico por imagem , Radiografia , Rhodococcus/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
A 34-year-old HIV-infected man was successfully treated with antimicrobial therapy alone for Rhodococcus equi pneumonia and has survived longer than six months. In the current literature, only two of seven HIV-infected patients so treated have survived as long as six months. Based on our experience and the available literature, it seems reasonable to treat HIV-infected patients with R equi pneumonia who do not require surgical intervention with prolonged intravenous therapy followed by long-term oral therapy with at least two effective antibiotics. The optimal choice and duration of antibiotic therapy need to be determined.
Assuntos
Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Actinomycetales/tratamento farmacológico , Pneumonia/tratamento farmacológico , Rhodococcus , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções por Actinomycetales/complicações , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Humanos , Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Pneumonia/complicações , Pneumonia/diagnóstico por imagem , RadiografiaRESUMO
We describe a case of pulmonary malacoplakia and Rhodococcus equi cavitary pneumonia in a patient with AIDS. The relationship between Rhodococcus equi, a rare bacterial human pathogen, and malacoplakia, an unusual type of chronic granulomatous inflammation, is discussed.
Assuntos
Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/complicações , Infecções por Actinomycetales/complicações , Pneumopatias/complicações , Malacoplasia/complicações , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções por Actinomycetales/patologia , Adulto , Humanos , Pneumopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Pneumopatias/patologia , Malacoplasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Malacoplasia/patologia , Masculino , Pneumonia/complicações , Pneumonia/diagnóstico por imagem , Pneumonia/patologia , Radiografia , RhodococcusRESUMO
Rhodococcus equi, formerly known as Corynebacterium equi, was isolated repeatedly from the blood of two patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Neither of the patients had pneumonia while they were bacteraemic, whereas pneumonia has been present in all previously reported cases of human infection with R equi. One of our patients had diarrhoea and the organism was isolated from a stool culture; the other patient had a large granulomatous soft tissue mass in his pelvis caused by R equi. Both isolates were resistant to penicillin and one produced a beta-lactamase. Both patients were treated with vancomycin but only one recovered.
Assuntos
Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/complicações , Infecções por Actinomycetales/complicações , Sepse/complicações , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pelve/diagnóstico por imagem , Rhodococcus , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Rhodococcus equi (R. equi) has been reported as an occasional cause of pulmonary infection in severely immunocompromised hosts, including AIDS patients. Our purpose is to describe the radiologic findings in two AIDS patients with R. equi pneumonia. Chest radiographs showed right-upper-lobe consolidation and cavitation in both patients. Chest CT confirmed upper mediastinal involvement and precarinal lymphadenopathy in both cases. Multiple lung nodules related to the bronchi were also identified in one patient. In an AIDS patient from a rural area or with exposure to horses, the possibility of R. equi infection should be considered when cavitary pneumonia is present, even if there is mediastinal involvement and/or lymphadenopathy, or if multiple lung nodules are also present.
Assuntos
Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico por imagem , Pneumonia Bacteriana/diagnóstico por imagem , Rhodococcus equi , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Radiografia Torácica , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
The clinical and pathological features of an unusual crippling bone disease in an adult male Pygmy Hog, Sus salvanius, born the smallest in a litter of five and representing the rarest of the known living Suidae, are described. Radiological studies revealed severe spondylosis deformans and focal sharply demarcated radiolucencies in virtually the whole skeleton, but particularly in the bones of the skull, the processes of multiple vertebrae, the ribs, scapulae and parts of the humeri and femora. The clinical chemistry measurements were indicative of pathological lytic processes in the skeleton. The focal bone lesions consisted of caseous necrosis, dystrophic calcification and peripheral fibroblastic demarcation. They contained colonies of filamentous bacteria identified as members of the Order Actinomycetales. Case history evidence suggests that the infection may have resulted from repeated skin trauma inflicted by litter-mates.
Assuntos
Infecções por Actinomycetales/veterinária , Doenças Ósseas/veterinária , Vértebras Lombares , Doenças Musculares/veterinária , Osteofitose Vertebral/veterinária , Doenças dos Suínos/patologia , Porco Miniatura , Vértebras Torácicas , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções por Actinomycetales/patologia , Animais , Doenças Ósseas/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Ósseas/patologia , Membro Posterior , Masculino , Doenças Musculares/patologia , Radiografia , Osteofitose Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Osteofitose Vertebral/patologia , SuínosRESUMO
We report a rare case of actinomycetoma of the foot (madura foot) due to Actinomadura madurae in a patient living in a Temperate Zone country. Plain radiographs and MRI imaging were useful in establishing the diagnosis.
Assuntos
Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico por imagem , Micetoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções por Actinomycetales/patologia , Adulto , Doença Crônica , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Micetoma/patologia , Osteomielite/diagnóstico por imagem , Osteomielite/microbiologia , Osteomielite/patologia , RadiografiaRESUMO
The effect of prior Rhodococcus equi-induced pneumonia on pulmonary health was investigated in 5 horses (< 24 months old) using endoscopy, radiography, hematologic and bronchoalveolar lavage analyses, and pulmonary function testing. Rhodococcus equi-induced pneumonia had been diagnosed in principal horses when they were foals. Diagnosis was based on positive results of transtracheal aspiration and thoracic radiography at the time of initial clinical examination. Results of reevaluation of the respiratory system of these horses (R+) were compared with those of 5 age-matched healthy horses (R-) that lacked clinical or historical evidence of foalhood pneumonia. Significant differences in variables between the 2 groups of horses were not evident. In both groups, most horses had radiographic evidence of an accentuated bronchointerstitial pattern, although results of analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage specimens were normal and mononuclear cells predominated. Variability in results of the pulmonary function tests was observed within the between the 2 groups of horses. Only normalized dynamic lung compliance was slightly lower in the previously infected horses, but this difference was not significant. We concluded that horses previously infected with and successfully treated for R equi-induced pneumonia do not have detectable evidence of residual lung damage.
Assuntos
Infecções por Actinomycetales/veterinária , Doenças dos Cavalos , Pulmão/fisiopatologia , Pneumonia/veterinária , Rhodococcus equi , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções por Actinomycetales/fisiopatologia , Animais , Feminino , Cavalos , Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Pneumonia/diagnóstico por imagem , Pneumonia/fisiopatologia , Radiografia Torácica/veterinária , Testes de Função Respiratória/veterináriaRESUMO
We describe foot infection associated with Arcanobacterium pyogenes in three adult male free-living fallow deer (Dama dama) from Sueve Regional Hunting Reserve (Principality of Asturias, Spain). Affected fallow deer were culled in November 1997 and 1998 during the hunting season. Necropsy, radiography, and microbiologic analysis were carried out for each animal. Unilateral swelling of one extremity at the coronary band was observed in all three cases. Areas of bone loss, severe periosteal reaction, and soft tissue swelling were seen on radiography. Lead fragments were observed in one fallow deer. Seven bacterial species were isolated, but only Arcanobacterium pyogenes was routinely found. Weather conditions in the area (mild temperatures and high humidity), the land (alternating pasture land and rock), the animal population density (both fallow deer and domestic herds of cows, horses, sheep, and goats, live side by side in the same areas), and hunting activities could be related to the frequency of these infections.
Assuntos
Actinomycetaceae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Actinomycetales/veterinária , Cervos/microbiologia , Casco e Garras/microbiologia , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções por Actinomycetales/patologia , Animais , Evolução Fatal , Masculino , Radiografia , EspanhaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether physical examination, laboratory, or radiographic abnormalities in foals with Rhodococcus equi infection were associated with survival, ability to race at least once after recovery, or, for foals that survived and went on to race, subsequent racing performance. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 49 Thoroughbreds and 66 Standardbreds admitted to 1 of 6 veterinary teaching hospitals between 1984 and 1992 in which R equi infection was positively diagnosed. PROCEDURE: Results of physical examination, laboratory testing, and thoracic radiography were reviewed. Indices of racing performance were obtained for foals that recovered and eventually raced and compared with values for the US racing population. RESULTS: 83 (72%) foals survived. Foals that did not survive were more likely to have extreme tachycardia (heart rate > 100 beats/min), be in respiratory distress, and have severe radiographic abnormalities on thoracic radiographs at the time of initial examination than were foals that survived. Clinicopathologic abnormalities were not associated with whether foals did or did not survive. Forty-five of the 83 surviving foals (54%) eventually raced at least once, but none of the factors examined was associated with whether foals went on to race. Racing performance of foals that raced as adults was not significantly different from that of the US racing population. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: R equi infection in foals is associated with a decreased chance of racing as an adult; however, foals that eventually go on to race perform comparably to the US racing population.