Discovery of potent, selective 4-fluoroproline-based thrombin inhibitors with improved metabolic stability.
Bioorg Med Chem
; 14(20): 6900-16, 2006 Oct 15.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-16870455
ABSTRACT
Previous reports from our laboratories described potent tripeptide thrombin inhibitors which incorporate heterocycle-substituted chlorophenyl groups in the P1 position. Using these as lead compounds for further optimization, we identified sites of metabolism and designed analogs with 4-fluoroproline in P2 and cyclopropane-containing side chains in P3 as an approach to reducing metabolism and improving their oral pharmacokinetic performance. The large (300-fold) difference in potency between analogs containing (4R)- and (4S)-4-fluoroproline was rationalized by analyzing inhibitor-enzyme interactions in crystal structures of related compounds and by molecular modeling which indicated that the more potent (4R)-4-fluoroproline isomer stabilizes a proline ring conformation that is preferred for binding to the enzyme. An optimal compound from this work, 41, exhibits high potency in a coagulation assay in human plasma (2xAPTT=190 nM), excellent selectivity versus the digestive enzyme trypsin (K(i)=3300 nM), and excellent oral bioavailability in dogs with moderate clearance (F=100%, CL=12 mL/min/kg).
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Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Prolina
/
Trombina
/
Inhibidores Enzimáticos
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Bioorg Med Chem
Asunto de la revista:
BIOQUIMICA
/
QUIMICA
Año:
2006
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos