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Recent advances in the detection of specific natural organic compounds as carriers for radionuclides in soil and water environments, with examples of radioiodine and plutonium.
Santschi, P H; Xu, C; Zhang, S; Schwehr, K A; Lin, P; Yeager, C M; Kaplan, D I.
Afiliación
  • Santschi PH; Texas A&M-Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA. Electronic address: santschi@tamug.edu.
  • Xu C; Texas A&M-Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.
  • Zhang S; Texas A&M-Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.
  • Schwehr KA; Texas A&M-Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.
  • Lin P; Texas A&M-Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.
  • Yeager CM; Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.
  • Kaplan DI; Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC, USA.
J Environ Radioact ; 171: 226-233, 2017 May.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28286302
ABSTRACT
Among the key environmental factors influencing the fate and transport of radionuclides in the environment is natural organic matter (NOM). While this has been known for decades, there still remains great uncertainty in predicting NOM-radionuclide interactions because of lack of understanding of radionuclide interactions with the specific organic moieties within NOM. Furthermore, radionuclide-NOM studies conducted using modelled organic compounds or elevated radionuclide concentrations provide compromised information related to true environmental conditions. Thus, sensitive techniques are required not only for the detection of radionuclides, and their different species, at ambient and/or far-field concentrations, but also for potential trace organic compounds that are chemically binding these radionuclides. GC-MS and AMS techniques developed in our lab are reviewed here that aim to assess how two radionuclides, iodine and plutonium, form strong bonds with NOM by entirely different mechanisms; iodine tends to bind to aromatic functionalities, whereas plutonium binds to N-containing hydroxamate siderophores at ambient concentrations. While low-level measurements are a prerequisite for assessing iodine and plutonium migration at nuclear waste sites and as environmental tracers, it is necessary to determine their in-situ speciation, which ultimately controls their mobility and transport in natural environments. More importantly, advanced molecular-level instrumentation (e.g., nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance coupled with electrospray ionization (ESI-FTICRMS) were applied to resolve either directly or indirectly the molecular environments in which the radionuclides are associated with the NOM.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Banco de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Contaminantes Radiactivos / Monitoreo de Radiación / Plutonio / Radioisótopos de Yodo Tipo de estudio: Diagnostic_studies / Prognostic_studies Idioma: En Revista: J Environ Radioact Asunto de la revista: SAUDE AMBIENTAL Año: 2017 Tipo del documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Banco de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Contaminantes Radiactivos / Monitoreo de Radiación / Plutonio / Radioisótopos de Yodo Tipo de estudio: Diagnostic_studies / Prognostic_studies Idioma: En Revista: J Environ Radioact Asunto de la revista: SAUDE AMBIENTAL Año: 2017 Tipo del documento: Article