ALP, Alkaline Phosphatase; APH, Anodization-Cyclic Precalcification-Heat Treatment; Ag2O NPs, Silver Oxide Nanoparticles; AgNPs, Silver Nanoparticles; Anodization; BIC, Bone-Implant Contact; Bioassays; CAGR, Compound Annual Growth Rate; CT, Computed Tomography; DMF, Dimethylformamide; DMSO, Dimethyl Sulfoxide; DRI, Drug-Releasing Implants; E. Coli, Escherichia Coli; ECs, Endothelial Cells; EG, Ethylene Glycol; Electrochemistry; FA, Formamide; Fe2+, Ferrous Ion; Fe3+, Ferric Ion; Fe3O4, Magnetite; GEP, Gene Expression Programming; GO, Graphene Oxide; HA, Hydroxyapatite; HObs, Human Osteoblasts; HfO2 NTs, Hafnium Oxide Nanotubes; IMCs, Intermetallic Compounds; LEDs, Light emitting diodes; MEMS, Microelectromechanical Systems; MONs, Mixed Oxide Nanotubes; MOPSO, Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization; MSCs, Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Mixed oxide nanotubes; NMF, N-methylformamide; Nanomedicine; OPC1, Osteo-Precursor Cell Line; PSIs, Patient-Specific Implants; PVD, Physical Vapor Deposition; RF, Radio-Frequency; ROS, Radical Oxygen Species; S. aureus, Staphylococcus Aureus; S. epidermidis, Staphylococcus Epidermidis; SBF, Simulated Body Fluid; TiO2 NTs, Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes; V2O5, Vanadium Pentoxide; VSMCs, Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells; XPS, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy; ZrO2 NTs, Zirconium Dioxide Nanotubes; hASCs, Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells