Cilia, ciliopathies and hedgehog-related forebrain developmental disorders.
Neurobiol Dis
; 150: 105236, 2021 03.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33383187
ABSTRACT
Development of the forebrain critically depends on the Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway, as illustrated in humans by the frequent perturbation of this pathway in holoprosencephaly, a condition defined as a defect in the formation of midline structures of the forebrain and face. The Shh pathway requires functional primary cilia, microtubule-based organelles present on virtually every cell and acting as cellular antennae to receive and transduce diverse chemical, mechanical or light signals. The dysfunction of cilia in humans leads to inherited diseases called ciliopathies, which often affect many organs and show diverse manifestations including forebrain malformations for the most severe forms. The purpose of this review is to provide the reader with a framework to understand the developmental origin of the forebrain defects observed in severe ciliopathies with respect to perturbations of the Shh pathway. We propose that many of these defects can be interpreted as an imbalance in the ratio of activator to repressor forms of the Gli transcription factors, which are effectors of the Shh pathway. We also discuss the complexity of ciliopathies and their relationships with forebrain disorders such as holoprosencephaly or malformations of cortical development, and emphasize the need for a closer examination of forebrain defects in ciliopathies, not only through the lens of animal models but also taking advantage of the increasing potential of the research on human tissues and organoids.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Encéfalo
/
Cilios
/
Prosencéfalo
/
Anomalías Craneofaciales
/
Proteínas Hedgehog
/
Ciliopatías
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Neurobiol Dis
Asunto de la revista:
NEUROLOGIA
Año:
2021
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
España