Waist circumference and menopausal status are independent predictors of endothelial low-grade inflammation.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) seems to be associated with the presence of atherosclerosis. The association between menopause-related changes in endogenous sex hormones and hs-CRP levels remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: To compare the levels of hs-CRP in pre- and postmenopausal women and to evaluate the association of endogenous sex hormones, waist circumference (WC) and insulin resistance with the levels of hs-CRP. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 145 women (age range 45-65 years), 56 premenopausal and 89 postmenopausal. Patients were evaluated for hormonal and lipid profile, HOMA-IR, hs-CRP and WC. Each variable was first assessed for correlation with log hs-CRP using a univariate model, and significant variables were then added to the multivariate regression model. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The hs-CRP is higher in postmenopausal patients (3.6 ± 4.9 versus 2.6 ± 3.7, p = 0.004). The log hs-CRP was positively correlated with WC (r = 0.13, p = 0.005), HOMA-IR (r = 0.29, p = 0.001), and triglycerides (r = 0.50, p = 0.01). The menopausal status (p = 0.02) and WC (p = 0.00003) behaved as independent predictors of hs-CRP levels. No correlation was found between hs-CRP and the time since menopause (r = -0.1, p = 0.58). CONCLUSIONS: The hs-CRP is higher in postmenopausal patients. The menopausal status and WC were independently associated with hs-CRP levels in this sample of pre and postmenopausal women.