Levels and Determinants of DDT and DDE Exposure in the VHEMBE Cohort.
Environ Health Perspect
; 125(7): 077006, 2017 07 07.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-28696207
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Although indoor residual spraying (IRS) is an effective tool for malaria control, its use contributes to high insecticide exposure in sprayed communities and raises concerns about possible unintended health effects.OBJECTIVE:
The Venda Health Examination of Mothers, Babies and their Environment (VHEMBE) is a birth cohort study initiated in 2012 to characterize prenatal exposure to IRS insecticides and exposures' impacts on child health and development in rural South Africa.METHODS:
In this report, we describe the VHEMBE cohort and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) serum concentrations measured in VHEMBE mothers when they presented for delivery. In addition, we applied a causal inference framework to estimate the potential reduction in population-level p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE serum concentrations under five hypothetical interventions. A total of 751 mothers were enrolled.RESULTS:
Serum concentrations of p,p' isomers of DDT and DDE were above the limit of detection (LOD) in ≥98% of the samples, whereas the o,p' isomers were above the LOD in at least 80% of the samples. Median (interquartile range) p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE serum concentrations for VHEMBE cohort participants were 55.3 (19.0-259.3) and 242.2 (91.8-878.7) ng/g-lipid, respectively. Mothers reporting to have lived in a home sprayed with DDT for malaria control had ~5-7 times higher p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE serum concentrations than those who never lived in a home sprayed with DDT. Of the five potential interventions tested, we found increasing access to water significantly reduced p,p'-DDT exposure and increasing the frequency of household wet mopping significantly reduced p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE exposure.CONCLUSION:
Our findings suggest that several intervention approaches may reduce DDT/DDE exposure in pregnant women living in IRS communities. https//doi.org/10.1289/EHP353.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Exposição Materna
/
Diclorodifenil Dicloroetileno
/
DDT
/
Inseticidas
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
/
Incidence_studies
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Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adolescent
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Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Pregnancy
País/Região como assunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Environ Health Perspect
Ano de publicação:
2017
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos