Protective effect of N-acetylcysteine on fenitrothion-induced toxicity: The antioxidant status and metabolizing enzymes expression in rats.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
; 171: 502-510, 2019 Apr 30.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30639957
ABSTRACT
The existence of fenitrothion (FNT) in the soil, water, and food products has harmful effects on non-target organisms. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic and neurotoxic effects of FNT and the possible ameliorative effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a precursor of intracellular GSH, on FNT-induced toxicity. For this purpose, thirty-two adult male albino rats were allocated into control group and groups treated with NAC (200â¯mg/kg), FNT (10â¯mg/kg) and FNTâ¯+â¯NAC via gastric tube daily for 28 days. FNT intoxication significantly reduced food intake, water intake, body weight, and body weight gain and altered the expression of phase I and phase II xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes-cytochrome P450 (CYP1A1) and glutathione S-transferase (GSTA4-4). In hepatic, renal and brain tissues, FNT induced oxidative stress, hepatopathy, nephropathy, and encephalopathy, and significantly increased pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, FNT exposure significantly elevated the level of hepatic and renal injury biomarkers and significantly inhibited the brain acetylcholinesterase activity. Co-administration of NAC with FNT modulated most of these altered biochemical, oxidative and inflammatory markers and restored the xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes expression and histological structures. Our study indicated the involvement of oxidative damage, inflammation, and alteration of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes expression in FNT-induced toxicity and revealed that they were significantly improved by NAC co-treatment. These findings suggest that NAC administration might protect against FNT-induced toxicity in non-target organisms, including humans.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Acetilcisteína
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Encéfalo
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Fenitrotion
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Rim
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Fígado
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Antioxidantes
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article