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Occult hepatitis B virus infection in a Kenyan cohort of HIV infected anti-retroviral therapy naïve adults.
Salyani, Adil; Shah, Jasmit; Adam, Rodney; Otieno, George; Mbugua, Evelyn; Shah, Reena.
Afiliação
  • Salyani A; Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Shah J; Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Adam R; Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Otieno G; Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Mbugua E; Department of Medicine, Kijabe Hospital, Kijabe, Kenya.
  • Shah R; Department of Medicine, Kijabe Hospital, Kijabe, Kenya.
PLoS One ; 16(1): e0244947, 2021.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33406137
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (OBI) is a phase of HBV infection characterised by the presence of HBV DNA in the absence of detectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). OBI is of concern in the HIV-infected due to high prevalence and risk of HBV reactivation. The prevalence and clinico-demographic characteristics of OBI in anti-retroviral therapy (ART) naïve HIV infected adults in Kenya is unknown.

METHODS:

A cross sectional study carried was out at three sites in Kenya. HIV infected ART naïve adults were enrolled and demographic data collected. Blood samples were assayed for HBsAg, HBV DNA, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) and hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc). Data on CD4 count, HIV viral load and platelet count were obtained from medical records.

RESULTS:

Of 208 patients, 199 (95.7%) did not report HBV vaccination, 196 (94.2%) were HBsAg negative, 119 (57.2%) had no HBV markers, 58 (27.9%) had previous HBV infection (anti-HBc positive) and 11 (5.3%) had OBI. All 11 (100%) OBI patients were anti-HBc positive. OBI patients comprised 19.0% of HBsAg negative, anti-HBc positive patients. There was no difference in clinico-demographic characteristics between the overt HBV, OBI and HBV negative patients.

CONCLUSION:

This was the first study on OBI in ART naïve HIV infected adults in Kenya. The lower OBI prevalence compared to other sub-Saharan African countries could be attributed to lower HBV exposure. Most patients were HBV unexposed and unimmunized, outlining the need to implement guideline recommended immunization strategies.
Assuntos

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Infecções por HIV / Infecções Assintomáticas / Coinfecção / Hepatite B Tipo de estudo: Guideline / Observational_studies / Prevalence_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limite: Adult / Female / Humans / Male País/Região como assunto: Africa Idioma: En Revista: PLoS One Assunto da revista: CIENCIA / MEDICINA Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Quênia

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Infecções por HIV / Infecções Assintomáticas / Coinfecção / Hepatite B Tipo de estudo: Guideline / Observational_studies / Prevalence_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limite: Adult / Female / Humans / Male País/Região como assunto: Africa Idioma: En Revista: PLoS One Assunto da revista: CIENCIA / MEDICINA Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Quênia