A One Health Approach to Defining Animal and Human Helminth Exposure Risks in a Tribal Village in Southern India.
Am J Trop Med Hyg
; 105(1): 196-203, 2021 05 24.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34029209
ABSTRACT
The high burden of soil-transmitted helminth infections has been studied in India; however, little data exist on zoonotic helminths, and on animal-associated exposure to soil-transmitted helminths. Our study took place in the Jawadhu Hills, which is a tribal region in Tamil Nadu, India. Using a One Health approach, we included animal and environmental samples and human risk factors to answer questions about the associations among infected household soil, domestic animals, and human risk factors. Helminth eggs were identified by microscopy in animal and soil samples, and a survey about risk factors was administered to the head of the household. Contact with animals was reported in 71% of households. High levels of helminth infections were found across domestic animal species, especially in goats, chickens, and dogs. Helminth eggs were recorded in 44% of household soil (n = 43/97) and separately in 88% of soil near a water source (n = 28/32). Animal contact was associated with 4.05 higher odds of having helminth eggs in the household soil (P = 0.01), and also having a water source at the household was associated with a 0.33 lower odds of having helminth eggs in the household soil (P = 0.04). Soil moisture was a mediator of this association with a significant indirect effect (P < 0.001). The proportion mediated was 0.50. While our work does not examine transmission, these results support consideration of animal-associated exposure to STH and potentially zoonotic helminths in future interventions to reduce helminth burden. Our study provides support for further investigation of the effects of animals and animal fecal matter on human health.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Solo
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Água
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Zoonoses
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Cestoides
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Fezes
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Povos Indígenas
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Enteropatias Parasitárias
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
/
Screening_studies
Limite:
Adolescent
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Adult
/
Aged
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Aged80
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Animals
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Child
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Child, preschool
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Female
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Humans
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Infant
País/Região como assunto:
Asia
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Am J Trop Med Hyg
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article