RESUMO
Two antiseptic solutions (iodine polyvidone and chlorhexidine) were compared-in a prospective non-randomized study including 294 parturient women. This study aimed to assess their efficacy against infections through epidural catheters. All catheters were subsequently cultivated. Cultures were significantly positive in 3% of cases after iodine polyvidone and 1% after chlorhexidine decontamination (not significant). No clinical or biological infections were detected. Notwithstanding some apparently unavoidable but moderate contaminations, prevention of infections post epidural analgesia depends principally on a complete adherence to asepsia rules.
Assuntos
Anestesia Epidural , Anti-Infecciosos Locais/uso terapêutico , Infecções Bacterianas/prevenção & controle , Clorexidina/uso terapêutico , Povidona-Iodo/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Cateterismo , Espaço Epidural , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Estudos ProspectivosAssuntos
Tinha , Trichophyton/isolamento & purificação , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , França , Humanos , Masculino , Tinha/etiologiaAssuntos
Diagnóstico por Computador/instrumentação , Eosinofilia/sangue , Eosinofilia/diagnóstico , Eosinófilos , Testes Hematológicos/instrumentação , Contagem de Leucócitos/métodos , Protocolos Clínicos , Eosinofilia/etiologia , Humanos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
From February to September 1993, we have established the serotype of group B Streptococcus (GBS) taken from diverse microbiological samples, in particular from gastric liquids. The method utilized was a technic of coagglutination (Dako Group B Streptococcus Serotyping Test, France) allowing the search for serotypes Ia, Ib, II, III, IV and V. All in all, 169 samples have been tested: 117 vaginal samples, 17 diverse samples, 26 gastric samples, 3 placentas and 7 ammmiotic liquids. Serotypes are spread as follow: III (41), II (33), Ia (26) et V (23).... Usually, serotype III was the most frequently found and the most virulent, particularly in infections in neonates.
Assuntos
Líquido Amniótico/microbiologia , Suco Gástrico/microbiologia , Placenta/microbiologia , Streptococcus agalactiae/classificação , Feminino , Doenças Fetais/diagnóstico , Doenças Fetais/microbiologia , França , Unidades Hospitalares , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Gravidez , Sorotipagem , Infecções Estreptocócicas/diagnóstico , Infecções Estreptocócicas/microbiologia , Streptococcus agalactiae/isolamento & purificação , Vaginose Bacteriana/diagnóstico , Vaginose Bacteriana/microbiologiaRESUMO
A rapid commercial agglutination test (Bactigen Strepto B) for detection of group B streptococci in gastric aspirates of neonates was evaluated. One hundred and sixty-one gastric samples were analyzed with conventional bacteriological techniques and with the commercial test after modification of the extraction technique. The sensitivity of the test relative to the culture technique was 90.4%, the specificity 94.2%, the positive predictive value 70.3% and the negative predictive value 98.5%. The commercial test could be performed in one hour and showed good sensitivity and specificity. If a test result was negative colonization could be excluded, obviating the need for empirical antibiotic therapy, whereas a positive result suggested colonization or neonatal infection with group B streptococci.
Assuntos
Estômago/microbiologia , Streptococcus agalactiae/isolamento & purificação , Testes de Aglutinação , Reações Falso-Positivas , Humanos , Recém-NascidoRESUMO
During the summer 1994, six cases of airport malaria occurred in France, near the Roissy-Charles-de-Gaulle airport. Due to Plasmodium falciparum, all cases underwent rapid and severe deterioration, and in one case, the patient died. The role of laboratory tests is essential to establish the diagnosis of persons who have never resided in the endemic malaria areas and follow up with the patients already under treatment to detect possible complications.
Assuntos
Malária Falciparum/diagnóstico , Adulto , Medicina Aeroespacial , Antimaláricos/uso terapêutico , Cloroquina/uso terapêutico , Feminino , França/epidemiologia , Humanos , Malária Falciparum/sangue , Malária Falciparum/tratamento farmacológico , Malária Falciparum/epidemiologia , Masculino , Técnicas Microbiológicas , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fenantrenos/uso terapêutico , Contagem de Plaquetas , Prognóstico , Quinina/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Seven hundred and ninety six strains of pneumococcus were collected in the Centre region, from 15 laboratories, between 1st April 1999 and 31st of March 2000. Data were processed, using 4th dimension software, and concerned age, file number, consultation/hospitalisation, sample type, susceptibility to oxacillin (5 micrograms), results of the E-test for benzylpenicillin, amoxicillin, cefotaxime and results of the routine disc diffusion test. Strains with reduced susceptibility to benzylpenicillin (PRSP) were collected by the co-ordinating centre to perform MICs by the reference agar dilution test and serotyping. Out of 796 strains, 450 strains (56.7%) were categorised as PRSP and 400 of them were studied by the co-ordinating centre. Forty two percent of the samples originated from lungs, followed by 19.5% from blood samples, 15% from ear pus (85.7% PRSP) and 2.5% from CSF. Thirty nine percent of the patients were female. 36.6% were children under sixteen (70.1% PRSP) and 62.4% were adults (49.2% PRSP). Out of 400 PRSP 106 (26.5%) were characterised as resistant and 294 (73.5%) as intermediate to benzylpenicillin. Compared to the agar dilution test, 90% of the PRSP studied by E-test had a MIC value for benzylpenicillin within +/- 1 dilution. Thirty six strains of PRSP were resistant to amoxicillin (9% of the PRSP) and 10 (2.5% of the PRSP) to cefotaxime. Serotyping was done on 375 strains. The serotypes encountered were the following: 23 (26.9%), 14 (22.1%), 19 (19.5%), 6 (12.8%), 9 (9.9%) and 15 (5.1%).