Design, Synthesis, Structural Investigation and Photo Induced Biological Investigations of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) Complexes Derived from N,O Donor Schiff Bases.

A series of chelated metal complexes, [Co(LI)2] (1), [Ni(LI)2] (2), [Cu(LI)2] (3) [Co(LII)2] (4), [Ni(LII)2] (5) and [Cu(LII)2] (6) were designed and synthesized from newly synthesized Schiff bases, LI = 2-((E)-(5-(4-fluorophenyl)isoxazol-3-ylimino)methyl)-5-methylphenol and LII = 2-((E)-(5-(4-fluorophenyl)isoxazol-3-ylimino)methyl)-4-chlorophenol. The synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), electronic spectroscopy (UV-Vis), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), magnetic susceptibility (µeff), electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and powder X-ray diffraction analysis (P-XRD). The spectral investigations have been clearly suggested 1:2 (metal: ligand) stoichiometric complexes with square planar geometrical arrangement around the metal ion. The thermal gravimmetric analysis (TGA) of these complexes indicates greater thermal stability and various steps involved in thermal decomposition of metal complexes. The binding ability between these metal complexes and calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) was investigated by UV-Vis, fluorescence spectroscopy and viscometric experiments, which disclosed that, the complexes interacted to CT-DNA via an intercalation binding mode. The cleavage property of metal complexes against pBR322 DNA has been explored by gel electrophoresis technique mediated by UV-illumination and H2O2, showed momentous cleavage activity. Antioxidant activity of all complexes was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging experiment and showed prominent antioxidant activity. Further, the antibacterial and antifungal activities of all compounds were screened against bacterial and fungal strains via in-vitro disc diffusion method. These studies revealed that the complexes showed comparatively more antimicrobial activity than free ligands against tested microbial strains.

A phase II randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of Nuvastatic (C50SEW505OESA), a standardized rosmarinic acid-rich polymolecular botanical extract formulation to reduce cancer-related fatigue in patients with solid tumors.

AIM: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of Nuvastatic™ (C5OSEW5050ESA) in improving cancer-related fatigue (CRF) among cancer patients. METHODS: This multicenter randomized double-blind placebo-controlled phase 2 trial included 110 solid malignant tumor patients (stage II-IV) undergoing chemotherapy. They were randomly selected and provided oral Nuvastatic™ 1000 mg (N = 56) or placebo (N = 54) thrice daily for 9 weeks. The primary outcomes were fatigue (Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI)) and Visual Analog Scale for Fatigue (VAS-F)) scores measured before and after intervention at baseline and weeks 3, 6, and 9. The secondary outcomes were mean group difference in the vitality subscale of the Medical Outcome Scale Short Form-36 (SF-36) and urinary F2-isoprostane concentration (an oxidative stress biomarker), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group scores, adverse events, and biochemical and hematologic parameters. Analysis was performed by intention-to-treat (ITT). Primary and secondary outcomes were assessed by two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (mixed ANOVA). RESULTS: The Nuvastatic™ group exhibited an overall decreased fatigue score compared with the placebo group. Compared with the placebo group, the Nuvastatic™ group significantly reduced BFI-fatigue (BFI fatigue score, F (1.4, 147) = 16.554, p < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.333). The Nuvastatic™ group significantly reduced VAS-F fatigue (F (2, 210) = 9.534, p < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.083), improved quality of life (QoL) (F (1.2, 127.48) = 34.07, p < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.243), and lowered urinary F2-IsoP concentrations (mean difference (95% CI) = 55.57 (24.84, 86.30)), t (55) = 3.624, p < 0.001, Cohen's d (95% CI) = 0.48 (0.20, 0.75)). Reported adverse events were vomiting (0.9%), fever (5.4%), and headache (2.7%). CONCLUSION: Nuvastatic™ is potentially an effective adjuvant for CRF management in solid tumor patients and worthy of further investigation in larger trials. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrial.gov ID: NCT04546607. Study registration date (first submitted): 11-05-2020.

Eicosane: An antifungal compound derived from Streptomyces sp. KF15 exhibits inhibitory potential against major phytopathogenic fungi of crops.

In the present scenario, food security is of major concern due to exponentially increasing population and depleted crop production. The fungal diseases have contributed majorly to the scarcity of staple food products and economic loss worldwide. This problem could be tackled by preventing the crop loss during both pre and post-harvest seasons. During the current investigation, the bioactive compound eicosane was extracted from Streptomyces sp. KF15, subjected to purification and identified based on mass spectrometry and NMR analysis. The evaluation of in-vitro antifungal activity was done by poisoned food method, SEM analysis and growth pattern analysis. The bioactive compound eicosane with molecular weight of 282.5475 g/mol was purified by column chromatography and the straight chain hydrocarbon structure of CH3CH2(18)CH3 was elucidated by NMR analysis. In poisoned food assay, eicosane effectively inhibited the radial growth of all tested fungal pathogens; F. oxysporum was found to be the most sensitive with 24.2%, 33.3%, 42.4%, and 63.6% inhibition at 25-100 µg/ml concentrations. The SEM micrograph established clear differences in the morphology of eicosane treated fungi with damaged hyphae, flaccid mycelium and collapsed spores as compared to the tubular, turgid and entire fungi in control sample. Finally, the growth curve assay depicted the right side shift in the pattern of eicosane treated fungi indicating the delay in adapting to the conditions of growth and multiplication. The findings of this study encourage further research and development towards the novel antifungal drugs that can act against major phytopathogens.

Unraveling the cation dependent carrier cooling and transient mobility in lead-free A3Sb2I9 perovskites.

Lead halide perovskites (LHPs) have gained prominence for their exceptional photophysical properties, holding promise for applications in high-end optoelectronic devices. However, the presence of lead is one of the major obstacles to the commercialization of LHPs in the field of photovoltaics. To address this, researchers have explored environment friendly lead-free perovskite solar cells by investigating non-toxic perovskite materials. This study explores the enhancement of photophysical properties through chemical engineering, specifically cation exchange, focusing on the crucial photophysical process of hot carrier cooling. Employing femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy and optical pump terahertz probe spectroscopy, we have probed the carrier relaxation dynamics in A3Sb2I9 with cesium and rubidium cations. This study unravels that the carrier relaxation is found to be slower in Rb3Sb2I9; along with this, the transient mobility decay is found to be retarded. Overall, this study suggests that an antimony-based Rb3Sb2I9 perovskite could be a substantial lead-free perovskite in photovoltaics. These findings provide valuable insights into cation engineering strategies, aiming to improve the overall performance of lead-free-based photovoltaic devices.

Exploring the structural, photophysical and optoelectronic properties of a diaryl heptanoid curcumin derivative and identification as a SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor.

Developing modifiable natural products those having antiviral activities against SARS-CoV-2 is a key research area which is popular in current scenario of COVID pandemic. A diaryl heptanoid curcumin and its derivatives are already presenting promising candidates for anti-viral drug development. We have synthesized single crystals of a dimethylamino derivative of natural curcumin and structural characterization was done by single crystal XRD analysis. Using steady-state absorption and emission spectra and guided by complimentary ab initio calculations, we unraveled the solvent effects on the photophysical properties of the dimethyl amino curcumin derivative. Chemical reactivity of the compound has investigated using frontier molecular orbitals and molecular electrostatic potential surface. High stability of the curcumin derivative in water environment has evaluated by Radial Distributions Functions (RDF) calculated via Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. The inhibitory activity of the title compound was evaluated by in silico methods and the stability of the protein-ligand complexes were studied using Molecular Dynamics simulations and MM-PBSA analysis. With this detailed study, we hope to motivate scientific community to develop new curcumin derivatives against SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Correlating W-Boson Mass Shift with Muon g-2 in the Two Higgs Doublet Model.

We show an interesting correlation between the recent high precision measurement of the W-boson mass by the CDF Collaboration and the muon (g-2) anomaly in the context of the two Higgs doublet model. One-loop diagrams involving the exchange of neutral scalar bosons can explain the muon (g-2), which, however, requires significant mass splittings among members of the second Higgs doublet. These splittings also generate a positive shift in the mass of the W boson, consistent with the recent CDF measurement. The charged and neutral scalars of the model cannot be heavier than about 600 GeV for a simultaneous explanation of the two anomalies. The entire parameter space of the model can be tested at the LHC by a combination of same sign dimuon signals in pp→(µ^{+}µ^{+}jj+E_{T}) and pp→(µ^{+}µ^{-}τ^{+}τ^{-}+X) signals.

Chemically Engineered Avenues: Opportunities for Attaining Desired Carrier Cooling in Perovskites.

Hot carrier extraction-based devices are presently being persuaded as the most revolutionary means of surpassing the theoretical thermodynamic conversion efficiency limit (∼67 % for a model hot carrier solar cell). However, for practical realisation, there stand various hurdles that need to be surmounted, a major among all being the rapid hot carrier cooling rate. Though, the perovskite family has already demonstrated itself to exhibit slower cooling in contrast to the prototypical semiconductors. Decelerating this entire process of cooling further can prove to be a crucial stride in this regard. Quite contrarily, for the optoelectronic applications the situation is entirely conflicting where quick rate of cooling is a chief prerequisite. In the recent times, there have been various key developments that have targeted altering this cooling rate by various chemically engineered strategies. This review highlights such blueprints that can be utilized towards the advantageous alteration of the carrier cooling in accordance with the device requirements.

Triangular Magnet Emergent from Noncentrosymmetric Sr0.94Mn0.86Te1.14O6 Single Crystals.

We report the successful growth of high-quality single crystals of Sr0.94Mn0.86Te1.14O6 (SMTO) using a self-flux method. The structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of SMTO are investigated by neutron powder diffraction (NPD), single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD), thermodynamic, and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques in conjunction with density functional theory calculations. NPD unambiguously determined octahedral (trigonal antiprismatic) coordination for all cations with the chiral space group P312 (no. 149), which is further confirmed by SCXRD data. The Mn and Te elements occupy distinct Wyckoff sites, and minor anti-site defects were observed in both sites. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals the existence of mixed valence states of Mn in SMTO. The magnetic susceptibility and specific heat data evidence a weak antiferromagnetic order at TN = 6.6 K. The estimated Curie-Weiss temperature θCW = -21 K indicates antiferromagnetic interaction between Mn ions. Furthermore, both the magnetic entropy and the 125Te nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate showcase that short-range spin correlations persist well above the Néel temperature. Our work demonstrates that Sr0.94(2)Mn0.86(3)Te1.14(3)O6 single crystals realize a noncentrosymmetric triangular antiferromagnet.

Probing ultrafast hot charge carrier migration in MoS2 embedded CdS nanorods.

Efficient utilization of hot charge carriers is of utmost benefit for a semiconductor-based optoelectronic device. Herein, a one-dimensional (1D)/two-dimensional (2D) heterojunction was fabricated in the form of CdS/MoS2 nanorod/nanosheet composite and migration of hot charge carriers was being investigated with the help of transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy. The band alignment was such that both the electrons and holes in the CdS region tend to migrate into the MoS2 region following photoexcitation. The composite system is composed of optical signatures of both CdS and MoS2, with the dominance of CdS nanorods. In addition, the TA signal of MoS2 is substantially enhanced in the heterosystem at the cost of the diminished CdS signal, confirming the migration of charge carrier population from CdS to MoS2. This migration phenomenon was dominated by the hot carrier transfer. The hot carriers in the high energy states of CdS are preferentially migrated into the MoS2 states rather than being cooled to the band edge. The hot carrier transfer time for a 400 nm pump excitation was calculated to be 0.21 ps. This is much faster than the band edge electron transfer process, occurring at 2.0 ps time scale. We found that these migration processes are very much dependent on the applied pump photon energy. Higher energy pump photons are more efficient in the hot carrier transfer process and place these hot carriers in the higher energy states of MoS2, further extending charge carrier separation. This detailed spectroscopic investigation would help in the fabrication of better 1D/2D heterojunctions and advance the optoelectronic field.

Isolation, purification and structural elucidation of Mellein from endophytic fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae strain (SJF-1) and its broad-spectrum antimicrobial and pharmacological properties.

In an on-going investigation of bioactive metabolites producing potential endophytic fungi, the strain Lasiodiplodia theobromae (SJF-1) was isolated from a medicinal plant Syzygium cumini. The cultural, morphological and molecular identification was done with the SJF-1 strain. The obtained gene sequence was deposited in NCBI with accession number MG 938644. The methanolic extract of SJF-1 strain possessed one major bioactive fraction, and it was purified by column chromatography. Further, it was identified as Mellein by various spectroscopic studies (1 H, 13 C, DEPT-135°, FT-IR, ESI-HR-MS and 2D NMR). Biologically, Mellein showed potent anti-Xanthomonas activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 1·9 to 62·5 µg ml-1 against 11 Xanthomonas strains, a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with MIC 7·8-31·25 µg ml-1 and 1·9-31·25 µg ml-1 towards both bacterial and fungal strains, respectively. The scanning electron microscope analysis proved the antimicrobial efficacy of a Mellein by rupturing the cell walls of Xanthomonas sp. Molecular docking studies further supported that the Mellein showed good binding interactions with the proteins of Xanthomonas sp. to reduce pathogenicity. Further, in silico pharmacological studies showed that this metabolite exhibited high gastrointestinal absorption properties and promising oral drug bioavailability. We report, anti-Xanthomonas, in silico docking and pharmacological studies of Mellein from (SJF-1) strain for the first time.

Application of micro- and nano-bubbles in spray drying of milk protein concentrates.

Micro- and nano-bubbles (MNB) have unique properties and have attracted great attention in the past 2 decades, offering prospective applications in various disciplines. The first objective of this study was to investigate whether venturi-style MNB generation is capable of producing sufficient bulk MNB. A nanoparticle tracking system was used to measure the bubble concentration and particle size of MNB-treated deionized water. The MNB-treated deionized water had a bubble concentration of 3.76 × 108 particles/mL (∼350 million bubbles/mL more compared with control) and a mean particle size of 249.8 nm. The second objective of this study was to investigate the effects of MNB treatment on the microstructure and functional properties of milk protein concentrate (MPC) dispersions. Reconstituted MPC dispersions (21%, wt/wt) without air injection were considered as control (C-MPC), and MPC dispersions passed through the MNB system were considered as MNB-treated (MNB-MPC) dispersions. Control and MNB-MPC dispersions were evaluated in terms of rheological behavior and microstructure. The microscopic observations of MNB-MPC dispersions showed less aggregated microstructures and greater structural differences compared with C-MPC dispersions, therefore lowering the viscosity. The viscosity of MNB-MPC at a shear rate of 100 s-1 significantly decreased to 57.58 mPa·s (C-MPC: 162.40 mPa·s), a net decrease in viscosity by ∼65% after MNB treatment. Additionally, MPC dispersions were spray dried after the MNB treatment, and the resultant MNB-MPC powders were characterized and compared with the control MPC in terms of rehydration characteristics and microstructure. Focused beam reflectance measurement of the MNB-MPC powders indicated lower counts of large particles (150-300 µm) during dissolution, signifying that MNB-MPC powders exhibited better rehydration properties than the C-MPC powders. This study, therefore, recommends the possibility of using MNB treatment for more efficient drying while improving the functional properties of the resultant MPC powders.

Marine Based Natural Products: Exploring the Recent Developments in the Identification of Antimicrobial Agents.

The marine ecosystem is the less explored, biologically diverse, and vastest resource to discover novel antimicrobial agents. In recent decades' antimicrobial drugs are losing their effectiveness due to the growing resistance among pathogens, which causes diseases to have considerable death rates across the globe. Therefore, there is a need for the discovery of new antibacterials that can reach the market. There is a gradual growth of compounds from marine sources which are entering the clinical trials. Thus, the prominence of marine natural products in the field of drug design and discovery across the academia and pharmaceutical industry is gaining attention. Herein, the present review covers nearly 200 marine based antimicrobial agents of 11 structural classes discovered from the year 2010 to 2022. All the discussed compounds have exhibited medium to high antimicrobial activity in inhibiting various microorganisms.

Ultrafast Charge Delocalization Dynamics of Ambient Stable CsPbBr3 Nanocrystals Encapsulated in Polystyrene Fiber.

CsPbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs) encapsulated in a transparent polystyrene (PS) fiber matrix (CsPbBr3 @PS) have been synthesized to protect the NCs. The ultrafast charge delocalization dynamics of the embedded NCs have been demonstrated, and the results are compared with the pristine CsPbBr3 in toluene. The electrospinning method was employed for the preparation of CsPbBr3 @PS fibers by using a polystyrene solution doped with pre-synthesized CsPbBr3 and characterized by XRD, HRTEM, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Energy level diagrams of CsPbBr3 and PS suggest that CsPbBr3 @PS fibers make a type I core-shell structure. The carrier cooling for CsPbBr3 @PS fibers is found to be much slower than pure CsPbBr3 NCs. This observation suggests that photoexcited electrons from CsPbBr3 NCs get delocalized from the conduction band of the perovskite to lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of the PS fiber matrix. The CsPbBr3 @PS fibers possess remarkable stability under ambient conditions as well as in water over months. The clear understanding of charge carrier relaxation dynamics of CsPbBr3 confined in PS fibers could help to design robust optoelectronic devices.

The catalytic decarboxylative allylation of enol carbonates: the synthesis of enantioenriched 3-allyl-3'-aryl 2-oxindoles and the core structure of azonazine.

The catalytic asymmetric synthesis of 3-allyl-3'-aryl 2-oxindoles has been shown via the Pd(0)-catalyzed decarboxylative allylation of allylenol carbonates. This methodology provides access to a variety of 2-oxindole substrates (5a-v) with all-carbon quaternary stereocenters (up to 94% ee) at the pseudobenzylic position under additive-free and mild conditions. The synthetic potential of this method was shown by the asymmetric synthesis of the tetracyclic core of the diketopiparazine-based alkaloid azonazine (11).

Breast histopathological image analysis using image processing techniques for diagnostic puposes: A methodological review.

Breast cancer in women is the second most common cancer worldwide. Early detection of breast cancer can reduce the risk of human life. Non-invasive techniques such as mammograms and ultrasound imaging are popularly used to detect the tumour. However, histopathological analysis is necessary to determine the malignancy of the tumour as it analyses the image at the cellular level. Manual analysis of these slides is time consuming, tedious, subjective and are susceptible to human errors. Also, at times the interpretation of these images are inconsistent between laboratories. Hence, a Computer-Aided Diagnostic system that can act as a decision support system is need of the hour. Moreover, recent developments in computational power and memory capacity led to the application of computer tools and medical image processing techniques to process and analyze breast cancer histopathological images. This review paper summarizes various traditional and deep learning based methods developed to analyze breast cancer histopathological images. Initially, the characteristics of breast cancer histopathological images are discussed. A detailed discussion on the various potential regions of interest is presented which is crucial for the development of Computer-Aided Diagnostic systems. We summarize the recent trends and choices made during the selection of medical image processing techniques. Finally, a detailed discussion on the various challenges involved in the analysis of BCHI is presented along with the future scope.

Sequential Selective C-H and C(sp3 )-+ P Bond Functionalizations: An Entry to Bioactive Arylated Scaffolds.

Organophosphonium salts containing C(sp3 )-+ P bonds are among the most utilized reagents in organic synthesis for constructing C-C double bonds. However, their use as C-selective electrophilic groups is rare. Here, we explore an efficient and general transition-metal-free method for sequential chemo- and regioselective C-H and C(sp3 )-+ P bond functionalizations. In the present study, C-H alkylation resulting in the synthesis of benzhydryl triarylphosphonium salts was achieved by one-pot, four-component cross-coupling reactions of simple and commercially available starting materials. The utility of the resulting phosphonium salt building blocks was demonstrated by the chemoselective post-functionalization of benzylic C(sp3 )-+ PPh3 groups to achieve aminations, thiolations, and arylations. In this way, benzhydrylamines, benzhydrylthioethers, and triarylmethanes, structural motifs that are present in many pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, are readily accessed. These include the synthesis of two anticancer agents from simple materials in only two to three steps. Additionally, a protocol for late-stage functionalization of bioactive drugs has been developed using benzhydrylphosphonium salts. This new approach should provide novel transformations for application in both academic and pharmaceutical research.

Incidence and Impact of Healthcare-associated Infections on Patients Primarily Admitted with Sepsis and Non-sepsis Diagnoses.

Objectives: To compare the incidence of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) and their outcomes between patients admitted to the ICU with sepsis and those admitted with non-sepsis diagnoses. Materials and methods: We performed a single-center, prospective, observational study of ICU patients at a tertiary level medical-surgical unit from April 2018 to October 2018. All patients admitted to the ICU with a length of stay (LOS) > 48 hours were included. Baseline data including demographics, comorbidities, and severity of illness scores were collected. Index occurrence of HAI in all these patients was noted and data regarding organ support and patient outcomes were recorded. The incidence, complications, ICU LOS, and 30-day mortality of HAI were compared between the patients admitted to ICU originally with sepsis and non-sepsis diagnoses. Results: A total of 271 patients were evaluated in our study (N = 106 for the sepsis group and N = 165 for the non-sepsis group). No significant difference between the groups was found in the incidence of HAI (29.2% in sepsis group vs 24.4% in non-sepsis group; p = 0.07). Complications (acute kidney injury (AKI): 71 vs 45%; p = 0.01, shock: 81 vs 55%; p = 0.05, need for mechanical ventilation (MV): 30 vs 15%; p = 0.04) were more common in sepsis group compared to the non-sepsis group. The ICU LOS (12.2 ± 5.2 days vs 8.8 ± 2.05 days; p = 0.01) was significantly longer in the sepsis group. There was no significant difference in 30-day mortality between the groups (45 vs 25%; p = 0.07). Conclusion: The incidence of HAI seems to be similar between patients admitted with sepsis and non-sepsis diagnoses. However, patients admitted with sepsis develop higher rates of organ failure secondary to HAI and have a longer ICU LOS compared to patients admitted with non-sepsis diagnoses. The mortality rate of HAI did not differ between these two groups. How to cite this article: Chintamani A, Prakash B, Abraham BK, Kumar S, Ramakrishnan N, Venkataraman R. Incidence and Impact of Healthcare-associated Infections on Patients Primarily Admitted with Sepsis and Non-sepsis Diagnoses. Indian J Crit Care Med 2021;25(3): 292-295.

A five-year follow-up of untreated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia treated with ofatumumab and chlorambucil: final analysis of the Complement 1 phase 3 trial.

The Complement 1 trial investigated the efficacy and safety of ofatumumab + chlorambucil with chlorambucil monotherapy in patients with previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). On long-term follow-up in the chemoimmunotherapy arm vs. the chemotherapy arm there was an estimated 12% (not significant) and 39% risk reduction in overall survival and progression-free survival, respectively. A high rate (61%) of treatment with next-line therapies in both the treatment arms may dilute any potential OS difference and confound the interpretation of the OS results. Addition of ofatumumab to chlorambucil demonstrated clinical benefit and tolerability as a frontline treatment option in patients unfit for fludarabine-containing therapy, with no new safety concerns.

Pan-Asian adapted ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with locally-advanced unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer: a KSMO-ESMO initiative endorsed by CSCO, ISMPO, JSMO, MOS, SSO and TOS.

The most recent version of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of early and locally-advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was published in 2017, and covered the diagnosis, staging, management and treatment of both early stage I and II disease and locally-advanced stage III disease. At the ESMO Asia Meeting in November 2018, it was decided by both the ESMO and the Korean Society of Medical Oncology (KSMO) to convene a special face-to-face guidelines meeting in 2019 in Seoul. The aim was to adapt the ESMO 2017 guidelines to take into account potential differences related to ethnicity, cancer biology and standard practices associated with the treatment of locally-advanced, unresectable NSCLC in Asian patients. These guidelines represent the consensus opinions reached by those experts in the treatment of patients with lung cancer who represented the oncology societies of Korea (KSMO), China (CSCO), India (ISMPO), Japan (JSMO), Malaysia (MOS), Singapore (SSO) and Taiwan (TOS). The voting was based on scientific evidence, and it was independent of both local current treatment practices and the treatment availability and reimbursement situations in the individual participating Asian countries.

Zee-Burst: A New Probe of Neutrino Nonstandard Interactions at IceCube.

We propose a new way to probe nonstandard interactions (NSI) of neutrinos with matter using the ultrahigh energy (UHE) neutrino data at current and future neutrino telescopes. We consider the Zee model of radiative neutrino mass generation as a prototype, which allows two charged scalars-one SU(2)_{L} doublet and one singlet, both being leptophilic, to be as light as 100 GeV, thereby inducing potentially observable NSI with electrons. We show that these light charged Zee scalars could give rise to a Glashow-like resonance feature in the UHE neutrino event spectrum at the IceCube neutrino observatory and its high-energy upgrade IceCube-Gen2, which can probe a sizable fraction of the allowed NSI parameter space.