Active Actions in the Extraction of Urban Objects for Information Quality and Knowledge Recommendation with Machine Learning.

Due to the increasing urban development, it has become important for municipalities to permanently understand land use and ecological processes, and make cities smart and sustainable by implementing technological tools for land monitoring. An important problem is the absence of technologies that certify the quality of information for the creation of strategies. In this context, expressive volumes of data are used, requiring great effort to understand their structures, and then access information with the desired quality. This study are designed to provide an initial response to the need for mapping zones in the city of Itajaí (SC), Brazil. The solution proposes to aid object recognition employing object-based classifiers OneR, NaiveBayes, J48, IBk, and Hoeffding Tree algorithms used together with GeoDMA, and a first approach in the use of Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (R-CNN) and the YOLO algorithm. All this is to characterize vegetation zones, exposed soil zones, asphalt, and buildings within an urban and rural area. Through the implemented model for active identification of geospatial objects with similarity levels, it was possible to apply the data crossover after detecting the best classifier with accuracy (85%) and the kappa agreement coefficient (76%). The case study presents the dynamics of urban and rural expansion, where expressive volumes of data are obtained and submitted to different methods of cataloging and preparation to subsidize rapid control actions. Finally, the research describes a practical and systematic approach, evaluating the extraction of information to the recommendation of knowledge with greater scientific relevance. Allowing the methods presented to apply the calibration of values for each object, to achieve results with greater accuracy, which is proposed to help improve conservation and management decisions related to the zones within the city, leaving as a legacy the construction of a minimum technological infrastructure to support the decision.

Campylobacter fetus Cellulitis.

Campylobacter fetus, a bacteria of the Campylobacter genus that are a group of bacteria known to cause intestinal infections, is a particular microbial agent due to its most common presentation being as a non-intestinal systemic infection and rarely as a focal infection, most frequently cellulitis. C. fetus's main reservoirs are cattle and sheep. Humans are usually infected by consuming raw milk and/or meat. Infection in humans is rare and generally related to immune deficiencies, malignancy, chronic liver disease, diabetes mellitus and elderly age, among other factors. Diagnosis is usually achieved by blood cultures due to the lack of focalized signs/symptoms and the pathogen's endovascular tropism. The authors present a case of cellulitis due to Campylobacter fetus, a microbial agent that affects susceptible patients with a mortality rate of up to 14%. We aim to emphasize the importance of potential bacterial seeding sites secondary to bacteremia given the agent tropism for vascular tissue. The medical diagnosis was performed by the identification of bacteria in blood cultures. Campylobacter spp. infections are more frequently related to undercooked poultry or meat, but in this case, the consumption of fresh cheese was considered the most likely source of infection. A literature review showed that, in patients with previous antibiotic cycles, a combination of carbapenem and gentamicin had better outcomes and lower relapse rates. Due to typical surface antigenic variation, immune control may not be attainable and may account for relapsing infections, even after appropriate therapy. The duration of treatment has yet to be well established. Based on other reported cases, we considered a four-week treatment to be sufficient, given clinical improvement and absence of recurrence in the follow-up time.

Pegylated Interferon Alpha for Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection.

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a potentially life-threatening and prevalent disease worldwide. Far from attaining the ultimate treatment goal, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection eradication, the two current therapeutic options aim to prevent progression to end-stage liver disease, maintaining long-term suppression of HBV replication. Pegylated interferon-α (PEG-INFα) is often poorly tolerated and disregarded considering the orally administered nucleos(t)ide analogues. However, PEG-INFα may achieve similar treatment endpoints with a finite course of treatment. We report a case of PEG-INFα-treated CHB that attained sustained off-treatment virological response with only 16 weeks of treatment, with loss of both HBeAg and HBsAg (this latter the optimal treatment endpoint).

Qualidade da informação em saúde: um estudo sobre o vírus do papilomahumano (HPV) em websites brasileiros / Quality of health information: a study of human papillomavirus (HPV) on Brazilian websites / Calidad de la información en salud: un estudio sobre el virus del papiloma humano (HPV) en sitios web brasileños

A internet vem se tornando para a população uma fonte comum de busca de informações sobre temas ligados à saúde, inclusive sobre o vírus do papiloma humano (HPV). Este artigo apresenta uma avaliação da qualidade da informação sobre o tema HPV disponibilizada em websites sobre saúde e um ranking elaborado com base nos resultados obtidos. Para a avaliação foram aplicados 61 indicadores, divididos entre os critérios de conteúdo, usabilidade e legibilidade. No que se refere ao conteúdo, os websites em questão apresentaram informações sobre exames de diagnóstico, prevenção, tratamento e patologias que podem ser desenvolvidas.Quanto à usabilidade, todos os websites avaliados dispõem de um menu principal e possuem um layout agradável. Os indicadores da legibilidade foram atendidos em sua grande maioria, uma vez que todos os submetidos a essa avaliação apresentaram uso de cores, tamanho e formato de fontes aprazíveis. Observou-se um nível expressivo de qualidade das informações sobre o HPV disponibilizadas nos websites avaliados.(AU)

The internet has become for the population a common source of search for information about issues related to health, including the human papillomavirus (HPV). This article presents an evaluation of the quality ofthe information about the HPV available on health websites and a ranking based on its results. 61 indicators were used to do the evaluation, divided into content, usability and readability criteria. In regard to content,the websites under evaluation presented information about diagnostic exams, prevention, treatment and the pathologies that can be developed. All those websites have a main menu and a pleasant layout. The indicators of readability, for the most part, were satisfied, since the websites showed attractive use of colors,size and format of fonts. It can be observed a significant level of quality of information about HPV available on the websites evaluated.

La internet se ha convertido en una fuente común de búsqueda de temas relacionados con la salud,incluso sobre el virus del papiloma humano (HPV). Este artículo presenta una evaluación de la calidadde la información disponible en sitios web sobre el tema del HPV y un ranking elaborado con base en los resultados obtenidos. Para la evaluación se aplicaron 61 indicadores, divididos entre los criterios de contenido, usabilidad y legibilidad. En lo que respecta al contenido, los sitios web presentan información sobre exámenes de diagnóstico, prevención, tratamiento, y sobre las patologías que pueden ser desarrolladas.En lo que concierne a la usabilidad, todos los sitios web evaluados disponen de un menú principal y tienen un diseño gráfico agradable. Los indicadores de legibilidad fueron atendidos en su gran mayoría, en vista de todos los sitios web evaluados hayan presentado uso de colores, tamaño y formato de fuentes agradables. Se observó un nivel expresivo de calidad de la información sobre el HPV disponible en los sitios web evaluados.

Novo código florestal e reserva legal em propriedades rurais do município de Porto Alegre/RS / New forest code and legal reserve in rural properties of Porto Alegre/RS municipality

O atual Código Florestal inovou em diretrizes relacionadas à proteção da flora nativa. Estabeleceu regra específica para os pequenos produtores rurais, para os quais a Reserva Legal (RL) pode ser regularizada com o percentual de remanescente de vegetação nativa existente em julho de 2008, caso este seja inferior a 20% da área. Nesse contexto, insere-se esta pesquisa, que tem por objetivo quantificar as Reservas Legais de 76 propriedades rurais, localizadas no extremo sul de Porto Alegre/RS, e caracterizá-las em termos de cobertura de vegetação nativa, de acordo com as disposições previstas no Código Florestal de 2012. Para tanto, foram utilizadas técnicas de geoprocessamento, através da utilização de mapas temáticos de vegetação e fundiário, integrados com os dados do cadastro imobiliário em um Sistema de Informação Geográfica. Dos 76 imóveis pesquisados, 18 possuem área acima de 04 Módulos Fiscais (MF), portanto, sua Reserva Legal foi calculada considerando 20% de sua área. Para as demais propriedades, a RL pode ser reduzida à sua fração de vegetação nativa, e constatou-se que somente 15 deles têm Reserva Legal menor que 20%, variando, neste caso, de 1,8% a 18,6%. Reserva Legal sem cobertura de vegetação nativa foi constatada somente para o estrato onde se concentram os imóveis de maior tamanho. A regra especial isentou de recuperação da vegetação, por parte dos pequenos proprietários rurais, somente 1,4% da área que deveria ser destinada a Reserva Legal, considerando as regras anteriores.

The current Forest Code innovated in guidelines related to the protection of native flora. It established specific rule for small farmers, for which the Legal Reserve (RL) can be remedied with the percentage of remnant native vegetation existing in July 2008, if it is less than 20% of the area. In this context fits into this research, which aims to quantify the legal reserves of 76 farms located in the extreme south of Porto Alegre/RS municipality, and characterize them in terms of coverage of native vegetation in accordance with the provisions of the Code Forest 2012. For both GIS techniques were used through the use of thematic maps of vegetation and land, integrated with data from the real estate cadastre in a Geographic Information System. 18 of the 76 properties surveyed have area above 04 Modules Tax (MF), therefore its legal reserve was calculated considering 20% of its area. For other properties, the RL can be reduced to a fraction of native vegetation, it was found that only 15 of them have less than 20% Legal Reserve , in this case ranging from 1.8% to 18.6%. Legal Reserve without native vegetation cover was observed only for stratum which concentrate the properties of larger size. The special rule exempting recovery of vegetation by small farmers only 1.4% of the area that should be allocated to the legal reserve considering the previous rules.

Temporalidade de amostras biológicas e de produtos no Instituto Adolfo Lutz / Temporality of biological samples and products at the Instituto Adolfo Lutz

O Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL), instituição centenária na prestação de serviços, pesquisa e ensino para a solução de agravos em saúde, tem constituído um valioso repositório de materiais biológicos empregado sem projetos científicos e de inovação tecnológica, bem como lhe cabe a guarda de produtos de análise fiscal ou pericial. Por iniciativa da administração central, criou-se um grupo técnico para elaborar critérios de temporalidade das amostras biológicas e dos produtos armazenados frente à legislação e às necessidades deste repositório institucional. Foram definidos os diversos tipos de amostras e, para cada modalidade, foram relacionados o estado físico, a finalidade – rotina ou pesquisa –, e as condições de armazenamento. Formulários específicos referentes às amostras ou produtos foram preenchidos pelos profissionais das diferentes áreas dos Laboratórios Central e Regionais. Os critérios de temporalidade das amostras biológicas e produtos foram propostos e apresentados ao conselho técnico e administrativo da instituição, o que resultou em publicação oficial em forma de Portaria da Diretoria Geral do IAL.