Need assessment of medical school curriculum for MOOCs: perspectives of instructors and students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.

INTRODUCTION: Designing, developing, and implementing a course without assessing and prioritizing instructional needs may result in inefficiency due to the disregard for the actual needs of the target population. The present study aimed to determine and prioritize medical students' instructional needs regarding Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. METHODS: This survey study was carried out in three stages (2020-2021) using the Delphi technique. Purposive and snowball sampling methods were used to select the instructors. The students were selected through simple random sampling. The first round of the Delphi technique involved a questionnaire consisting of one open-ended question, completed by 49 basic/clinical faculty members and 47 senior medical students. In the second round, a 5-point Likert scale-based questionnaire was used to prioritize the instructional needs. The reliability of the questionnaire was verified by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. In the third round, a focus group was used. A total of six expert faculty members and one senior medical student were invited to the focus group session to prioritize the needs. Data were analyzed using Friedman's non-parametric ranking test in SPSS version 26. RESULTS: Ten instructional needs priorities were extracted, including common pharmacotherapies (antibiotics and narcotics), prescriptions, physiology, anatomy, physical examination, electrocardiography interpretation, radiography, computed tomography scans, serum electrolyte disorders, and cardiovascular and internal (endocrine and metabolic) diseases. The chi-squared calculated value (715.584) indicated a significant difference in the importance of the questionnaire's questions (P < 0.001). These questions did not have equal value, and the importance, from the respondent's point of view and the observed distribution of ranks, was not the output of a random factor. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study can be used to design MOOCs, revise instructional programs, and adapt the curriculum to meet the needs of general practitioners, which will, in turn, help meet the medical needs of the general population.

Experiencias de la práctica clínica de los estudiantes de enfermería: un estudio cualitativo / Nursing Students' Experiences of Clinical Education: A Qualitative Study

Objective. To comprehend the experiences of nursing students in clinical education. Methods. A qualitative study using conventional content analysis was conducted. Data were collected using focus group interview with 16 nursing students from two public nursing schools of Shiraz and Fasa, Iran. The participants were selected by purposeful sampling. Data analysis accomplished according to conventional content analysis. Results. From this study five categories were emerged: Theory and practice disruption (The inability to use the lessons learned in practice, Routine-oriented work, The difference between theoretical knowledge and clinical training), Shaky communications (Inappropriate behavior, Inadequate support of nurses, instructors and other caregivers), Inadequate planning (Wasting time for students in clinical training, Inadequate preparation of instructors and students), Perceived tension (Stress, Anxiety and Fear), Personal and professional development (Learning more steadily, Paying attention to the spiritual dimension of care, Increasing interest in the profession, More knowledge, greater Self Confidence). Conclusion. The results of this study showed that nursing students have desirable and undesirable experiences in clinical education in the process of training, which must be addressed with proper planning for reduce the students' problems in the clinical education of future nurses.(AU)

Objetivo. Comprender las experiencias de los estudiantes de enfermería en la educación clínica. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo en el cual se utilizó el análisis de contenido. Los datos se recolectaron mediante entrevistas en grupos focales con 16 estudiantes de pregrado de dos escuelas de enfermería de carácter público de las ciudades de Shiraz y Fasa (Irán). Los participantes se seleccionaron por muestreo intencional. El análisis de datos se realizó de acuerdo con la técnica de análisis de contenido. Resultados. De este estudio surgieron cinco categorías: Interrupción entre la teoría y la práctica (diferencia entre conocimiento teórico y el entrenamiento clínico, incapacidad para usar el conocimiento teórico en la práctica, rutinas), Comunicaciones inestables (comportamientos inapropiados, apoyo deficiente de enfermeras, instructores y otros cuidadores), Planificación inadecuada (pérdida de tiempo para los estudiantes en las prácticas clínicas, preparación inadecuada de instructores y estudiantes), Tensión percibida (estrés, ansiedad y miedo), Desarrollo personal y profesional (aprendizaje más constante, atención a la dimensión espiritual del cuidado, aumento del interés por la profesión, aumento de conocimiento y mayor autoconfianza). Conclusión. Los resultados de este estudio mostraron que los estudiantes de enfermería tienen experiencias deseables e indeseables en la práctica clínica durante el proceso de formación, las cuales deben ser tenidos en cuenta con una planificación adecuada con el fin de reducir los problemas en la educación clínica de los futuros enfermeros. (AU)

Objetivo. Compreender as experiências dos estudantes de enfermagem na educação clínica. Métodos. Se realizou um estudo qualitativo utilizando análise de conteúdo. Os dados foram recolhidos mediante entrevistas nos grupos focais com 16 estudantes de graduação de duas escolas de enfermagem de carácter público das cidades de Shiraz e Fasa (Irão). Os participantes foram selecionados por amostragem intencional. A análise de dados se realizou de acordo com a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Resultados. Deste estudo surgiram cinco categorias: Interrupção entre a teoria e a prática (diferença entre conhecimento teórico e o treinamento clínico, incapacidadepara usar o conhecimento teórico na prática, rotinas), Comunicações instáveis (comportamentos inapropriados, apoio deficiente de enfermeiras, instrutores e outros cuidadores), Planificação inadequada (perda de tempo para os estudantes nas práticas clínicas, preparação inadequada de instrutores e estudantes), Tensão percebida (estresse, ansiedade e medo), Desenvolvimento pessoal e profissional (aprendizagem mais constante, atenção à dimensão espiritual do cuidado, aumento do interesse pela profissão, aumento de conhecimento e maior autoconfiança). Conclusão. Os resultados deste estudo mostraram que os estudantes de enfermagem tem experiências desejáveis e indesejáveis na prática clínica durante o processo deformação, os quais devem ser tidos em conta com uma planificação adequada com o fim de reduzir os problemas na educação clínica dos futuros enfermeiros. (AU)