Overpolicing people with serious mental health conditions: Considering racialized trauma for trauma-informed psychiatric rehabilitation services.

OBJECTIVE: We call for the psychiatric rehabilitation field to assess overpolicing as racialized trauma via a targeted universal trauma screening to provide trauma-informed rehabilitation services. METHODS: We examine the overpolicing of low-level, nonviolent activities and offenses through frequent stops, tickets, and arrests of disproportionately those who have mental health conditions and are Black, Indigenous, and people of color. These police interactions can produce traumatic responses and exacerbate symptoms. Assessing and responding to overpolicing is vital for psychiatric rehabilitation to provide trauma-informed services. RESULTS: We present preliminary practice data using an expanded trauma exposure form with racialized trauma, such as police harassment and brutality, that is absent from validated screenings. From this expanded screening, the majority of participants reported undisclosed racialized trauma. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: We recommend the field devote practice and research to racialized trauma and policing and the lasting effects to support trauma-informed services. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Undocumented PTSD among African American clients with serious mental illness in a statewide mental health system.

OBJECTIVES: African Americans are at increased risk for trauma exposure and the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) relative to other racial groups. Among African Americans with Serious Mental Illness (SMI), PTSD is frequently underdiagnosed and untreated. The primary objective of this study was to investigate trauma exposure, PTSD symptom severity, and the rate of undocumented PTSD in medical records among African Americans diagnosed with SMI. METHODS: Screening for trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms was implemented among 404 clients receiving community mental health services. Participants endorsed at least 1 traumatic event, had a score of at least 45 on the DSM-IV PTSD Checklist indicating probable PTSD, and had a chart diagnosis of an Axis I disorder. RESULTS: Around 18.3% of participants had PTSD diagnosed in their medical chart. A diagnosis of schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder was inversely related to the detection of PTSD in the chart. Client age and gender did not adversely affect the detection of PTSD, and detection rates remained low overall. Childhood sexual abuse was the most commonly endorsed index trauma, followed closely by sudden death of a loved one (including violent death). Participants typically experienced an average of 8 types of traumatic events in their lifetime. Cumulative total trauma exposure significantly predicted PTSD severity. Clients with mood disorders reported more severe PTSD. CONCLUSION: Findings highlight the low detection rate of PTSD and related symptoms in African American clients with SMI. There is a need for early intervention, grief counseling, culturally sensitive trauma screening, and culturally informed treatment options for this population. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).