Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 28
Filtrar
Mais filtros

País/Região como assunto
Tipo de documento
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
Birth ; 2023 Nov 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38009538

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Women's dissatisfaction with perinatal health care services is associated with poor postpartum outcomes for the mother and the baby. The Mackey Childbirth Satisfaction Rating Scale is a frequently used measure of women's childbirth satisfaction. However, its factor structure has been inconsistent across investigations. The goal of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the scale (i.e., factor structure and sources of validity evidence). METHODS: This study is a descriptive prospective investigation. Participants included 106 pregnant women (mean age = 31.86, SD = 4.12) recruited from a public university hospital situated in South Madrid. Sources of construct validity of the Mackey were explored with the Women's View of Birth Labor Satisfaction Questionnaire. Sources of criterion validity were investigated with measures of pain (labor, delivery, and just after birth) and post-traumatic stress symptoms. RESULTS: Minor adaptations in item distribution resulted in an adequate fit of the original six-factor solution of the Mackey scale (i.e., oneself, the partner, the baby, the nurse, the physician, and overall satisfaction). Sources of validity evidence supported the construct and criterion validity of the scale. CONCLUSIONS: Obtaining a psychometrically and conceptually sound factor solution is fundamental when validating a scale. With the present study, researchers and clinicians (e.g., midwives) will be able to measure women's childbirth satisfaction in a more robust manner. Both antecedents and consequences of satisfaction were found to correlate with several satisfaction subscales, which might help guide prevention programs in mother care in a more efficient way.

2.
J Reprod Infant Psychol ; 41(4): 417-427, 2023 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34789036

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work is to explore whether the relationship between pain after delivery and postpartum depression is increased or decreased by the use of religion as a coping strategy (moderation). METHODS: A longitudinal cohort study was conducted. The sample was evaluated on three occasions: third trimester of pregnancy (religious coping), after birth (pain severity) and four months after delivery (postpartum depression). Participants were 122 women (mean age = 31.29; SD = 4.9: range = [22, 42 years]) with low obstetric risk. RESULTS: Both pain severity and religious coping contributed to postpartum depression (r = .20, p = .029 and r = .28, p = .04, respectively). Religious coping exacerbated the relationship between pain after delivery and postpartum depression (B = -0.11, t = -2.48, p = .014, [-0.20, -0.02]). Depression was highest in participants using religious coping irrespective of pain severity levels. CONCLUSION: These findings support the importance of person-environment interaction studies and provide new evidence on the deleterious role of religious coping in the well-being of women after childbirth.


Assuntos
Depressão Pós-Parto , Gravidez , Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Estudos Longitudinais , Parto , Adaptação Psicológica , Dor
3.
Appl Opt ; 61(28): 8540-8552, 2022 Oct 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36256172

RESUMO

We report here the first implementation of chemically specific imaging in the exhaust plume of a gas turbine typical of those used for propulsion in commercial aircraft. The method used is chemical species tomography (CST) and the target species is CO2, absorbing in the near-infrared at 1999.4 nm. A total of 126 beams propagate transverse to the plume axis, along 7 m paths in a coplanar geometry, to probe a central region of diameter ≈1.5m. The CO2 absorption spectrum is measured using tunable diode laser spectroscopy with wavelength modulation, using the second harmonic to first harmonic (2f/1f) ratio method. The engine is operated over the full range of thrust, while data are recorded in a quasi-simultaneous mode at frame rates of 1.25 and 0.3125 Hz. Various data inversion methodologies are considered and presented for image reconstruction. At all thrust levels a persistent ring structure of high CO2 concentration is observed in the central region of the measurement plane, with a raised region in the middle of the plume assumed to be due to the engine's boat tail. With its potential to target various exhaust species, the CST method outlined here offers a new approach to turbine combustion research, turbine engine development, and aviation fuel research and development.

4.
Sensors (Basel) ; 22(14)2022 Jul 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35890954

RESUMO

Photosynthesis is a vital process for the planet. Its estimation involves the measurement of different variables and its processing through a mathematical model. This article presents a black-box mathematical model to estimate the net photosynthesis and its digital implementation. The model uses variables such as: leaf temperature, relative leaf humidity, and incident radiation. The model was elaborated with obtained data from Capsicum annuum L. plants and calibrated using genetic algorithms. The model was validated with Capsicum annuum L. and Capsicum chinense Jacq. plants, achieving average errors of 3% in Capsicum annuum L. and 18.4% in Capsicum chinense Jacq. The error in Capsicum chinense Jacq. was due to the different experimental conditions. According to evaluation, all correlation coefficients (Rho) are greater than 0.98, resulting from the comparison with the LI-COR Li-6800 equipment. The digital implementation consists of an FPGA for data acquisition and processing, as well as a Raspberry Pi for IoT and in situ interfaces; thus, generating a useful net photosynthesis device with non-invasive sensors. This proposal presents an innovative, portable, and low-scale way to estimate the photosynthetic process in vivo, in situ, and in vitro, using non-invasive techniques.


Assuntos
Capsicum , Modelos Teóricos , Fotossíntese , Folhas de Planta
5.
Sensors (Basel) ; 22(7)2022 Apr 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35408360

RESUMO

(1) Background: As breast cancer studies suggest, a high percentage of breast density (PBD) may be related to breast cancer incidence. Although PBD screening is one of the strongest predictors of breast cancer risk, X-ray-based mammography evaluation is subjective. Therefore, new objective PBD measuring techniques are of interest. A case study analyzing the PBD of thirteen female participants using a bioimpedance-based method, the anomalies tracking circle (ATC), is described in this paper. (2) Methods: In the first stage, the breast bioimpedance of each participant was measured. Then, the participant breast density was determined by applying a mammogram just after the breast bioimpedance measurement stage. In the third stage, the ATC algorithm was applied to the measured bioimpedance data for each participant, and a results analysis was done. (3) Results: An ATC variation according to the breast density was observed from the obtained data, this allowed the use of classification techniques to determine the PBD. (4) Conclusions: The described breast density method is a promising approach that might be applied as an auxiliary tool to the mammography in order to obtain precise and objective results for evaluation of breast density and with that determine potential breast cancer risk.


Assuntos
Densidade da Mama , Neoplasias da Mama , Algoritmos , Mama/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Mamografia/métodos
6.
Sensors (Basel) ; 21(23)2021 Nov 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34883885

RESUMO

Quantifying the quality of upper limb movements is fundamental to the therapeutic process of patients with cerebral palsy (CP). Several clinical methods are currently available to assess the upper limb range of motion (ROM) in children with CP. This paper focuses on identifying and describing available techniques for the quantitative assessment of the upper limb active range of motion (AROM) and kinematics in children with CP. Following the screening and exclusion of articles that did not meet the selection criteria, we analyzed 14 studies involving objective upper extremity assessments of the AROM and kinematics using optoelectronic devices, wearable sensors, and low-cost Kinect sensors in children with CP aged 4-18 years. An increase in the motor function of the upper extremity and an improvement in most of the daily tasks reviewed were reported. In the population of this study, the potential of wearable sensors and the Kinect sensor natural user interface as complementary devices for the quantitative evaluation of the upper extremity was evident. The Kinect sensor is a clinical assessment tool with a unique markerless motion capture system. Few authors had described the kinematic models and algorithms used to estimate their kinematic analysis in detail. However, the kinematic models in these studies varied from 4 to 10 segments. In addition, few authors had followed the joint assessment recommendations proposed by the International Society of Biomechanics (ISB). This review showed that three-dimensional analysis systems were used primarily for monitoring and evaluating spatiotemporal variables and kinematic parameters of upper limb movements. The results indicated that optoelectronic devices were the most commonly used systems. The joint assessment recommendations proposed by the ISB should be used because they are approved standards for human kinematic assessments. This review was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42021257211).


Assuntos
Paralisia Cerebral , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Paralisia Cerebral/diagnóstico , Criança , Humanos , Movimento , Amplitude de Movimento Articular , Extremidade Superior
7.
Women Health ; 60(2): 197-211, 2020 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31084348

RESUMO

To analyze the influence of maternal personality (big five personality, coping and childbirth expectations) on birth satisfaction. A longitudinal prospective design was used with 116 pregnant women during November 2014-December 2015 at a public hospital (Madrid, Spain) with three assessment stages: first trimester of pregnancy (personality factors), third trimester (childbirth expectations and coping strategies) and 48 hours after childbirth (labor satisfaction). The highest childbirth satisfaction scores were for professional support, support from partner and overall satisfaction. Higher childbirth satisfaction scores were found for vaginal births than for cesarean sections or instrumental births. Childbirth expectation dimensions showed the highest number of associations with childbirth satisfaction. Significant correlations were found between neuroticism and home assessment, agreeableness and environment, and openness to experience and overall satisfaction. Significant positive correlations were found between positive reappraisal and continuity, and negative correlations between avoidance coping and home assessment. Regression analyses showed the predictive role played by the type of birth, and the caregiving environment as childbirth expectation, and positive reappraisal and avoidance as coping strategies. These findings have important implications for health professionals who provide assistance to pregnant women through holistic models which include the assessment and adjustment of childbirth expectations.


Assuntos
Parto Obstétrico/psicologia , Parto/psicologia , Satisfação do Paciente , Personalidade , Adaptação Psicológica , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Gravidez , Estudos Prospectivos , Espanha , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto Jovem
8.
Women Health ; 58(2): 204-220, 2018 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28103153

RESUMO

Agreeableness is associated with good mental health during pregnancy. Although different studies have indicated that agreeableness is related to adaptive coping, this relation has scarcely been studied in pregnant women. The aim of this study was to analyze the possible differences between high and low agreeableness in relation to coping strategies and psychiatric symptoms in pregnant women. We conducted a longitudinal prospective study between October 2009 and January 2013. Pregnant women (n = 285) were assessed in the first trimester of pregnancy, and 122 of them were assessed during the third. Data were collected using the Coping Strategies Questionnaire, the Symptom Check List 90-R, and the agreeableness subscale of the NEO-FFI. Using the SPSS 21 statistics package, binary logistic regression, two-way mixed analysis of variance, and multiple regression analyses and a Sobel test were conducted. Higher levels of agreeableness were associated with positive reappraisal and problem-solving, and lower levels of agreeableness were associated with overt emotional expression and negative self-focused coping. Women with low agreeableness had poorer mental health, especially in the first trimester. These findings should be taken into account to improve women's experiences during pregnancy. Nevertheless, given the scarcity of data, additional studies are needed.


Assuntos
Adaptação Psicológica , Transtornos Mentais/diagnóstico , Gestantes/etnologia , Gestantes/psicologia , População Branca/psicologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Transtornos Mentais/psicologia , Gravidez , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Espanha/epidemiologia , População Branca/etnologia
9.
Genome Res ; 22(2): 407-19, 2012 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21613409

RESUMO

Most of the studies characterizing DNA methylation patterns have been restricted to particular genomic loci in a limited number of human samples and pathological conditions. Herein, we present a compromise between an extremely comprehensive study of a human sample population with an intermediate level of resolution of CpGs at the genomic level. We obtained a DNA methylation fingerprint of 1628 human samples in which we interrogated 1505 CpG sites. The DNA methylation patterns revealed show this epigenetic mark to be critical in tissue-type definition and stemness, particularly around transcription start sites that are not within a CpG island. For disease, the generated DNA methylation fingerprints show that, during tumorigenesis, human cancer cells underwent a progressive gain of promoter CpG-island hypermethylation and a loss of CpG methylation in non-CpG-island promoters. Although transformed cells are those in which DNA methylation disruption is more obvious, we observed that other common human diseases, such as neurological and autoimmune disorders, had their own distinct DNA methylation profiles. Most importantly, we provide proof of principle that the DNA methylation fingerprints obtained might be useful for translational purposes by showing that we are able to identify the tumor type origin of cancers of unknown primary origin (CUPs). Thus, the DNA methylation patterns identified across the largest spectrum of samples, tissues, and diseases reported to date constitute a baseline for developing higher-resolution DNA methylation maps and provide important clues concerning the contribution of CpG methylation to tissue identity and its changes in the most prevalent human diseases.


Assuntos
Metilação de DNA , Linhagem Celular , Transformação Celular Neoplásica/genética , Análise por Conglomerados , Ilhas de CpG , Epigenômica/métodos , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Neoplasias/genética
10.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 108(11): 4394-9, 2011 Mar 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21368194

RESUMO

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level and are critical for many cellular pathways. The disruption of miRNAs and their processing machineries also contributes to the development of human tumors. A common scenario for miRNA expression in carcinogenesis is emerging that shows that impaired miRNA production and/or down-regulation of these transcripts occurs in many neoplasms. Several of these lost miRNAs have tumor-suppressor features, so strategies to restore their expression globally in malignancies would be a welcome addition to the current therapeutic arsenal against cancer. Herein, we show that the small molecule enoxacin, a fluoroquinolone used as an antibacterial compound, enhances the production of miRNAs with tumor suppressor functions by binding to the miRNA biosynthesis protein TAR RNA-binding protein 2 (TRBP). The use of enoxacin in human cell cultures and xenografted, orthotopic, and metastatic mouse models reveals a TRBP-dependent and cancer-specific growth-inhibitory effect of the drug. These results highlight the key role of disrupted miRNA expression patterns in tumorigenesis, and suggest a unique strategy for restoring the distorted microRNAome of cancer cells to a more physiological setting.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Enoxacino/farmacologia , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Neoplasias/patologia , Processamento Pós-Transcricional do RNA/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/metabolismo , Bibliotecas de Moléculas Pequenas/farmacologia , Animais , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Nus , MicroRNAs/biossíntese , Mutação/genética , Neoplasias/metabolismo , Ligação Proteica/efeitos dos fármacos , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto
11.
Cancer Discov ; 14(7): 1147-1153, 2024 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38870393

RESUMO

Cancer Core Europe brings together the expertise, resources, and interests of seven leading cancer institutes committed to leveraging collective innovation and collaboration in precision oncology. Through targeted efforts addressing key medical challenges in cancer and partnerships with multiple stakeholders, the consortium seeks to advance cancer research and enhance equitable patient care.


Assuntos
Oncologia , Neoplasias , Humanos , Europa (Continente) , Oncologia/organização & administração , Oncologia/métodos , Neoplasias/terapia , Pesquisa Biomédica/organização & administração , Medicina de Precisão/métodos
12.
Cont Lens Anterior Eye ; 46(3): 101815, 2023 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36725461

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To introduce a fully objective method to measure corneoscleral junction (CSJ) angle and evaluate the CSJ angle in healthy eyes. METHODS: Corneoscleral topography (Eye Surface Profiler, ESP) was acquired from the right eye of 105 healthy Caucasian subjects, ranging from 18 to 59 years old. From the raw anterior eye height data, the topographic limbus was automatically demarcated in 360 semi-meridians. Further, in limbal location, the CSJ angle was automatically calculated from corneoscleral height data using neighbouring auxiliary points for angle calculation. Additionally, CSJ angle was statistically analysed regionally. RESULTS: The mean CSJ angle was 177.5 ± 1.1°. There is a mean difference of 7.7 ± 3.7° between the steepest (smallest) and flattest (largest) CSJ angle within the same eye. There exist statistically significant differences between temporal (178.2 ± 1.4°) and nasal (176.4 ± 1.1°) regions (paired t-test, p < 0.001), and between superior (178.1 ± 1.1°) and inferior (177.9 ± 1.1°) regions (p = 0.038). CSJ angle is correlated with limbus position (r = 0.43, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: CSJ angle is rotationally asymmetric. CSJ varies regionally, being the smallest (steepest) in the nasal region. Significant rough changes in CSJ angle were observed for some healthy individuals.


Assuntos
Limbo da Córnea , Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Topografia da Córnea/métodos , Voluntários Saudáveis , População Branca , Esclera
13.
Polymers (Basel) ; 16(1)2023 Dec 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38201678

RESUMO

The relationships between gas permeability and free volume fraction, intersegmental distance, and glass transition temperature, are investigated. They are analyzed for He, CO2, O2, CH4, and N2 gases and for five similar polyimides with a wide range of permeabilities, from very low to extremely high ones. It has been established here that there is an exponential relationship between permeability and the free volume fraction, and between permeability and the most probable intersegmental distance as measured by WAXS; in both cases, with an exponential coefficient that depends on the kinetic gas diameter as a quadratic polynomial and with a preexponential positive constant. Moreover, it has been proven that the intersegmental distance increases linearly with the free volume fraction. Finally, it has been established that the free volume fraction increases with the glass transition temperature for the polymers tested, and that they depend on each other in an approximate linear way.

14.
Polymers (Basel) ; 14(15)2022 Aug 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35956689

RESUMO

A set of thermally rearranged mixed matrix membranes (TR-MMMs) was manufactured and tested for gas separation. These membranes were obtained through the thermal treatment of a precursor MMM with a microporous polymer network and an o-hydroxypolyamide,(HPA) created through a reaction of 2,2-bis(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl)-hexafluoropropane (APAF) and 5'-terbutil-m-terfenilo-3,3″-dicarboxylic acid dichloride (tBTmCl). This HPA was blended with different percentages of a porous polymer network (PPN) filler, which produced gas separation MMMs with enhanced gas permeability but with decreased selectivity. The thermal treatment of these MMMs gave membranes with excellent gas separation properties that did not show the selectivity decreasing trend. It was observed that the use of the PPN load brought about a small decrease in the initial mass losses, which were lower for increasing PPN loads. Regarding the glass transition temperature, it was observed that the use of the filler translated to a slightly lower Tg value. When these MMMs and TR-MMMs were compared with the analogous materials created from the isomeric 5'-terbutil-m-terfenilo-4,4″-dicarboxylic acid dichloride (tBTpCl), the permeability was lower for that of tBTmCl, compared with the one from tBTpCl, although selectivity was quite similar. This fact could be attributed to a lower rigidity as roughly confirmed by the segmental length of the polymer chain as studied by WAXS. A model for FFV calculation was proposed and its predictions compared with those evaluated from density measurements assuming a matrix-filler interaction or ideal independence. It turns out that permeability as a function of FFV for TR-MMMs follows an interaction trend, while those not thermally treated follow the non-interaction trend until relatively high PPN loads were reached.

15.
Cancer Res ; 82(12): 2269-2280, 2022 06 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35442400

RESUMO

The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway regulates proliferation, survival, and metabolism and is frequently activated across human cancers. A comprehensive elucidation of how this signaling pathway controls transcriptional and cotranscriptional processes could provide new insights into the key functions of PI3K signaling in cancer. Here, we undertook a transcriptomic approach to investigate genome-wide gene expression and transcription factor activity changes, as well as splicing and isoform usage dynamics, downstream of PI3K. These analyses uncovered widespread alternatively spliced isoforms linked to proliferation, metabolism, and splicing in PIK3CA-mutant cells, which were reversed by inhibition of PI3Kα. Analysis of paired tumor biopsies from patients with PIK3CA-mutated breast cancer undergoing treatment with PI3Kα inhibitors identified widespread splicing alterations that affect specific isoforms in common with the preclinical models, and these alterations, namely PTK2/FRNK and AFMID isoforms, were validated as functional drivers of cancer cell growth or migration. Mechanistically, isoform-specific splicing factors mediated PI3K-dependent RNA splicing. Treatment with splicing inhibitors rendered breast cancer cells more sensitive to the PI3Kα inhibitor alpelisib, resulting in greater growth inhibition than alpelisib alone. This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of widespread splicing alterations driven by oncogenic PI3K in breast cancer. The atlas of PI3K-mediated splicing programs establishes a key role for the PI3K pathway in regulating splicing, opening new avenues for exploiting PI3K signaling as a therapeutic vulnerability in breast cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: Transcriptomic analysis reveals a key role for the PI3K pathway in regulating RNA splicing, uncovering new mechanisms by which PI3K regulates proliferation and metabolism in breast cancer. See related commentary by Claridge and Hopkins, p. 2216.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Carcinogênese/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Classe I de Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/genética , Feminino , Humanos , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinase/genética , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinase/metabolismo , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/genética , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/metabolismo , Splicing de RNA/genética , Transcriptoma
16.
eNeuro ; 9(3)2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35508370

RESUMO

Because of their ex utero development, relatively simple nervous system, translucency, and availability of tools to investigate neural function, larval zebrafish are an exceptional model for understanding neurodevelopmental disorders and the consequences of environmental toxins. Furthermore, early in development, zebrafish larvae easily absorb chemicals from water, a significant advantage over methods required to expose developing organisms to chemical agents in utero Bisphenol A (BPA) and BPA analogs are ubiquitous environmental toxins with known molecular consequences. All humans have measurable quantities of BPA in their bodies. Most concerning, the level of BPA exposure is correlated with neurodevelopmental difficulties in people. Given the importance of understanding the health-related effects of this common toxin, we have exploited the experimental advantages of the larval zebrafish model system to investigate the behavioral and anatomic effects of BPA exposure. We discovered that BPA exposure early in development leads to deficits in the processing of sensory information, as indicated by BPA's effects on prepulse inhibition (PPI) and short-term habituation (STH) of the C-start reflex. We observed no changes in locomotion, thigmotaxis, and repetitive behaviors (circling). Despite changes in sensory processing, we detected no regional or whole-brain volume changes. Our results show that early BPA exposure can induce sensory processing deficits, as revealed by alterations in simple behaviors that are mediated by a well-defined neural circuit.


Assuntos
Compostos Benzidrílicos , Peixe-Zebra , Animais , Compostos Benzidrílicos/toxicidade , Humanos , Larva , Percepção , Fenóis
17.
eNeuro ; 7(6)2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33004417

RESUMO

Larval zebrafish possess a number of molecular and genetic advantages for rigorous biological analyses of learning and memory. These advantages have motivated the search for novel forms of memory in these animals that can be exploited for understanding the cellular and molecular bases of vertebrate memory formation and consolidation. Here, we report a new form of behavioral sensitization in zebrafish larvae that is elicited by an aversive chemical stimulus [allyl isothiocyanate (AITC)] and that persists for ≥30 min. This form of sensitization is expressed as enhanced locomotion and thigmotaxis, as well as elevated heart rate. To characterize the neural basis of this nonassociative memory, we used transgenic zebrafish expressing the fluorescent calcium indicator GCaMP6 (Chen et al., 2013); because of the transparency of larval zebrafish, we could optically monitor neural activity in the brain of intact transgenic zebrafish before and after the induction of sensitization. We found a distinct brain area, previously linked to locomotion, that exhibited persistently enhanced neural activity following washout of AITC; this enhanced neural activity correlated with the behavioral sensitization. These results establish a novel form of memory in larval zebrafish and begin to unravel the neural basis of this memory.


Assuntos
Memória , Peixe-Zebra , Animais , Animais Geneticamente Modificados , Larva , Locomoção
18.
Breastfeed Med ; 13(10): 680-686, 2018 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30403497

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The benefits of breastfeeding are well known for mother and child. Research about the predictive factors related to the initiation and maintenance of breastfeeding is of great interest to public health. AIM: To analyze the factors associated with the timely initiation of breastfeeding at immediate postpartum and the variables that facilitate their maintenance 4 months after birth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A longitudinal prospective design was used, including four stages: first trimester of pregnancy (personality), third trimester (childbirth expectations, breastfeeding intention, pregnancy worries, and coping strategies), immediately after childbirth (initiation of breastfeeding and childbirth satisfaction), and 4 months after birth (continuation of breastfeeding). RESULTS: A sample of 116 women took part in the study from the first trimester to 4 months after birth. Timely initiation of breastfeeding is associated with vaginal birth (p < 0.000) and with variables related to the absence of stress factors: fewer worries regarding childbirth (p = 0.009), higher satisfaction during birth in relation to holding the baby (p > 0.000), and the meeting of expectations (p = 0.017). These associations disappear when the type of birth is introduced. Maintenance of breastfeeding is associated with maternal personality and psychosocial variables: openness to experience (p = 0.007), increased worries about coping with the baby (p = 0.046), relationship with partner (p = 0.047), and overt emotional expression (p = 0.040). CONCLUSION: Different factors are associated with initiation and maintenance of breastfeeding. Specific prevention strategies are needed, aimed toward health care staff for improving breastfeeding initiation and to empower women during the entire pregnancy for breastfeeding maintenance.


Assuntos
Aleitamento Materno/psicologia , Aleitamento Materno/estatística & dados numéricos , Mães/psicologia , Mães/estatística & dados numéricos , Personalidade , Adulto , Feminino , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Intenção , Estudos Longitudinais , Comportamento Materno , Relações Mãe-Filho , Período Pós-Parto/psicologia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Gravidez , Estudos Prospectivos , Espanha/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem
19.
PhytoKeys ; (88): 39-69, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29118646

RESUMO

The Lerma-Chapala Basin, in Central Mexico, is geologically heterogeneous, climatically diverse and boasts high biodiversity, lying within two Biodiversity Hotspots, namely Mesoamerica and the Madrean Pine-Oak Woodlands. Epilithon and water samples were collected in the basin from 14 sampling sites three times each, two sampling campaigns during the rainy season and one in the dry season. A total of 274 infrageneric taxa in 48 genera were recorded. The taxonomic composition observed was dominated by taxa from the genera Nitzschia, Gomphonema, Pinnularia, Navicula, Sellaphora and Eunotia. About a third of the taxa found could not be identified to the species level. From those unidentified morphodemes, two are described as new species, namely Brachysira altepetlensis and Sellaphora queretana. Furthermore, Eolimna rhombica is transferred to Sellaphora. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) revealed that specific conductivity and pH were the main environmental factors driving the community composition observed. Three groups of samples were identified after the CCA: 1) characterized by acidic waters and low conductivity; 2) with circumneutral waters, low specific conductivity and high temperature and phosphorous concentrations; and 3) characterized by circumneutral waters, high conductivity and low nitrogen concentrations. The indicator value method (IndVal), based on the relative abundance and relative frequency of the most abundant taxa was calculated based on the groups observed in the CCA, identifying the characteristic taxa for each of the three groups.

20.
Nat Med ; 2021 Mar 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33658709
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA