[The Arnett Inventory of Sensation Seeking (AISS): a French-speaking validation and psychometric examination in young students]. / L'Arnett Inventory of Sensation Seeking (AISS): validation et évaluation psychométrique chez une population de jeunes étudiants français.

INTRODUCTION: In French-speaking countries, the concept of sensation seeking has been most widely assessed using the Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale form V (SSS), since this instrument was validated (in French) more than 15 years ago. This instrument has received several criticisms which limit the internal and external consistencies. Indeed, five limitations of conception and form could reduce the fact that many researchers have found the SSSV to be valid and useful and, more importantly, the conclusions that can be drawn from studies in which it has been used (e.g; tautological relationships, a forced-choice format, language of some items is out-of-date). Arnett thus developed a new measurement (Arnett Inventory of Sensation Seeking, AISS) based on a new conceptualization of sensation seeking, which is characterized by the need for novelty and intensity of stimulation, whereas sensation seeking, as developed by Zuckerman, is marked by a need for novelty and complexity of stimulation. The AISS has been translated and validated in Spanish and in German. Both studies found support for the bi-dimensional structure of the instrument. Currently, there is no French-speaking version of the AISS, and because of the cultural differences between English- and French-speaking populations, we cannot simply translate the instrument without examining the reliability and the factorial validity. Hence, we followed the seven steps of the cross-cultural validation methodology for psychological questionnaires presented by Vallerand. METHOD: Questionnaires were distributed to 782 young adults. Out of these questionnaires, 737 (94%) were returned. One hundred and sixteen questionnaires were removed because of missing data. Thus, a total of 621 young adults were included in the study. They were aged from 18 to 28 years (M=23.32, SD=2.79). They completed the SSS and the AISS. We conducted a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the data set, using Amos 6.0, to assess the validity of the bi-dimensional structure; we also examined the internal consistencies, and tested the potential gender differences. RESULTS: The analyses show that the fit indices, associated with the model with 20 items proposed by Arnett, were poor. We therefore had to modify it and delete some items in order to provide a more satisfactory account of the data. The fit indices from the confirmatory factor analysis were adequate for a two-factor structure with six items on each subscale. Pearson's correlation coefficients supported convergent validity of the questionnaire. Internal consistency reliabilities Cronbach's α were calculated for each of the factors and for the total scale. The reliability coefficients for the Intensity and Novelty subscales were 0.621 and 0.567, respectively, whereas the reliability of the overall scale was 0.646. In order to assess the differences between both sexes, we carried out a multivariate analysis of variance with gender as independent variables, and intensity, novelty and the total score of the revised AISS as dependent variables. Men scored higher than women on the Total Scale and on the Intensity subscale, but no gender relationship was found on Novelty subscale. DISCUSSION: These findings replicated research supporting the construct validity and reliability of the AISS in previous psychometric examinations. The results of this preliminary study yielded sufficient support for the validity of the French translation of the AISS, but further analyses, such as test-retest reliability and discriminant validity should be conducted.

[Fertilization failure in IVF and ICSI]. / Les échecs de fécondation en FIV et en ICSI.

OBJECTIVES: To assess male and female clinical and biological parameters that may explain fertilization failure in vitro fertilization (IVF) and IVF with intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective case-control study including 1282 IVF or ICSI cycles at the centre hospitalier universitaire of Nantes from September 2010 to February 2012. The "Fertilization Failure" group, showing no sign of fertilization, has been compared with the "Control patients" group, getting at least one embryo. RESULTS: Several significant differences were noted as, in the "Fertilization Failure" group, lower values of antral follicles (P<0.05), of inseminated oocytes (P<0.001) and active sperm (P<0.001) in IVF, and a lower quantity and quality of oocytes (P<0.001) in ICSI. The correlation tests have confirmed a significant association with these parameters. However, the logistic regression tests did not identify explanatory or predictive factor in IVF or ICSI. CONCLUSION: In our study, in accordance with literature data, impaired sperm parameters were mainly involved in complete fertilization failure in IVF, and a lower oocyte quality in ICSI.

[Premature delivery: a traumatic birth? Posttraumatic stress symptoms and associated features]. / L'accouchement prématuré : une naissance traumatique ? Symptômes de stress posttraumatique et variables associées.

OBJECTIVES: While researches focusing on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms following childbirth tend to develop, few studies have been conducted on French samples. The aim of the current study was to explore the prevalence rate of women developing postpartum PTSD following preterm birth and highlighting associated features. PATIENTS AND METHOD: In the 4weeks following the preterm infant's hospital discharge, a sample of 110 French women (mean age [SD]=29.5 [4.3]years) who delivered prematurely completed questionnaires assessing PTSD symptoms (Impact of Event Scale-Revised) postpartum depressive symptomatology (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale), quality of marital relationship (Dyadic Adjustment Scale) and partner support (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support). Sociodemographic and gynecologic data were also gathered. RESULTS: Thirty percent of our sample reported a score on the IES-R highlighting a probable posttraumatic stress disorder. Increased postpartum depressive symptoms (ß=0.47, P<0.05), having undergone a caesarian section (ß=0.24, P<0.05), and prior traumatic event (ß=0.20, P<0.05), were independently associated with the intensity of PTSD symptoms. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Given the traumatic impact of preterm birth on mothers, further studies focusing on the trauma of premature delivery are warranted.

[Facial coloboma: report of an exceptional prenatal case and interest of three-dimensional ultrasonography]. / Colobome facial: à propos d'une observation anténatale précoce exceptionnelle; apport de l'échographie en 3-dimensions.

We report a rare case of Tessier no. 4 craniofacial cleft diagnosed by ultrasound imaging at 10 weeks' gestation. Tessier no. 4 craniofacial cleft is a very rare and complex congenital abnormality, characterized by an oblique orbitomaxillary facial cleft. Prenatal diagnosis of orofacial clefting is usually done at midtrimester of pregnancy, based on careful sonographic examination of the fetal face. However conventional 2D ultrasound is limited in screening isolated cleft palate and defects of the secondary palate. Thus, 3D ultrasound shows a greater sensitivity in a referred population and antenatal evaluation of facial clefs.

[Interest of 3D ultrasound in the follow-up of tubal sterilizations: case report of a rare tubal perforation]. / Intérêt de l'échographie en 3 dimensions dans le suivi des stérilisations tubaires : à propos d'un cas rare de perforation.

The Essure™ system's effectiveness is based on the follow-up at three months. The challenge is to find a minimally invasive imaging technique to locate the devices. Therefore, many authors recommend three-dimensional ultrasound in first-line. We report here an exceptional case of tubal perforation for which ultrasound failed to diagnose. Until then, only three cases have been reported in the literature, noting the difficulty to diagnose this complication. Indeed, although ultrasound is described as reliable, reproducible and non-radiating, it is a dynamic examination, operator dependent, exposing to the risk of misinterpretation.

[Is there still any interest of x-ray pelvimetry for women with a scarred uterus]. / Reste-t-il une indication pour la radiopelvimétrie en cas d'utérus cicatriciel?

OBJECTIVES: To revalue the interest of X-ray pelvimetry and analyse our current management of patients with a previous caesarean delivery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Case-control retrospective study reviewing 418 case records of women with a scarred uterus: a study group of 206 parturients who delivered in 2002, when X-ray pelvimetry was the rule, compared with a control group of 212 parturients who delivered in 2007, without any X-ray pelvimetry. Outcomes of labour, influence of X-ray pelvimetry, indications of caesarean sections, rates of uterine rupture and neonatal well-being have been analysed. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between both groups concerning the outcomes of labour. The transverse pelvic diameter is positively correlated with an eutocic delivery and inversely correlated with the rate of caesarean section performed during labour because of obstructed labour. Measurements of the pelvis were unrelated neither to the risk of uterine rupture nor to the neonatal outcome. The risk of uterine rupture is significantly higher when an emergency caesarean section is required. CONCLUSION: Our study brings to light a complementary point of view about X-ray pelvimetry. Indeed, our results show that it could be useful in the following of a caesarean section for obstructed labour.