RESUMO
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has profoundly impacted the world, including disruptions in lifestyles to support physical distancing. It is well known that personality plays a role in lifestyle behaviors such that certain traits predict health and well-being. The present study examined the relationship between grit and lifestyle behaviors during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic and initial lockdowns in the United States. It was hypothesized that those with more grit would engage in healthier lifestyle behaviors of increased physical activity, less sedentary time, and better eating habits. Using an internet-based survey, data was collected from adults from April 13th to May 4th, 2020. Survey questions focused on demographics, grit, physical activity and sedentary time, and dietary habits. Associations between grit and lifestyle were examined using a combination of hierarchical multiple regression analyses and ANCOVAs. The sample of 888 adults (age: 34.8 ± 14.0) was 74.2% female. Those with higher grit were more physically active, reported less sedentary time, and practiced better dietary habits. Collectively, these findings suggest that grit may help individuals lead a healthier lifestyle during stressful or negative events such as a global pandemic. Future work should examine the role of grit on lifestyle behaviors as the quarantine continues.
RESUMO
Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) makes it possible to determine the relatedness of bacterial isolates at a high resolution, thereby helping to characterize outbreaks. However, for Staphylococcus aureus, the accumulation of within-host diversity during carriage might limit the interpretation of sequencing data. In this study, we hypothesized the converse, namely, that within-host diversity can in fact be exploited to reveal the involvement of long-term carriers (LTCs) in outbreaks. We analyzed WGS data from 20 historical outbreaks and applied phylogenetic methods to assess genetic relatedness and to estimate the time to most recent common ancestor (TMRCA). The findings were compared with the routine investigation results and epidemiological evidence. Outbreaks with epidemiological evidence for an LTC source had a mean estimated TMRCA (adjusted for outbreak duration) of 243 days (95% highest posterior density interval [HPD], 143 to 343 days) compared with 55 days (95% HPD, 28 to 81 days) for outbreaks lacking epidemiological evidence for an LTC (P = 0.004). A threshold of 156 days predicted LTC involvement with a sensitivity of 0.875 and a specificity of 1. We also found 6/20 outbreaks included isolates with differing antimicrobial susceptibility profiles; however, these had only modestly increased pairwise diversity (mean 17.5 single nucleotide variants [SNVs] [95% confidence interval {CI}, 17.3 to 17.8]) compared with isolates with identical antibiograms (12.7 SNVs [95% CI, 12.5 to 12.8]) (P < 0.0001). Additionally, for 2 outbreaks, WGS identified 1 or more isolates that were genetically distinct despite having the outbreak pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pulsotype. The duration-adjusted TMRCA allowed the involvement of LTCs in outbreaks to be identified and could be used to decide whether screening for long-term carriage (e.g., in health care workers) is warranted. Requiring identical antibiograms to trigger investigation could miss important contributors to outbreaks.
Assuntos
Portador Sadio/epidemiologia , Surtos de Doenças , Tipagem Molecular , Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia , Staphylococcus aureus/classificação , Staphylococcus aureus/genética , Sequenciamento Completo do Genoma , Adulto , Portador Sadio/microbiologia , Eletroforese em Gel de Campo Pulsado , Genótipo , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Filogenia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Previous studies have shown conflicting information regarding leg dominance as an etiological factor for the risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. It remains unclear if lower extremity neuromechanical limb asymmetries exist in experienced athletes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate lower extremity neuromechanical effects of leg dominance in female collegiate soccer athletes during an unanticipated side-step cutting task. Twenty female collegiate soccer players completed an unanticipated side-step cutting task, using their dominant and non-dominant legs. Kinematic and kinetic data were collected to quantify joint angles and forces, with wireless electromyography (EMG) quantifying muscle activity. MANOVA's were conducted to determine the effect of leg dominance on hip and knee mechanics at and between pre-contact, initial contact, peak knee adduction moment, and peak stance periods. Dependent variables consisted of peak time occurrences, hip and knee rotations and moments, ground reaction force, EMG amplitudes, stance time, and approach velocity. No significant differences were found for any variables at or between the periods of interest. Collegiate female soccer athletes exhibit similar movement patterns between dominant and non-dominant legs while performing a side-step cutting task, suggesting that leg dominance does not adversely influence known biomechanical non-contact ACL risk factors.
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Lateralidade Funcional , Articulação do Joelho/fisiologia , Futebol , Adolescente , Lesões do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/etiologia , Atletas , Traumatismos em Atletas/etiologia , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Eletromiografia , Feminino , Articulação do Quadril/fisiologia , Humanos , Movimento/fisiologia , Fatores de Risco , Futebol/lesões , Gravação em Vídeo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
PURPOSE: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is defined as S. aureus genetically having the mecA or mecC genes or phenotypically showing minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of oxacillin higher than 2 mg/L. However, recently, cefoxitin/oxacillin-susceptible mecA-positive S. aureus (OS-MRSA) has been reported worldwide. Little is known about the prevalence and virulence of these strains among clinically significant isolates in the UK. The aims were to (1) investigate the prevalence of OS-MRSA in seven major hospitals in the Wessex region/UK from a cohort of 500 clinically significant phenotypically identified MSSA isolates, (2) genetically characterise OS-MRSA strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and compare these to common UK epidemic strains; and (3) to determine Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL; lukFS) gene carriage rates among these isolates. RESULTS: OS-MRSA was found in six isolates (1.2 %) of phenotypically identified and reported MSSA isolates by conventional methods. PFGE showed OS-MRSA strains to be genetically diverse and distinct from the common UK epidemic strains EMRSA-15 and EMRSA-16. None of these OS-MRSA stains carried the genes encoding PVL; however, overall positivity rate for PVL was 4.4 %, much higher than the nationally reported rates of 2 % in the UK. CONCLUSION: There are still many unknowns regarding phenotypic and/or genetic characterization of the emerging OS-MRSA isolates in the UK and worldwide. Data regarding their epidemiology and optimal therapy for infection are limited and need further investigation not only in the UK, but also worldwide, as it is likely to have an impact on the empirical treatment of S. aureus infections.
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Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/isolamento & purificação , Meticilina/farmacologia , Oxacilina/farmacologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Toxinas Bacterianas/genética , Toxinas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Eletroforese em Gel de Campo Pulsado , Inglaterra/epidemiologia , Exotoxinas/genética , Exotoxinas/metabolismo , Humanos , Leucocidinas/genética , Leucocidinas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação às Penicilinas , Prevalência , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Incorporating variability within gait rehabilitation offers a promising approach to restore functional capacity. However, it's success requires adequate synchronization, a parameter that lacks report in most of the literature regarding cued gait training. RESEARCH QUESTION: How changes to synchronization performance during fractal-like and isochronous cueing impacts gait variability measures? METHODS: We asked twelve young male participants to walk in synchronization to two different temporally structure cueing (isochronous [ISO] and fractal [FRC]). We have also manipulated the cueing's tempo by increasing and decreasing it by 5% to manipulate synchronization, resulting in six conditions (stimuli [ISO,FRC] x tempo [SLOW, NORMAL, FAST]). The normal condition was set from an uncued trial through the participant's self-paced stride time. Synchronization performance (ASYNC) and gait variability (fractal scaling and coefficient of variation) were calculated from stride time data ( -ISIs,CV-ISIs). Repeated measures analysis of variance or Aligned Rank Transform were conducted to determine significant differences between metronome tempo and stimuli for the dependent variables RESULTS: Our results showed a FAST tempo decreases synchronization performance (ASYNC) and leads to lower -ISIs, for both ISO and FRC stimuli. This indicates that when an individual exhibits poor synchronization during cued gait training, his/her gait variability patterns will not follow the temporal structure of the presented metronome. Specifically, if the individual poorly synchronizes to the cues, the gait patterns become more random, a condition typically observed in older adults and neurological patients, which runs contrary to the hypothesis when using fractal-like metronomes. SIGNIFICANCE: This study provides supporting evidence that measuring synchronization performance in cued training is fundamental for a proper clinical interpretation of its effects. This is particularly relevant for the recent and ongoing clinical research using fractal-like metronomes since the expected gait patterns are dependent on the synchronization performance. Randomized control trials must incorporate synchronization performance related measures.
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Sinais (Psicologia) , Marcha , Idoso , Feminino , Fractais , Humanos , Masculino , CaminhadaRESUMO
Novel endogenous cDNAs of beta-1, 4-endoglucanases (Oa-EGase I and Oa-EGase II) were cloned from the cerambycid beetle Oncideres albomarginata chamela. Oa-EGase I- and Oa-EGase II-deduced proteins and three-dimensional structures possess all features, including general architecture, signature motifs and catalytic domains, of glycosyl hydrolase families 5 and 45 (GHF5 and GHF45) and also share high levels of homology with other beetle cellulases. Total carboxymethylcellulase activity of O. a. chamela was 208.13 U/g of larvae. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that insect GHF5 and GHF45 are very ancient gene families and indicate, at least in the case of GHF5, that this family likely evolved from a common ancestor rather than, as is often reported, via horizontal gene transfer. Beetle GHF45 cellulases did not cluster with other metazoan cellulases. However, the presence of GHF45 cellulases in ancient molluscan taxa puts into question the hypothesis of horizontal gene transfer for the evolution of cellulases in animals.
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Celulase/genética , Besouros/enzimologia , Besouros/genética , DNA Complementar/genética , Evolução Molecular , Modelos Moleculares , Homologia Estrutural de Proteína , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Southern Blotting , Celulase/química , Celulase/metabolismo , Clonagem Molecular , Ensaios Enzimáticos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , Estrutura Secundária de Proteína , Alinhamento de SequênciaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: As a result of the Spanish healthcare system overhaul, quality of care is becoming increasingly important. All burn service providers are required to measure patient satisfaction with care as an imperative need. Nevertheless, there are very few papers regarding patient satisfaction in burn units or in plastic surgery in general. The aim of this study is to examine patient satisfaction in our burn unit and to identify areas for improvement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participants were all patients admitted to the Burn Unit at the Getafe University Hospital (Madrid, Spain) between January 2014 and December 2016. Patient satisfaction was assessed using the SERVQHOS questionnaire and Kano methodology. The SERVQHOS questionnaire was given to all patients at the time of discharge with completion thereof voluntary and anonymous. The Kano model consisted of an in-depth personal interview with patients and their relatives to identify patient requirements. Further, we developed a Kano questionnaire and analysed the results to prioritise the requirements for development activities. RESULTS: A total of 164 SERVQHOS questionnaires were collected, which means 58% of the discharged patients who were asked to participate returned the questionnaire. Mean overall satisfaction score was 3.7 (range 1-4). Ninety-seven per cent of patients would not hesitate to recommend the hospital to others, 90% believed they had stayed in the hospital for the time necessary and 89% did not have any pain relief problems. The issues that were rated the worst by users were those related to objective quality such as room conditions, location directions, ease of discharge from the hospital and employee appearance. The best-valued aspects were those related to subjective quality such as willingness to help patients, ability to inspire trust and confidence, courtesy and personal attention. CONCLUSIONS: Patients hospitalised in our burn unit are highly satisfied with the care they receive, especially with regard to subjective quality. The evaluation of the satisfaction outcomes helped us to identify several strengths and weaknesses in the healthcare services we provide as well as strategies to improve the weaknesses. Evaluating care quality and patient satisfaction in any burn unit is appropriate and recommendable given that it offers clients' first-hand opinions.
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Queimaduras/terapia , Satisfação do Paciente , Adulto , Unidades de Queimados , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Espanha , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Among the different strategies to treat cancer, chemotherapy approaches are the subject of intense research efforts. There is still a high demand for new anticancer drugs exhibiting improved efficiency and selectivity for their use in combined therapy strategies. The high development of molecular and cellular biology tools has made possible the set up of simple in vitro assays, susceptible to automation, thus bringing about the possibility of rapid screening of hundreds of compounds. Chemistry has reacted to this challenge by developing a new technology: combinatorial chemistry. By this procedure large collections of compounds, known as chemical libraries, can be prepared in a rapid and efficient manner. In recent years, combinatorial chemistry has had a great impact on drug discovery programmes addressed to tackling cancer pharmaceutical targets. In this review, the contribution of this technology to the discovery of anticancer drugs that are currently in clinical trials or already in the market is discussed.
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Pesquisa Biomédica/métodos , Técnicas de Química Combinatória , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Quinases Ciclina-Dependentes/antagonistas & inibidores , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos , Humanos , Proteínas Tirosina Quinases/antagonistas & inibidoresAssuntos
Infecções por Bacteroidaceae/microbiologia , Abscesso Encefálico/diagnóstico por imagem , Confusão/etiologia , Tosse/complicações , Pneumopatias/complicações , Paralisia/etiologia , Abscesso Encefálico/microbiologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Pneumopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevotella/isolamento & purificação , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
The exchange of substances between higher organisms and the environment takes place across epithelia consisting of one or more cell layers. To perform this function, epithelial cells have two basic differentiated properties: 1) they form tight junctions (TJs) that seal the extracellular space, and 2) they are polarized into an apical and a basolateral domain, with entirely different structural, biochemical and physiological properties. Our understanding of the mechanisms involved in the expression of these properties has been greatly enhanced by the availability of epithelial cell lines that form TJs and polarize in vitro under conditions suitable for experimental control. In this article we summarize our studies on the synthesis and polarized expression of ion channels in epithelial cells. MDCK cells have four types of K+ channels in the apical domain, and a fifth one in the basolateral domain. The basolateral side also has a population of CI- channels. Each type of channel is absolutely polarized. Harvesting with trypsin-EDTA reduces the area of the plasma membrane by 50% and the channel population by 90%. Upon plating, these channels are recovered within a few hours. We describe here the main extracellular and intracellular mechanisms involved in these phenomena.
Assuntos
Canais Iônicos/metabolismo , Rim/citologia , Canais de Potássio/metabolismo , Animais , Transporte Biológico/fisiologia , Cálcio/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular , Polaridade Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Polaridade Celular/fisiologia , Cães , Células Epiteliais , Epitélio/metabolismo , Rim/metabolismoRESUMO
When individuals perform purposeful actions to fatigue, there is typically a general decline in their movement performance. This study was designed to investigate the effects exercise-induced fatigue has on lower limb kinetics and kinematics during a side-step cutting task. In particular, it was of interest to determine what changes could be seen in mean amplitude and all metrics of signal variability with fatigue. The results of the study revealed that post-fatigue there was an overall decrease in absolute force production as reflected by a decline in mean amplitude and variability (SD) of the ground reaction forces (GRFV and GRFML). A decrease in mean and SD of the knee moments were also observed post-exercise. Interestingly, this trend was not mirrored by similar changes in time-dependent properties of these signals. Instead, there was an increase in the SampEn values (reflecting a more variable, irregular signal) for GRF force profiles, knee kinematics and moments following the exercise-induced fatigue. These results illustrate that fatigue can have differential effects on movement variability, resulting in a both an increase and decrease in movement variability, depending on the variable selected. Thus, the impact of fatigue is not simply restricted to a decline in force producing capacity of the system but more importantly it demonstrates that the ability of the person to perform a smooth and controlled action is limited due to fatigue.
Assuntos
Extremidade Inferior/fisiologia , Movimento/fisiologia , Fadiga Muscular/fisiologia , Fenômenos Biomecânicos/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Contração Muscular/fisiologia , Exercícios de Alongamento Muscular , Amplitude de Movimento Articular/fisiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
This study was designed to examine differences in the coupling dynamics between upper limb motion, physiological tremor and whole body postural sway in young healthy adults. Acceleration of the hand and fingers, forearm EMG activity and postural sway data were recorded. Estimation of the degree of bilateral and limb motion-postural sway coupling was determined by cross correlation, coherence and Cross-ApEn analyses. The results revealed that, under postural tremor conditions, there was no significant coupling between limbs, muscles or sway across all metrics of coupling. In contrast, performing a rapid alternating flexion/extension movement about the wrist joint (with one or both limbs) resulted in stronger coupling between limb motion and postural sway. These results support the view that, for physiological tremor responses, the control of postural sway is maintained independent to tremor in the upper limb. However, increasing the level of movement about a distal segment of one arm (or both) leads to increased coupling throughout the body. The basis for this increased coupling would appear to be related to the enhanced neural drive to task-specific muscles within the upper limb.
Assuntos
Mãos/fisiologia , Movimento , Equilíbrio Postural , Postura , Tremor , Aceleração , Eletromiografia , Dedos/fisiologia , Antebraço/fisiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
A characteristic of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the development of tremor within the 4-6Hz range. One method used to better understand pathological tremor is to compare the responses to tremor-type actions generated intentionally in healthy adults. This study was designed to investigate the similarities and differences between voluntarily generated 4-6Hz tremor and PD tremor in regards to their amplitude, frequency and coupling characteristics. Tremor responses for 8 PD individuals (on- and off-medication) and 12 healthy adults were assessed under postural and resting conditions. Results showed that the voluntary and PD tremor were essentially identical with regards to the amplitude and peak frequency. However, differences between the groups were found for the variability (SD of peak frequency, proportional power) and regularity (Approximate Entropy, ApEn) of the tremor signal. Additionally, coherence analysis revealed strong inter-limb coupling during voluntary conditions while no bilateral coupling was seen for the PD persons. Overall, healthy participants were able to produce a 5Hz tremulous motion indistinguishable to that of PD patients in terms of peak frequency and amplitude. However, differences in the structure of variability and level of inter-limb coupling were found for the tremor responses of the PD and healthy adults. These differences were preserved irrespective of the medication state of the PD persons. The results illustrate the importance of assessing the pattern of signal structure/variability to discriminate between different tremor forms, especially where no differences emerge in standard measures of mean amplitude as traditionally defined.
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Doença de Parkinson/fisiopatologia , Tremor/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Movimento (Física) , Periodicidade , Postura , Descanso , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Máscaras Laríngeas , Sucção/métodos , Adulto , Desenho de Equipamento , Feminino , Humanos , Sucção/instrumentaçãoRESUMO
Two organ recipients developed serologic evidence of syphilis infection after renal transplantation from a common deceased donor with a history of treated syphilis. Testing of donor serum for syphilis, which occurred after transplantation, gave results interpreted as consistent with past infection. However, subsequent serologic results in the recipients suggested transmission of infection at transplantation due to active infection of the donor. This may be explained by recent donor re-infection in view of the current syphilis epidemic in the United Kingdom. An initial error in the treatment of recipients further served to highlight unfamiliarity in managing this resurgent infection in the context of organ transplantation.
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Transplante de Rim/efeitos adversos , Sífilis/transmissão , Adulto , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/análise , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Sífilis/microbiologia , Treponema pallidum/imunologiaRESUMO
Background: Due to the progressive aging of our population, it is imperative to evaluate the life conditions and health limitations of older people. Aim: To report the results of an integral geriatric evaluation of Mexican older people. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional assessment of 324 older subjects of a median age of 70 years (57 percent females) beneficiaries of the Mexican Institute of Social Security of the city of Querétaro. Social, demographic, medical, functional and cognitive variables were evaluated. Results: Of the studied subjects, 37 percent were illiterate, 61 percent lived with a partner and 47 percent were dedicated to household activities. Thirty three percent had visual impairment, 54 percent had hearing impairment, 39 percent had urinary incontinence, 26 percent reported falls in the last six months, 34 percent had nutritional problems, 38 percent were functionally dependent, 49 percent had sleeping problems, 25 percent had cognitive impairment and 25 percent had depression. Conclusions: The general health outlook of this population is encouraging, considering that more than half are not functionally impaired.
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Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Atividades Cotidianas , Envelhecimento , Transtornos Cognitivos/epidemiologia , Avaliação Geriátrica/métodos , Envelhecimento/fisiologia , Envelhecimento/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , México/epidemiologia , Fatores SocioeconômicosRESUMO
Arousal depends on the concerted activity of the ascending arousal system (AAS) but specific stimuli may primarily activate some nuclei of this system. Motivated behaviours are characterized by behavioural arousal, although it is not known which AAS nuclei are active during a motivated behaviour. To address this issue, rats were rendered motivated for food by fasting them for 1 day and then were enticed with food that they could not obtain for varying periods of time. We studied the level of arousal by polysomnography or radiotelemetry, and Fos-ir in the AAS, during food enticing. We found a strong arousal and an early increase in Fos-ir in the histaminergic neurons from the tuberomammillary nucleus, after 30 min of enticing, followed by increased Fos-ir in the whole AAS if food enticing was prolonged to 1 or 2 hours. In contrast, food presentation to non-motivated rats did not increase arousal or Fos-ir in the tuberomammillary nucleus. As opposed to the active arousal of the motivated rats, passive arousal induced by sensory stimulation was associated with increased Fos-ir in the locus coeruleus and the orexin neurons, but not with increased Fos-ir in the tuberomammillary nucleus or in the other nuclei of the AAS. We conclude that the arousal during feeding-related motivated behaviour is associated primarily with the activation of the tuberomammillary nucleus, while the other arousal-related nuclei become active later on.
Assuntos
Nível de Alerta/fisiologia , Comportamento Alimentar/fisiologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/fisiologia , Histamina/metabolismo , Motivação , Neurônios/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-fos/metabolismo , Vias Aferentes/citologia , Vias Aferentes/metabolismo , Animais , Comportamento Animal , Temperatura Corporal/fisiologia , Contagem de Células/métodos , Alimentos , Hipotálamo/citologia , Hipotálamo/metabolismo , Imuno-Histoquímica/métodos , Masculino , Atividade Motora/fisiologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Fatores de Tempo , Tirosina 3-Mono-Oxigenase/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The use of Rotablator in percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty attempts to reduce the atheromatous plaque abrading it and fragmenting the parietal calcium of the artery. AIM: To report our experience with the use of Rotablator. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Rotational atherectomy was performed in 189 patients aged 60.8 +/- 11 years (154 men). The clinical indication for the procedure was chronic angina in 22%, unstable angina in 44%, myocardial infarction in 21%, silent angina in 7% and re-stenosis in 6%. One hundred seventy seven patients were followed for a mean of 15.9 +/- 6.3 months. RESULTS: Two hundred thirty six stenoses in 215 coronary arteries were treated with a 98.7% angiographic success rate. One patient had a Q infarction and no patient died or required emergency surgery. Fourteen patients had rises in CK MB enzymes (non Q infarction). Three patients had a pseudoaneurism and three had bleedings that required transfusion. Of the followed patients, 33 had a clinically suspected re-stenosis, that was angiographically confirmed in 23. Cardiac mortality was 2.3%. Seventy nine percent of patients had an evolution without angina or coronary events. CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with the use of Rotablator had a high immediate success rate and a low incidence of complications. The clinical evolution of patients has been favorable with a low incidence of mortality and ischemic events.
Assuntos
Angioplastia Coronária com Balão/instrumentação , Aterectomia Coronária/instrumentação , Doença das Coronárias/cirurgia , Infarto do Miocárdio/cirurgia , Idoso , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae is characterized by neutrophil infiltration and variable epithelial injury. Neutrophil adhesion to alveolar epithelial pneumocytes (A549) was measured and demonstrated to be dose-dependent following preincubation of these (A549) pneumocytes with type 1 S. pneumoniae. Adhesion peaked at a bacteria-to-epithelial cell ratio of 5:1 after a 4-h incubation but was absent after 2 h and without FMLP. Filtered conditioned media (CM) from pneumococci cultured with (CM+) or without (CM-) epithelial cells were tested. CM+ induced significant adhesion in the absence of FMLP (P < .001); CM- had no effect. In the presence of FMLP, adhesion induced by both media was significantly greater than by FMLP alone (P < .001) and was significantly blocked (P < .01) by antibodies to CD11b and CD18. CM+ upregulated epithelial intercellular adhesion molecule 1 but CM- did not. These data provide new information concerning the interactions of S. pneumoniae, alveolar epithelial cells, and neutrophils.