RESUMO
PURPOSE: Assessment of COVID-19 incidence and hospitalization rate of male patients with prostatic hyperplasia depending on the intake of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors (5-ARI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In our study, electronic medical records of 1678 patients with prostatic hyperplasia were analyzed. 1490 men aged 71 (64-76) years were selected for final analysis. Vaccination against COVID-19 was carried out in 730 patients (49%). Treatment with 5-ARI inhibitors was carried out in 269 (18.1%) patients. RESULTS: Among 1490 included patients 790 (53%) had COVID- 19 while 360 (45.7%) of them required hospitalization. During the multivariate analysis, only two factors were associated with the risk of COVID-19 in the cohort studied: vaccination (odds ratio (OR) =0.095; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.074-0.122), i.e. a 90.5% chance reduction, p<0.001) and the fact of taking 5-ARI (OR=0.235; 95%CI=0.165-0.335; p<0.001), i.e. a 76.5% chance reduction. The duration of 5-ARI therapy was not associated with the incidence of new coronavirus infection. The severe course of COVID-19 which required hospitalization was positively associated with age (p=0.025) and the presence of coronary artery disease (p=0.004); and negatively associated with the frequency of vaccination (p<0.001) and treatment of 5-ARI (3.1% vs. 11.6%, p<0.001). In a multivariate analysis of outpatient patients with prostatic hyperplasia who had COVID-19, 5-ARI intake (OR=0.240; 95% CI 0.122-0.473; p<0.001) and vaccination (OR = 0.570; 95% CI 0.401-0.808; p=0.002). The factors associated with increased chances of hospitalization due to the severe course of COVID-19 were coronary heart disease (+43.8%, p=0.019) and older age (+1.7% by one year, p=0.046). CONCLUSION: Taking 5-ARI, along with vaccination in patients with prostatic hyperplasia is a protective factor for morbidity and the severity of COVID-19.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Hiperplasia Prostática , Humanos , Masculino , Hiperplasia Prostática/epidemiologia , Hiperplasia Prostática/terapia , Hiperplasia Prostática/complicações , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/terapia , Inibidores de 5-alfa Redutase , Estudos de Coortes , IncidênciaRESUMO
The evaluation of the clinical significance of the test for the detection of the Y-chromosome marker in the plasma of a pregnant woman at different stages of pregnancy by real-time PCR was carried out. The blood samples of 4616 women at 4 to 32 gestation weeks were studied. Identification of the Y-chromosome marker was carried out based on the amplification of a region of the TSPY gene. The Y-chromosome marker was unambiguously identified in 2131 samples, which accounted for 46.2% of the total number of analyzed samples. In 233 samples (5%), the Y-chromosome marker was detected with reduced reliability, and in 15 samples (0.3%), an unambiguous conclusion about the presence or absence of Y-specific DNA in plasma could not be made during the initial study. The diagnostic accuracy of the Y-chromosome marker determination in the plasma of a pregnant woman at the 4-6th gestation week was 95.5%, and from the 7th week and at later stages of pregnancy it reached 97.3-98.2%. Testing from the 7th gestation week may be recommended for reliable prenatal sex determination of the fetus by real-time PCR analysis of extracellular circulating fetal DNA.
Assuntos
Feto , Gestantes , DNA , Feminino , Marcadores Genéticos/genética , Humanos , Gravidez , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
A PCR assay has been developed to identify the DNA of the human herpes virus type 7. The search and selection of conserved regions was carried out by comparing the whole genome nucleotide sequences of HHV-7. A fragment duplicated in the HHV-7 genomes was chosen as a target for amplification. The performance of the assay was tested on a synthetic matrix and clinical samples. The developed assay has high sensitivity and specificity and showed good efficiency in detecting HHV-7 DNA in clinical samples.
Assuntos
Herpesvirus Humano 7 , Humanos , Herpesvirus Humano 7/genética , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Técnicas de Amplificação de Ácido Nucleico , BioensaioRESUMO
Comparative evaluation of the transgene expression efficiency provided by the model genetic constructs of different structure is an important stage in the development of new expression methods and optimization of the existing expression vectors. However, presently there is no versatile approach to this problem. The goal of this work was to suggest an experimental system for comparative evaluation of the expression efficiency provided by nonviral genetic vectors of various size and topology in human cell cultures. Such system is based on the gene of the green fluorescence protein used as a reporter as well as flow cytofluorometry for evaluation of the expression level and quantitative PCR for adequate selection of the transfection conditions. This system was tested in two model constructs: linear molecule of DNA and plasmid.
Assuntos
Expressão Gênica , Vetores Genéticos , Proteínas de Fluorescência Verde , Modelos Genéticos , Transgenes , Proteínas de Fluorescência Verde/biossíntese , Proteínas de Fluorescência Verde/genética , Células HEK293 , HumanosRESUMO
To study the role of the HHV-6 type in the development of eye diseases PCR tests of blood (152), cornea biopsies (61), and intraocular fluids (11) for HHV-6 and other viruses of the herpes group (HSV type 1 and 2, CMV, EBV) were conducted. It was found that the HHV-6, along with other representatives of the Herpesviridae, can be detected in patients with different clinical forms of ophthalmopathology (174 patients were surveyed). Viral DNA was detected in blood, cornea, and in the anterior chamber fluid. The obtained data allow that the HHV-6 to be suggested as a possible cause of the ophthalmic herpes along with the other viruses of this group. It makes finding the virus DNA an essential step towards setting the etiologic diagnosis of the ophthalmological patients.
Assuntos
DNA Viral/genética , Oftalmopatias/diagnóstico , Infecções por Herpesviridae/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Câmara Anterior/patologia , Câmara Anterior/virologia , Humor Aquoso/virologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Córnea/patologia , Córnea/virologia , Citomegalovirus/genética , Citomegalovirus/isolamento & purificação , Oftalmopatias/patologia , Oftalmopatias/virologia , Feminino , Infecções por Herpesviridae/patologia , Infecções por Herpesviridae/virologia , Herpesvirus Humano 1/genética , Herpesvirus Humano 1/isolamento & purificação , Herpesvirus Humano 2/genética , Herpesvirus Humano 2/isolamento & purificação , Herpesvirus Humano 4/genética , Herpesvirus Humano 4/isolamento & purificação , Herpesvirus Humano 6/genética , Herpesvirus Humano 6/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da PolimeraseRESUMO
Specific motifs in the genomes of the family Chlamydiaceae were discussed. The search for genetic markers ofbacteria identification and typing is an urgent problem. The progress in sequencing technology resulted in compilation of the database of genomic nucleotide sequences of bacteria. This raised the problem of the search and selection of genetic targets for identification and typing in bacterial genes based on comparative analysis of complete genomic sequences. The goal of this work was to implement comparative genetic analysis of different species of the family Chlamydiaceae. This analysis was focused to detection of specific motifs capable of serving as genetic marker of this family. The consensus domains were detected using the Visual Basic for Application software for MS Excel. Complete coincidence of segments 25 nucleotide long was used as the test for consensus domain selection. One complete genomic sequence for each of 8 bacterial species was taken for the experiment. The experimental sample did not contain complete sequence of C. suis, because at the moment of this research this species was absence in the database GenBank. Comparative assay of the sequences of the C. trachomatis and other representatives of the family Chlamydiaceae revealed 41 common motifs for 8 Chlamydiaceae species tested in this work. The maximal number of consensus motifs was observed in genes of ribosomal RNA and t-RNA. In addition to genes of r-RNA and t-RNA consensus motifs were observed in 5 genes and 6 intergene segments. The gene CTL0299, CTLO800, dagA, and hctA consensus motifs detected in this work can be regarded as identification domains of the family Chlamydiaceae.
Assuntos
Chlamydiaceae , Sequência Consenso/genética , Marcadores Genéticos , Motivos de Nucleotídeos/genética , Chlamydiaceae/genética , Chlamydiaceae/isolamento & purificação , Genoma Bacteriano/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
112 strains of M. tuberculosis isolated from lung tuberculosis patients in Mongolia were genotyped using RD9, RD7, TbD1, RD105, and RD750 loci. The genotypes of all the strains studied were characterized using the conservation of RD7, RD9, and RD750 loci and the presence of the deletion in the locus TbD1. RD105 was detected in 65 isolates (58%). The isolate was classified into two groups--East-Asian and Euro-American.
Assuntos
Mycobacterium tuberculosis/classificação , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Tuberculose Pulmonar/microbiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Sequência de Bases , Feminino , Técnicas de Genotipagem , Haplótipos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mongólia/epidemiologia , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolamento & purificação , Filogenia , Deleção de Sequência/genética , Escarro/microbiologiaRESUMO
Immunogenic characteristics of filaggrin protein molecule as an antigen for antibodies to filaggrin, markers of early rheumatoid arthritis, were studied. Two new peptide motives, possible epitopes for antibodies to filaggrin, were shown in the filaggrin molecule by predictive analysis using programmed algorithms. Only IMG-3 and its cyclic form IMG-4 exhibited antigenic reactivity with sera from rheumatoid arthritis patients, differing significantly from the reactivity with donor sera. The immunogenic characteristics of IMG-3 differed from the characteristics of a previously described epitope.
Assuntos
Artrite Reumatoide/imunologia , Epitopos/imunologia , Proteínas de Filamentos Intermediários/imunologia , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/imunologia , Motivos de Aminoácidos/imunologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Artrite Reumatoide/sangue , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Mapeamento de Epitopos , Epitopos/química , Fibrina/química , Proteínas Filagrinas , Humanos , Proteínas de Filamentos Intermediários/química , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/química , Ligação Proteica , Análise de Sequência de Proteína , Homologia de Sequência de AminoácidosRESUMO
The ability of the synthetic peptide IMG-5, that reproduces one of the antigenic determinants of the protein filaggrin, to show antigenic activity was studied when anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACCPAb) to filaggrin were found in the serum samples of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The binding of IMG-5 to ACCPAb has been shown to be specific (dose-dependent and reversible). The serum samples from patients with RA, controls, and donors show a significant difference in the interaction of the synthetic peptide with ACCPAb (p < 0.005 and p < 0.0001, respectively). The level of IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) detected in patients with RA differs greatly from that in the controls. In the patients with RA versus the controls, the specificity of ACCPAb determination was as high as 87; and the sensitivity was 40.5%. When ACCPAbs were determined using the commercial kit CCP, the specificity and sensitivity were 94 and 47.3%, respectively. The specificity of RF detection was equal to 50% and the sensitivity was 70%. The sensitivity of the test using IMG-5 is a maximum in X-ray stage IRA (69.2%) and falls in its stage III (26.7%). On the contrary, the sensitivity of the commercial kit and RF determination increases from X-ray stage I (46.2 and 53.8%, respectively) to II (66.7 and 80%). The sensitivity of the used tests in varying RA activities has demonstrated that they are most effective in patients with moderate RA activity. The concurrent detection of ACCPAb and RF increases the probability of differentiating RA from other rheumatic diseases.
Assuntos
Artrite Reumatoide/sangue , Autoanticorpos/sangue , Proteínas de Filamentos Intermediários/imunologia , Peptídeos Cíclicos/imunologia , Adulto , Idoso , Artrite Reumatoide/diagnóstico , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Proteínas Filagrinas , Humanos , Imunoglobulina M/sangue , Imunoglobulina M/imunologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fator Reumatoide/sangue , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
Excel platform was used for transition of results of multiple aligned nucleotide sequences obtained using the BLAST network service to the form appropriate for visual analysis and editing. Two macros operators for MS Excel 2007 were constructed. The array of aligned sequences transformed into Excel table and processed using macros operators is more appropriate for analysis than initial html data.
Assuntos
Sistemas de Gerenciamento de Base de Dados , Alinhamento de Sequência/métodos , Análise de Sequência de DNA/métodos , Software , Sequência de Bases , Bases de Dados GenéticasRESUMO
This study analyzed 50 varicella zoster virus (VZV) samples collected during 2004 to 2007 from patients with VZV infection, who were treated at the National Center of Communicable Diseases, Ulan-Bator, Mongolia. The method based on amplification of specific DNA fragments of the ORF21, ORF22, and ORF50 genes was used, followed by the sequencing and detection of the status of characteristic point mutations in these fragments. The results indicated that the collected samples belonged to genotypes J (62%), M1 (18%), E1 (12%), E2 (4%), and M2 (4%). Moreover, restriction endonuclease polymorphism in ORF 62 for the cleavage site Smal and Mspl, in ORF 38 and ORF 54 for the cleavage site Pstl and Bgll were analyzed. All the samples were Sma- Msp-. All samples with genotype E were Pst+ Bgl-; all samples with genotype M1 and M2 were Pst+ Bgl+. Out of 31 samples with genotype J, 29 and 2 were Pst+ Bgl+ and Pst+ Bgl+, respectively. The study could identify the genotypes of VZV circulating in Mongolia and confirmed the absence of mutations characteristic for the vaccine strain.
Assuntos
Varicela/epidemiologia , Herpes Zoster/epidemiologia , Herpesvirus Humano 3/classificação , Varicela/virologia , DNA Viral/genética , Herpes Zoster/virologia , Herpesvirus Humano 3/genética , Herpesvirus Humano 3/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Epidemiologia Molecular , Mongólia/epidemiologia , Fases de Leitura AbertaRESUMO
The results of the polymerase chain reaction studies performed in 2006-2008 were used to make a retrospective analysis of the detection of urogenital herpesvirus infections in reproductive-aged women constituting the urban population of the central region of Russia. The study used both monotarget and mutiplex test systems to detect herpes simplex virus (HSV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human herpesvirus types 6 and 7. A total of about 7.500 referrals; the detection rate for HSV was about 1%; that for CMV was from 0.3 in 2006 to 1% in 2008; that for EBV was from 0.1% in 2006 to 0.3% in 2008. More than a half of HSV-, CMV-, or EBY-positive samples also contained DNA of other causative agents and some samples did two pathogens or more. Multiplex test systems for herpesviruses considerably enhance the efficiency of diagnostic studies and reduce the material and time costs of diagnosis.
Assuntos
Doenças Urogenitais Femininas/microbiologia , Doenças Urogenitais Femininas/virologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Adulto , DNA Viral/genética , Feminino , Doenças Urogenitais Femininas/epidemiologia , Herpes Genital/epidemiologia , Herpes Genital/microbiologia , Herpes Genital/virologia , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Federação Russa/epidemiologia , Esfregaço Vaginal , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Methods and macros used for processing of samples of NP bacteria retrieved from GenBank are described. The goal of the processing is to transform lists of NP bacteria retrieved from GenBank into Excel table with classification of data concerning bacterial genes, species, and genomes of bacteria, as well as accompanying information about NP bacteria. The list is processed using several macros and the result of processing is stored in table. Each line of the table contains information about one record of initial list of NP bacteria. Information about genes, species, and genomes of NP bacteria is contained in columns of table. The capacity of the macros is demonstrated using the list of NP bacteria of the genus Ureaplasma. The developed macros can be applied to lists of NP bacteria and viruses available from GenBank. This information can be used in studies of interspecies and intraspecies genetic polymorphism and genetic targets for various problems of molecular biology (genotyping of viruses and bacteria).
Assuntos
Bactérias/genética , Biologia Computacional/métodos , Bases de Dados Genéticas , Análise de Sequência de DNA/métodos , Sequência de Bases , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Sistemas de Gerenciamento de Base de DadosRESUMO
A three-primer PCR assay was designed for detection of possible deletions in the RD7 region of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex chromosome. The assay produced amplicons of different size depending on the presence or absence of the deletions. The PCR assay was applied to 176 isolates from patients with lung tuberculosis collected in different areas of Kazakhstan in summer 2004. The isolates were initially characterized by culture and biochemical tests. The RD7 genotyping results demonstrated no polymorphism and the absence of deletions in the RD7 genome region. Some strains were additionally characterized using PCR-RFLP analysis of gyrB and hsp64 genes. The RFLP-patterns obtained corresponded to the M. tuberculosis genotypes. The results of this work are consistent with certain previous studies, indicating population stability of the RD7 region in M. tuberculosis strains. Species characterization of the isolates shows that M. tuberculosis sensu stricto is the principal causative agent of human lung tuberculosis in Kazakhstan.
Assuntos
Mycobacterium tuberculosis/classificação , Tuberculose Pulmonar/microbiologia , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Chaperonina 60 , Chaperoninas/genética , Cromossomos Bacterianos/genética , DNA Girase/genética , Primers do DNA , Humanos , Cazaquistão , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Escarro/microbiologiaRESUMO
A simple technique providing a means for rapid genetic differentiation of chlamydial strains is described. The technique is based on a single-step sequence-specific separation of PCR-amplified DNA fragments by electrophoresis in an agarose gel containing a DNA ligand - bisbenzimide-PEG. A hypervariable region at the 5' end of the omp2 gene of Chlamydiaceae species encoding the 60-kDa cysteine-rich outer membrane protein was selected as a target for PCR. The appropriate fragments were amplified from strains of Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, and Chlamydophila psittaci, and the PCR products originating from different species were electrophoretically separated in the presence of the DNA ligand. We therefore demonstrated that PCR with a single pair of primers followed by simple agarose gel electrophoresis with bisbenzimide-PEG can be applied to the differentiation of three members of the family Chlamydiaceae which are commonly recognized as human pathogens.
Assuntos
Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/genética , Chlamydiaceae/classificação , Chlamydiaceae/genética , Eletroforese em Gel de Ágar/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Animais , Bisbenzimidazol/análogos & derivados , Chlamydia trachomatis/classificação , Chlamydia trachomatis/genética , Chlamydophila pneumoniae/classificação , Chlamydophila pneumoniae/genética , Chlamydophila psittaci/classificação , Chlamydophila psittaci/genética , DNA Bacteriano/análise , Variação Genética , Humanos , Polietilenoglicóis , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
The DNA of 10 strains of Rickettsia prowazekii, 5 strains of Rickettsia typhi and 1 strain of Rickettsia canada was investigated by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Interspecies differences were characterized by a great number of noncomigrating bands. Using the endonuclease HindIII and PstI fragments comigration as a quantitative criterion, genetic similarity coefficient was calculated for the pair Rickettsia prowazekii/Rickettsia typhi-32.0%, for Rickettsia prowazekii/Rickettsia canada-22.7%, and for Rickettsia typhi/Rickettsia canada-23.5%. Intraspecies differences expressed are very subtle and concern 1-2 noncomigrating fragments. The investigated strains of Rickettsia prowazekii and Rickettsia typhi can be divided into 2 groups without any correlation to the source and period of isolation, or to strain passage history.
Assuntos
DNA Bacteriano/genética , Rickettsia/genética , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Especificidade da Espécie , Tifo Epidêmico Transmitido por Piolhos/microbiologiaRESUMO
Southern blot analysis of HindIII-cleaved rickettsial DNA was used for genotypic characterization of the typhus group (TG) species (R. prowazekii, R. typhi, R. canada) and a few species of the spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae (R. sibirica, R. conorii, R. akari). Four different DNA probes were employed. PBH11 and PBH13 probes were morphospecific HindIII fragments of R. prowazekii DNA. MW218 probe contained the gene for 51 K antigen and MW264 probe contained the citrate synthase gene of R. prowazekii. All the probes hybridized with the tested TG and SFG rickettsial DNAs, forming from 1 to 5 bands, but they did not with R. tsutsugamushi or C. burnetii DNAs. All the probes demonstrated specific hybridization patterns with TG species and R. akari. PBH11, PBH13 and MW264 probes clearly distinguished R. sibirica and R. conorii from the other tested rickettsiae, but not from each other. However, these two species differed slightly with MW218 probe. Several strains of each species were analyzed in this way and except for strains of R. conorii identical intraspecies patterns were obtained. These data lead us to consider the obtained hybridization patterns as criteria for genotypic identification.
Assuntos
DNA Bacteriano/genética , Rickettsia/genética , Animais , Antígenos de Bactérias/genética , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Citrato (si)-Sintase/genética , Sondas de DNA , Genes Bacterianos , Genótipo , Humanos , Rickettsia/classificação , Rickettsia/isolamento & purificação , Rickettsia prowazekii/enzimologia , Rickettsia prowazekii/genética , Rickettsia prowazekii/imunologia , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
A strain of rickettsiae, designated Crimea-108, was isolated from ticks Dermacentor marginatus in the Crimea in 1977. Its immunobiological characteristics involve low pathogenicity for experimental animals, moderate infectivity for chick embryos, and antigenic relatedness to spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae (R. sibirica, R. conorii, R. akari), especially to R. sibirica. The genotypic characterization of the strain Crimea-108 was carried out in comparison with SFG and typhus group rickettsiae by using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and DNA-probe hybridization. The marked similarity was detected between DNA restriction patterns of the strains Crimea-108, R. sibirica and R. conorii, but each of them besides comigrating fragments had specific ones. Genotypic analysis of the strain Crimea-108, the SFG and typhus group rickettsiae by three independent DNA probes, based on R. prowazekii DNA, gave unique hybridization patterns for the Crimea-108 strain with all probes. The obtained data show that the Crimea-108 isolate does not belong to the species of R. sibirica, R. conorii, R. akari. The strain Crimea-108 is a novel strain of SFG rickettsiae for the Crimea region.
Assuntos
Infecções por Rickettsia/microbiologia , Rickettsia/classificação , Animais , Citrato (si)-Sintase/genética , Reações Cruzadas , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Dermacentor/microbiologia , Cobaias , Humanos , Soros Imunes/imunologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Ratos , Rickettsia/genética , Rickettsia/isolamento & purificação , Rickettsia/patogenicidade , Sorotipagem , Ucrânia , VirulênciaRESUMO
The plasmid elt-operon pVZ14 was constructed by fusing of the eltoperon of the plasmid pVZ357 with the lac-gene of the bacteriophage Mud1 (Amp, Lac). lacZ gene has been proven to be fused with an elt-promoter by the loss of toxin production coded by pVZ357 and acquiring of Lac+ phenotype by pVZ14 containing cells, as well as by HindIII fragments hybridization of pVZ357 and pVZ14 with the labelled elt-probe. The kinetics of beta-galactosidase synthesis in E. coli cells harboring pVZ14 shows an elt-operon promoter to have expressed constitutive activity and to be activated by a SOS-inducing agent, UV-light.
Assuntos
Toxinas Bacterianas/genética , Enterotoxinas/genética , Proteínas de Escherichia coli , Óperon/efeitos da radiação , Autorradiografia , Southern Blotting , Células Cultivadas , Escherichia coli/genética , Plasmídeos , Mapeamento por Restrição , Raios Ultravioleta , beta-Galactosidase/biossíntese , beta-Galactosidase/metabolismoRESUMO
The structural heterogeneity in Coxiella burnetii chromosomal DNA isolated in the European part of Russia from people, agricultural animals, and ticks has been studied. It is compared with the one of the European strains Henzerling and M44, the only genetically characterized strains up to date. The digestion of the total DNA by the restriction endonucleases BamHI, PstI, XhoI resulted in obtaining two types of restriction patterns. The ones for Henzerling and M44 differed from the restriction patterns of the Russian strains, while the latter proved to be identical. The obtained data are in proof of genetical homogeneity in the Russian group of strains. The group is different from the genomic group including Henzerling and M44. The fact is in proof of the genetical heterogeneity of the European population of coxiellae.