RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine prevalence rates and identify patient characteristics associated with depression, alcohol use disorders and nicotine dependence among individuals admitted to a general teaching hospital. METHOD: Using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test, we assessed 4,352 consecutive medical and surgical patients admitted over a 13-month period. The patients were also asked to report their daily cigarette smoking habits during the last month. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed, and odds ratios (ORs) were calculated. RESULTS: The mean age of the sample was 49.3 years, and 56.6% were male. Prevalence rates of depression, alcohol use disorders and nicotine dependence were, respectively, 14%, 9.8% and 16.9%. In the multivariate analysis, depression was associated with previous suicide attempts (OR = 8.7), lower level of education (OR = 3.6), prior use of psychotropic medications (OR = 3.1), cancer (OR = 1.7) and pain (OR = 1.7). Alcohol use disorders were associated with male sex (OR = 6.3), smoking (OR = 3.5), admission for an external cause of injury, such as a traffic accident (OR = 2.4), and previous suicide attempts (OR = 2.3). Nicotine dependence was associated with alcohol use disorders (OR = 3.4), young adulthood (OR = 2.3), widowhood (OR = 2.2) and previous suicide attempts (OR = 1.8). CONCLUSION: This is the largest sample of medical and surgical patients ever surveyed with standardized screening instruments in a general hospital in Brazil. The high prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders and the profiles of the patients evaluated in this study underscore the need to develop methods that are more effective for detecting and managing such disorders. Hospital admission should be considered a major opportunity for the detection of psychiatric disorders and the subsequent implementation of the appropriate specific treatment strategies.
Assuntos
Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Álcool/epidemiologia , Depressão/epidemiologia , Tabagismo/epidemiologia , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiologia , Comorbidade , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Hospitais Gerais , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine prevalence rates of depression and suicidal behavior among cancer inpatients and factors associated with these conditions. METHODS: A total of 5357 patients consecutively admitted to a university hospital were assessed by means of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) and the suicide risk section of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Univariate analyses adjusted for gender and age groups were performed with depression and suicide risk as dependent variables. RESULTS: Of those assessed, 675 had cancer. The prevalence rates for depression and suicide risk were 18.3% (95%CI = 15.4 - 21.4) and 4.7% (95%CI = 3.2 - 6.7) respectively. Depression was more frequently found in cancer bearers than in the other inpatients (13.2%; p = 0.0009). Female gender, low schooling level, long time of disease, pain, use of psychotropic drugs and suicide risk were associated with depression (p < 0.05). Pain and depression were associated with suicide risk. CONCLUSION: Because prevalence rates of depression and suicide risk are high among cancer inpatients, simple screening instruments and specific questions during interviews are needed to detect these clinical conditions.
Assuntos
Transtorno Depressivo/psicologia , Neoplasias/psicologia , Tentativa de Suicídio/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Transtorno Depressivo/diagnóstico , Transtorno Depressivo/epidemiologia , Feminino , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/complicações , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Tentativa de Suicídio/psicologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To identify the factors associated with suicide ideation among medically and surgically hospitalized patients. METHODS: A consecutive sample of 4328 individuals admitted to a general hospital completed a screening questionnaire comprised of demographic and clinical information, the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview item on current suicide ideation, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale subscale for depression and the Alcohol use Disorder Identification Test. A multiple logistic regression produced a discriminate profile of individuals with suicide ideation. RESULTS: The prevalence rate for current suicide ideation was 4.9% (95% CI: 4.3-5.6). Patients admitted to the Infectious Disease, Oncology and Hematology units presented higher rates of suicide ideation (7.9%, 7.8% and 7.2%, respectively). Suicidal ideation was associated to depression [odds ratio (OR)=8.3], young age (18-35 years old: OR=2.5), alcohol use disorders (OR=2.3), and smoking (OR=1.8). CONCLUSION: Suicidal ideation was consistently associated with indicators of mental disorders. It is proxy, not for completed suicide, but for a variety of common psychiatric conditions that can and should be dealt with in the medical/surgical setting.
Assuntos
Pacientes Internados/psicologia , Suicídio/psicologia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Álcool/psicologia , Depressão/psicologia , Feminino , Hospitalização , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Razão de Chances , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Fumar/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine prevalence rates and identify patient characteristics associated with depression, alcohol use disorders and nicotine dependence among individuals admitted to a general teaching hospital. METHOD: Using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test, we assessed 4,352 consecutive medical and surgical patients admitted over a 13-month period. The patients were also asked to report their daily cigarette smoking habits during the last month. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed, and odds ratios (ORs) were calculated. RESULTS: The mean age of the sample was 49.3 years, and 56.6 percent were male. Prevalence rates of depression, alcohol use disorders and nicotine dependence were, respectively, 14 percent, 9.8 percent and 16.9 percent. In the multivariate analysis, depression was associated with previous suicide attempts (OR = 8.7), lower level of education (OR = 3.6), prior use of psychotropic medications (OR = 3.1), cancer (OR = 1.7) and pain (OR = 1.7). Alcohol use disorders were associated with male sex (OR = 6.3), smoking (OR = 3.5), admission for an external cause of injury, such as a traffic accident (OR = 2.4), and previous suicide attempts (OR = 2.3). Nicotine dependence was associated with alcohol use disorders (OR = 3.4), young adulthood (OR = 2.3), widowhood (OR = 2.2) and previous suicide attempts (OR = 1.8). CONCLUSION: This is the largest sample of medical and surgical patients ever surveyed with standardized screening instruments in a general hospital in Brazil. The high prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders and the profiles of the patients evaluated in this study underscore the need to develop methods that are more effective for detecting and managing such disorders. Hospital admission should be considered a major opportunity for the detection of psychiatric disorders and the subsequent implementation of the appropriate specific treatment strategies.
OBJETIVO: Identificar taxas de prevalência e perfis de pacientes associados a depressão, transtornos por uso de álcool e dependência de nicotina em indivíduos internados em um hospital geral universitário. MÉTODO: 4.352 pacientes internados consecutivamente foram avaliados pelas escalas Hospital Anxiety and Depression e Alcohol use Disorder Identification Test. Eles também foram questionados sobre uso diário de cigarros ao longo do último mês. Análises de regressão logística múltipla foram realizadas. RESULTADOS: 56,6 por cento eram de sexo masculino, e a média de idade foi de 49,3 anos. As taxas de prevalência de depressão, transtornos por uso de álcool e dependência de nicotina foram, respectivamente, 14 por cento, 9,8 por cento e 16,9 por cento. Na análise multivariada, depressão associou-se a tentativa prévia de suicídio (OR = 8,7), menor escolaridade (3,6), uso prévio de psicofármacos (3,1), câncer (1,7) e dor (1,7). Transtornos por uso de álcool associaram-se a sexo masculino (OR = 6,3), tabagismo (3,5), internação por uma causa externa (2,4), notadamente acidentes automobilísticos, e tentativa prévia de suicídio (2,3). A dependência de nicotina associou-se a transtornos por uso de álcool (OR = 3,4), idade adulta jovem (2,3), viuvez (2,2) e tentativa prévia de suicídio (1,8). CONCLUSÃO: Esta é a maior amostra de pacientes clínicos e cirúrgicos, internados num hospital geral brasileiro, avaliados com instrumentos padronizados. Houve considerável prevalência de transtornos mentais, e os respectivos perfis dos pacientes enfatizam a necessidade de se desenvolver métodos mais eficientes de detecção e de manejo desses transtornos. A internação hospitalar deveria ser tomada como um marco na vida de uma pessoa, a partir do qual se detecta um transtorno psiquiátrico e estratégias específicas de tratamento são implementadas.
Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Álcool/epidemiologia , Depressão/epidemiologia , Tabagismo/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Comorbidade , Estudos Transversais , Hospitais Gerais , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos , Escalas de Graduação PsiquiátricaRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Determinar as prevalências de depressão e de comportamento suicida em indivíduos com câncer internados em um hospital geral universitário e fatores associados a essas condições. MÉTODOS: O rastreamento de 5357 pacientes consecutivamente internados utilizou a Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão (HAD) e a seção comportamento suicida do Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Análises univariadas, com ajustes para sexo e faixa etária, foram feitas tomando-se depressão e comportamento suicida como variáveis dependentes. RESULTADOS: Nos 675 pacientes com câncer, a prevalência de depressão foi 18,3 por cento (IC95 por cento = 15,4 - 21,4). O risco para suicídio estimado pela respectiva seção do MINI foi de 4,7 por cento (IC95 por cento = 3,2 - 6,7). A prevalência de depressão foi maior entre pacientes com câncer do que nos demais pacientes internados (13,2 por cento; p = 0,0009). Associaram-se à depressão (p < 0,05): sexo feminino, menor escolaridade, maior tempo da doença, dor, uso de psicofármaco e risco de suicídio. Associaram-se ao risco de suicídio: dor e depressão. CONCLUSÃO: As prevalências de depressão e de risco de suicídio em pacientes com câncer aconselham o uso de instrumentos simples de rastreamento e a inclusão, na anamnese, de perguntas mais específicas sobre essas condições clínicas.
OBJECTIVE: To determine prevalence rates of depression and suicidal behavior among cancer inpatients and factors associated with these conditions. METHODS: A total of 5357 patients consecutively admitted to a university hospital were assessed by means of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) and the suicide risk section of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Univariate analyses adjusted for gender and age groups were performed with depression and suicide risk as dependent variables. RESULTS: Of those assessed, 675 had cancer. The prevalence rates for depression and suicide risk were 18.3 percent (95 percentCI = 15.4 - 21.4) and 4.7 percent (95 percentCI = 3.2 - 6.7) respectively. Depression was more frequently found in cancer bearers than in the other inpatients (13.2 percent; p = 0.0009). Female gender, low schooling level, long time of disease, pain, use of psychotropic drugs and suicide risk were associated with depression (p < 0.05). Pain and depression were associated with suicide risk. CONCLUSION: Because prevalence rates of depression and suicide risk are high among cancer inpatients, simple screening instruments and specific questions during interviews are needed to detect these clinical conditions.