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1.
Diabetes Care ; 21(4): 555-62, 1998 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9571342

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Studies directly examining the association between physical activity and NIDDM in African-Americans are rare. Consequently, the strength of this association in this ethnic minority group remains unclear. The current study broadly characterizes the types of physical activity engaged in by a community sample of working-class African-Americans and then quantifies the association between physical activity and NIDDM risk in this population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: During the 1993 reexamination of participants in the Pitt County Study in North Carolina, data on NIDDM history, current use of insulin or oral hypoglycemic drugs, and approximately 12-h overnight fasting blood glucose (FBG) were obtained from 598 women and 318 men, ages 30-55 years. The presence of NIDDM was determined by current insulin or medication use and FBG > or = 140 mg/dl. Study participants were assigned to one of four categories of physical activity: strenuous, moderate, low, or inactive. RESULTS: The weighted prevalence of NIDDM in the sample was 7.1%. After adjustment was made for age, sex, education, BMI, and waist-to-hip ratio, NIDDM risk for moderately active subjects was one-third that for the physically inactive subjects (odds ratio [OR], 0.35; 95% CI, 0.12-0.98). The ORs for low (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.20-1.29) and strenuous (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.26-1.63) activity also tended to be lower. A summary OR that contrasted any activity versus no activity was 0.51 (95% CI, 0.23-1.13). CONCLUSIONS: Moderate physical activity was strongly associated with reduced risk for NIDDM in this sample. While replication of these findings is needed, public health interventions designed to increase moderate (leisure-time) physical activity in black adults should be strongly encouraged.


Assuntos
Negro ou Afro-Americano , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Exercício Físico , Adulto , Fatores Etários , População Negra , Glicemia/análise , Demografia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Humanos , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , Insulina/uso terapêutico , Estilo de Vida , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos Estatísticos , North Carolina/epidemiologia , Razão de Chances , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco
10.
J Gerontol ; 45(5): B174-8, 1990 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2203845

RESUMO

The age-related declines in the antilipolytic and lipogenic actions of insulin were studied in adipocytes from rats aged 2, 6, 12, and 24 months. Since adenosine modulates insulin action, its concentration was controlled by treatment of adipocytes with adenosine deaminase and addition of the non-metabolizable adenosine analog, N6-[(R)-(-)1-methyl-2-phenethyl] adenosine (PIA). Inhibition of isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis by PIA increased significantly by 6 months of age. Decreasing the concentration of PIA rendered the adipocytes from the 6-, 12-, and 24-mo-old rats less sensitive to the antilipolytic effect of insulin. Basal and insulin-stimulated lipogenesis decreased with aging. PIA increased insulin-stimulated lipogenesis at 0.2 ng/ml insulin only in the 2-month-old rats. PIA reduced insulin-stimulated lipogenesis at higher insulin doses in the oldest rats. These results suggest that aging causes quantitative declines in maximal lipolysis and basal and maximal lipogenesis. Maturation may cause a decline in sensitivity to insulin, but adenosine in sufficient concentration reverses the acquired resistance to the antilipolytic effect of insulin.


Assuntos
Adenosina/fisiologia , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Envelhecimento/metabolismo , Insulina/fisiologia , Adenosina/análogos & derivados , Adenosina/farmacologia , Animais , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Insulina/farmacologia , Isoproterenol/análogos & derivados , Isoproterenol/farmacologia , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Lipólise/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos
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