Autologous dental pulp stem cells in regeneration of defect created in canine periodontal tissue.

This study aimed to investigate effects of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) on regeneration of a defect experimentally created in the periodontium of a canine model. Surgically created mesial 3-walled periodontal defects with ligature-induced periodontitis were produced bilaterally in the first lower premolar teeth of 10 mongrel dogs. Simultaneously, DPSCs were derived from the maxillary premolar teeth of the same dogs. Four weeks after creation of the periodontitis model, autologous passaged-3 DPSCs combined with Bio-Oss were implanted on one side as the test group. On the other side, only Bio-Oss was implanted as a control. Eight weeks after surgery, regeneration of the periodontal defects was evaluated histologically and histomorphometrically in terms of bone, periodontal ligament (PDL), and cement formation. Histologically, in all test specimens (10 defects), regeneration of cementum, bone, and PDL was observed. In the control groups, although we observed the regeneration of bone in all defects, the formation of cementum was seen in 9 defects and PDL was seen in 8 defects. Histomorphometric analyses showed that the amount of regenerated cementum and PDL in the test groups (3.83 ± 1.32 mm and 3.30 ± 1.12 mm, respectively) was significantly higher than that of the control groups (2.42 ± 1.40 mm and 1.77 ± 1.27 mm, respectively; P < .05). A biocomplex consisting of DPSCs and Bio-Oss would be promising in regeneration of periodontal tissues.

Soft-tissue esthetic outcome of single implants: Immediate placement in fresh extraction sockets versus conventional placement in healed sockets.

BACKGROUND: Immediate implant placement has advantages such as requiring fewer surgical procedures and decreased treatment time; however, unpredictable soft- and hard-tissue outcome is a problem. This study aimed to compare the soft-tissue esthetic outcome of single implants placed in fresh extraction sockets versus those placed in healed sockets. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional, retrospective study was performed on 42 patients who received single implants. Twenty-two patients with a mean age of 40.14 years received immediate implants while 18 patients with a mean age of 43.40 years were subjected to conventional (delayed) implant placement. The mean follow-up time was 14.42 ± 8.37 months and 18.25 ± 7.10 months in the immediate and conventional groups, respectively. Outcome assessments included clinical and radiographic examinations. The esthetic outcome was objectively rated using the pink esthetic score (PES). RESULTS: All implants fulfilled the success criteria. The mean PES was 8.54 ± 1.26 and 8.10 ± 1.65 in the immediate and conventional groups, respectively. This difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.329). The two PES parameters, namely, the facial mucosa curvature and facial mucosa level had the highest percentage of complete score. CONCLUSIONS: Immediate and conventional single implant treatments yielded comparable esthetic outcomes.

Isolation and Assessment of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived From Bone Marrow: Histologic and Histomorphometric Study in a Canine Periodontal Defect.

The aim of the present study was to investigate an isolation procedure to culture mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow and evaluate their potential in periodontal regeneration. Potential stem cells from bone marrow, aspirated from the iliac crest of nine mongrel canines 1 to 2 years of age, were cultivated. After the examination of surface epitopes of the isolated cells, the total RNA from osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic cell cultures were analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to confirm stem cell gene expressions. 2 × 10(7) mL of the stem cells were loaded on 0.2 mL of anorganic bovine bone mineral (ABBM) granules. In each animal, bilateral acute/chronic intrabony periodontal defects were created surgically and by placement of ligatures around the cervical aspect of the teeth. At week 5, after flap debridement, the bilateral defects were randomly assigned to 2 treatment groups: the control group received ABBM, and the test group received BMSCs-loaded ABBM. Eight weeks after transplantation, regenerative parameters were analyzed histologically and histometrically. The RNA expressions confirmed the cultivation of mesenchymal stem cell. More new cementum and periodontal ligament (PDL) were measured in the test group (cementum: 3.33 ± 0.94 vs 2.03 ± 1.30, P = 0.027; PDL: 2.69 ± 0.73 vs 1.53 ± 1.21, P = 0.026). New bone formation was similar in both groups (2.70 ± 0.86 vs 1.99 ± 1.31; P = 0.193). Mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow should be considered a promising technique for use in patients with periodontal attachment loss and merits further investigations.