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Joint profiling of chromatin accessibility and gene expression from the same single cell provides critical information about cell types in a tissue and cell states during a dynamic process. Here, we develop in situ sequencing hetero RNA-DNA-hybrid after assay for transposase-accessible chromatin-sequencing (ISSAAC-seq), a highly sensitive and flexible single-cell multi-omics method to interrogate chromatin accessibility and gene expression from the same single nucleus. We demonstrated that ISSAAC-seq is sensitive and provides high quality data with orders of magnitude more features than existing methods. Using the joint profiles from over 10,000 nuclei from the mouse cerebral cortex, we uncovered major and rare cell types and cell-type specific regulatory elements and identified heterogeneity at the chromatin level within established cell types defined by gene expression. Finally, we revealed distinct dynamics and relationships of gene expression and chromatin accessibility during an oligodendrocyte maturation trajectory.
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Cromatina , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Animais , Cromatina/genética , DNA , Expressão Gênica , Camundongos , RNA , Transposases/genética , Transposases/metabolismoRESUMO
Acid recovery from acidic waste is a pressing issue in current times. Chemical methods for recovery are not economically feasible and require significant energy input to save the environment. This study reported a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) anion exchange membranes (AEMs) for acid recovery by diffusion dialysis with excellent dimensional stability, high oxidation stability, good acid dialysis coefficient (UH +) and high separation factor (S). Semi-IPN AEMs are prepared by ring-open cross-linked quaternized polybenzoxazine (AQBZ) with poly(vinyl alcohol-co-ethylene), where AQBZ is obtained by Mannich reaction and Menshutkin reaction. All four proportions of semi-IPNs exhibit clear micro-phase separation, which is conducive to ion transport. The water uptake (WU) of the four semi-IPNs ranges from 14.2 % to 19.2 %, while the swelling ratio (SR) remains between 8.7 % and 11.3 %. These results indicate that the cross-linked structure in the designed semi-IPNs effectively control swelling and ensure dimensional stability. The thermal degradation temperature (Td5) of semi-IPN4:6 to semi-IPN7:3 varies from 309 °C to 289 °C, with an oxidation stability weight loss rate (WOX) ranging from 91.5 % to 93.5 %, demonstrating excellent thermal stability and oxidation stability. The semi-IPNs also show good UH + values ranging from 11.9-16.3*10-3â m/h and high S values between 38.6 and 45.9, indicating the promising potential of the semi-IPNs.
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Mainland China included Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine in the national immunization program in 2008 to control the JE epidemic. However, Gansu province in Western China experienced the largest JE outbreak since 1958 in 2018. We conducted a retrospective epidemiological study to explore the causes of this outbreak. We found that adults aged ≥20 years (especially those in rural areas) were the main JE cases in Gansu Province, with a significant increase in the JE incidence in older adults aged ≥60 years in 2017 and 2018. In addition, JE outbreaks in Gansu Province were mainly located in the southeastern region, while the temperature and precipitation in Gansu Province were gradually increasing in recent years, which made the JE epidemic areas in Gansu Province gradually spread to the western of Gansu Province. We also found that adults aged ≥20 years in Gansu Province had lower JE antibody positivity than children and infants, and the antibody positivity rate decreased with age. In the summer of 2017 and 2018, the density of mosquitoes (mainly the Culex tritaeniorhynchus) in Gansu Province was significantly higher than in other years, and the genotype of JEV was mainly Genotype-G1. Therefore, in the future JE control in Gansu Province, we need to strengthen JE vaccination for adults. Moreover, strengthening mosquito surveillance can provide early warning of JE outbreaks and the spread of epidemic areas in Gansu Province. At the same time, strengthening JE antibody surveillance is also necessary for JE control.
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Culicidae , Vírus da Encefalite Japonesa (Espécie) , Encefalite Japonesa , Vacinas contra Encefalite Japonesa , Criança , Lactente , Animais , Humanos , Idoso , Encefalite Japonesa/epidemiologia , Encefalite Japonesa/prevenção & controle , Vírus da Encefalite Japonesa (Espécie)/genética , Estudos Retrospectivos , Vacinação , Surtos de Doenças , China/epidemiologiaRESUMO
MRG domain binding protein (MRGBP) has been proposed to participate in the development of multiple tumors. However, the role of MRGBP in colorectal cancer (CRC) still remains largely unknown. Here, we found that MRGBP expression is significantly elevated in CRC, and that higher MRGBP expression correlates with poorer survival in CRC patients. Experiments in vivo and in vitro indicated that MRGBP promotes CRC cells proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and xenograft tumor growth. Mechanically, for one thing, we discovered that MRGBP suppresses DKK1 expression, thus further activating the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway in CRC cells. For another, MRGBP also enhances acetylation of NF-kB/p65 pathway. Treatment with Wnt/ß-catenin and NF-kB pathways inhibitors further confirmed the mediation of these two pathways in MRGBP-promoted CRC cell processes. In conclusion, these findings together suggest that MRGBP promotes CRC progression via DKK1/Wnt/ß-catenin and NF-kB/p65 pathways mediated EMT, identifying MRGBP as a promising prognostic and therapeutic target for CRC.
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Neoplasias Colorretais , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Histona Acetiltransferases , Humanos , beta Catenina/genética , beta Catenina/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Movimento Celular , Proliferação de Células , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/genética , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/metabolismo , Metástase Neoplásica , NF-kappa B/genética , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Via de Sinalização Wnt/genética , Proteínas Nucleares/metabolismo , Histona Acetiltransferases/metabolismoRESUMO
Current studies have shown that POTE ankyrin domain family members have high expressions as tumor antigens in malignant tumors, such as prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer and the like. POTEE is a member of the POTE anchor protein family E. However, its role in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) has not been studied. In this study, the function of POTEE in CRC was examined for the first time and its correlation with CRC cell biological behaviors was analyzed. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blotting, and immunohistochemistry revealed that POTEE was remarkably overexpressed in CRC and associated with an aggressive phenotype. We also found that POTEE was localized in the cytoplasm. In addition, downregulation of POTEE expression can notably inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cell in vitro, and repressed tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. In contrast, overexpression of POTEE could promote the aggressive behaviors of CRC cells. Mechanistically, POTEE promoted CRC migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by increasing the activation of Rac1 and Cdc42. To summarize, these results suggested that POTEE might serve as an oncogene for CRC tumorigenesis and progression, and may become a novel molecular marker for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Antígenos de Neoplasias/genética , Carcinoma/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorretais/metabolismo , Proteína cdc42 de Ligação ao GTP/metabolismo , Proteínas rac1 de Ligação ao GTP/metabolismo , Animais , Antígenos de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Carcinoma/genética , Carcinoma/patologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Feminino , Células HCT116 , Células HT29 , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Nus , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metástase Neoplásica , Transdução de Sinais , Regulação para CimaRESUMO
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common type of malignant oral cancer that has a high recurrence rate. Voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.5 was reported to be highly up-regulated in various types of cancers. However, the regulatory mechanism of Nav1.5 in cancers including OSCC still remains elusive. In this study, Nav1.5 was found to be highly expressed in OSCC tissues and cells. Through the analysis of clinical characteristics of patients, we found that the expression level of Nav1.5 was closely related to neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, tumor-node-metastasis stage, and lymph node metastasis. Moreover, we found that Nav1.5 mainly located on the cell membrane as well as cytoplasm and knockdown of Nav1.5 promoted cell apoptosis and decreased proliferation in OSCC. Transwell assay results showed that knockdown of Nav1.5 effectively suppressed the migration and invasion in OSCC. In addition, knockdown of Nav1.5 was found to inhibit the protein and mRNA expression levels of ß-catenin, cyclin D1, and c-Myc in the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway. In summary, these results indicated that Nav1.5 may be involved in the progression of OSCC through the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway.
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Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Movimento Celular , Proliferação de Células , Neoplasias Bucais/metabolismo , Canal de Sódio Disparado por Voltagem NAV1.5/metabolismo , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Via de Sinalização Wnt , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Técnicas de Silenciamento de Genes , Humanos , Neoplasias Bucais/genética , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Canal de Sódio Disparado por Voltagem NAV1.5/genética , Invasividade Neoplásica , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , beta Catenina/genética , beta Catenina/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Tumor suppressor gene p53 plays an important role in the maintenance of the genomic integrity, and mutation in the gene may alter an individual's susceptibility to various carcinomas. P53 Arg72Pro or codon 72 polymorphism has been indicated to increase the risk of developing certain cancers such as bladder cancer and cervical cancer. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been shown as a risk factor for certain cancers such as cervical cancer and oral cancer as well, and the HPV oncoprotein E6 may induce the degradation of p53 function. However, the association between p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and the risk of oral cancer with HPV infection remains inconclusive. Therefore, this meta-analysis involving 5,614 participants was performed to investigate the relations among the p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism, HPV infection, and the risk of developing oral cancer. RESULTS: A search of the literature by PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases was conducted to identify studies based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were combined using a random-effect model or a fixed-effect model. The current study was conducted with 13 studies consisting of 2,413 cases and 3,201 controls. Neither overall analysis nor stratified analyses detected any obvious evidence of association between p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and oral cancer susceptibility in all genetic models. However, a significant association between p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and the risk of oral cancer with HPV infection was detected in the Arg/Arg vs. Arg/Pro + Pro/Pro model. CONCLUSION: In the current meta-analysis which used the quantitative data synthesis for the first time, our study demonstrated that p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism together with HPV infection might jointly alter an individual's susceptibility to the risk of oral cancer. Our results suggested that p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism may partly contribute to the pathogenesis of oral cancer development.
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Códon , Suscetibilidade a Doenças , Neoplasias Bucais/etiologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/complicações , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/genética , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias Bucais/epidemiologia , Razão de Chances , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Vigilância da População , Viés de Publicação , RiscoRESUMO
The associations between CYP1B1 polymorphisms and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) risk have been conflicting. We therefore performed a meta-analysis to derive a more precise relationship. Six published case-control studies were collected; odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to assess the association between CYP1B1 Leu432Val, Asn453Ser polymorphisms, and HNSCC risk. The Sensitivity analysis and publication bias also were performed to guarantee the statistical power. Overall, the pooled OR with 95% CIs indicated that CYP1B1 Leu432Val polymorphism was significantly related with HNSCC risk (for Val vs. Leu: OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.03-1.25, P = 0.014, P(heterogeneity) = 0.141; for Val/Val vs. Leu/Leu: OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.06-1.60, P = 0.013, P heterogeneity = 0.253; for Val/Val vs. Leu/Leu + Leu/Val: OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.05-1.46, P = 0.013, P(heterogeneity) = 0.456). The similar results were also been found in succeeding analysis of HWE and stratified analysis of Caucasian population. Furthermore, no significant association between CYP1B1 Asn453Ser polymorphism and HNSCC risk was found in this meta-analysis. In conclusion, our meta-analysis demonstrates that CYP1B1 Leu432Val polymorphism may be a risk factor for developing HNSCC.
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Hidrocarboneto de Aril Hidroxilases/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Citocromo P-450 CYP1B1 , Humanos , Viés de Publicação , Risco , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e PescoçoRESUMO
This manuscript presents a scientometric review of recent advances in microwave pretreatment processes for sewage sludge, systematically identifying existing gaps and prospects. For this purpose, 1763 papers on the application of microwave technology to sludge pretreatment were retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) using relevant keywords. These publications were then analyzed using diverse scientometric indices. The results show that research in this field encompasses applications based on the non-thermal effects of microwaves, enhanced effectiveness of anaerobic digestion (AD), and the energy balance of this pretreatment system. Overcoming existing technical challenges, such as the cleavage of extracellular polymers, reducing microwave energy consumption, understanding the non-thermal effects of microwaves, promoting AD of sludge in combination with other chemical and physical methods, and expanding the application of the technology, are the main scientific focuses. Additionally, this paper thoroughly examines both the constraints and potential of microwave pretreatment technology for wastewater treatment.
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Micro-Ondas , Esgotos , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos , Águas Residuárias , Águas Residuárias/química , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos , AnaerobioseRESUMO
Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss is an unexplained sudden loss of sensorineural hearing, with no specific pathogenesis, and is difficult to treat. The most common therapeutic strategy for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss is the use of steroids combined with neurotrophic drugs, as other treatments have shown limited efficacy. However, in recent years, hyperbaric oxygen therapy has emerged as a promising treatment option. Studies have shown that hyperbaric oxygen therapy, in combination with conventional treatments, can effectively alleviate inner ear edema, improve blood circulation, and suppress inflammation. Therefore, hyperbaric oxygen therapy plays an important role in the treatment of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. In this review, we aim to assess existing studies and summarize the clinical effects and mechanisms of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss, providing a basis for further research on the clinical treatment of this disorder.
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Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial , Perda Auditiva Súbita , Oxigenoterapia Hiperbárica , Humanos , Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial/terapia , Perda Auditiva Súbita/terapiaRESUMO
The in-plane seismic behavior of unreinforced masonry (URM) structures is closely related to the aspect ratio of the wall and vertical load. The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference between the failure mode of the model and the horizontal load using the finite element model (FEM) under the action of aspect ratio (0.50 to 2.00) and vertical load (0.2 MPa to 0.70 MPa). The overall macro model was established using the Abaqus software, and the corresponding simulation was performed. The simulation results indicate that: i) the shear failure and flexural failure were the main failure modes of masonry walls; ii) shear failure could be viewed as the main failure mode of the model when the aspect ratio was less than 1.00; however, the flexural failure was considered to be the main failure mode of the model once the aspect ratio was greater than 1.00; iii) when a vertical load of 0.20 MPa was applied to the model, only flexural failure was observed, regardless of whether the aspect ratio of the model increased or decreased; the flexural shear mixed failure was captured within the range of 0.30 MPa- 0.50 MPa; the shear failure was the main failure mode within the range of 0.60 MPa- 0.70 MPa; and iv) the wall with an aspect ratio less than 1.00 could bear a higher horizontal load, and the increase in vertical load can significantly improve the horizontal load of the wall. In contrast, once the aspect ratio of the wall reaches or exceeds 1.00, the increase in the vertical load has little effect on the increase in the horizontal load of the wall.
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Software , Simulação por ComputadorRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 16 patients with cavernous sinus cholesteatomas, explore the surgical outcomes, and summarize the surgical experience. METHODS: Patients with cavernous sinus cholesteatomas underwent surgery between June 2016 and June 2022 at the Department of Neurosurgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. Clinical data were obtained from all patients for analysis. RESULTS: Common preoperative symptoms included headache, dizziness, diplopia, ptosis, and facial numbness. There were 7 patients with 2 or more symptoms. There were 13 patients with total resection and 3 patients with subtotal resection. There were 5 patients with improved postoperative symptoms, 10 patients with no significant change, and 1 patient with worse symptoms. New postoperative cranial nerve defects occurred in 4 patients. During the follow-up, all patients had favorable prognosis without progression. CONCLUSIONS: Using "double-scope" technique, the subtemporal approach, a surgical strategy for cavernous sinus cholesteatomas, was sufficient to completely resect the tumors.
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Seio Cavernoso , Humanos , Seio Cavernoso/diagnóstico por imagem , Seio Cavernoso/cirurgia , Seio Cavernoso/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Endoscopia , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos/métodos , Nervos Cranianos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Surgical management of elderly patients with spinal tuberculosis and severe osteoporosis is challenging. Cement-augmented pedicle screws (CAPS) have been specifically designed for elderly patients with osteoporotic spines. Herein, we investigated the feasibility of CAPS applied in elderly patients with spinal tuberculosis and severe osteoporosis. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data of patients with spinal tuberculosis and severe osteoporosis between January 2017 and January 2021. Surgical data, including surgical duration and intraoperative blood loss, were recorded. Radiological parameters, such as correction of regional kyphotic angle and screw loosening, were also evaluated. Additionally, visual analog scores (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were used to evaluate back pain and functional recovery, respectively. Erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations were detected to assess tuberculosis activity. The presence of complications and fusion rate was also assessed. RESULTS: A total of 15 patients were included in this study. The surgical duration was 263.0 ± 56.2 min, with an average blood loss of 378.7 ± 237.0 ml. The correction of regional kyphotic angle was 12.4° ± 15.0°, and it was well maintained until the final follow-up. The mean VAS decreased from 6.0 ± 1.2 points to 0.5 ± 0.6 points, and ODI reduced from 37.8% ± 7.6% to 8.3% ± 2.8% (P < 0.01). At the final follow-up, ESR and CRP levels were within normal range. Bony fusion occurred in all patients, with an average fusion duration of 8.8 ± 1.5 months. No cases of pedicle screw pullout, screw loosening, or pseudoarthrosis occurred. Tuberculosis recurrence and dissemination were not observed during the follow-ups. CONCLUSIONS: CAPS fixation is an effective and safe technique to achieve solid fixation and favorable clinical outcomes in elderly patients with spinal tuberculosis and severe osteoporosis.
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Cifose , Osteoporose , Parafusos Pediculares , Tuberculose da Coluna Vertebral , Idoso , Humanos , Tuberculose da Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Tuberculose da Coluna Vertebral/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Osteoporose/complicações , Osteoporose/cirurgia , Perda Sanguínea Cirúrgica , Cimentos Ósseos , Cifose/diagnóstico por imagem , Cifose/cirurgiaRESUMO
Important functions of constructed wetland related to biogeochemical processes are mediated by soil microbes and low-temperature damage is the main limiting factor for microbes in winter. However, the response thresholds for active microbial community and enzyme activities to continuous decreases in temperature remain unclear. In this study, total 90 soil samples were collected every week over a 6-week period to track the dynamics of four enzymes involved in cycles of C, N, P and active bacterial community as field soil temperature decreased continuously from 6.62 °C to 0.55 °C. Enzyme activity changed suddenly when the temperature decreased to 4.83 °C, the nitrite reductase activity reduced by 36.2%, while alkaline phosphatase activity is increased by 396%. The cellulase and urease were only marginally influenced by cold stress. Decreased nitrite reductase activities corresponded with loss of nir-type denitrifiers important for nitrite reduction. For cold stress, N-related bacteria were sensitive species. Whereas increased alkaline phosphatase activity may be due to the fact that P-related bacteria were opportunistic species. Key functional taxa connected with degradation of cellulose promoted species coexistence and microbial network stability. The lower and upper temperature thresholds for community change were 4.85 °C and 6.30 °C, respectively. Collectively, these results revealed that microbial taxa involved in C, N and P cycling respond differently to continuous decreases in temperature and higher than 4.85 °C is an ideal environment to prevent loss of microbial diversity and functions in winter, providing a scientific reference for the targeted isolation and cultivation of key microbial taxa in rhizosphere soil and adjusting temperature range to improve the purification capacity of wetlands during low temperature periods.
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Microbiota , Áreas Alagadas , Temperatura , Fosfatase Alcalina/metabolismo , Bactérias/metabolismo , Solo/química , Nitrito Redutases/metabolismo , Microbiologia do SoloRESUMO
Previous studies on the relationship between zinc and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have yielded inconsistent results. This comprehensive study aimed to elaborately explore the impact of zinc on MetS risk factors. The bi-directional Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to estimate the causal relationship between zinc and MetS risk factors. Additionally, a retrospective cross-sectional study incorporated 4389 subjects to provide a broader perspective in conjunction with the MR analyses. In the MR analyses, genetically instrumented zinc was positively associated with five of the MetS components in Europeans, including BMI, FBG, HbA1c, TC, and LDL-c (ß (95%CI) = 0.023 (0.019-0.027), 0.019 (0.013-0.025), 0.041 (0.022-0.060), 0.027 (0.013-0.042), and 0.018 (0.010-0.026), respectively). In the cross-sectional study, higher concentration of zinc was strongly associated with increased BMI, LDL-c, and UA (ß (95%CI) = 0.040 (0.010-0.085), 0.026 (0.018-0.035), and 1.529 (0.614-2.445), respectively). Moreover, these unfavorable associations were more obvious in women compared to men, with a borderline significant interaction effect for BMI (P=0.051). Our study showed that higher blood concentration of zinc, an essential trace element, was associated with unfavorable changes of the component metabolic risk factors of MetS, especially with BMI and LDL-c. Notably, these associations seemed to be more pronounced in women rather than in men. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the role of zinc status in the underlying mechanisms of MetS.
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Wearable physical activity trackers are getting popular for the self-management of weight despite limited evidence of their efficacy. Studies have proven that on-site supervised exercise is superior to unsupervised exercise for many health problems, there is no evidence comparing the effectiveness of remote supervision exercise with self-directed exercise based on mHealth. This study aims to compare the effects of mHealth-based supervised exercise to mHealth-based self-directed exercise on weight control in the overweight and obese population. A nonrandomized controlled clinical study was conducted. Overweight or obese volunteers were given personalized exercise prescriptions based on their HRR (Heart Rate Reserve), all patients were equipped with wearable heartbeat trackers to follow their exercise performance and additional remote supervisions were added to the intervention group. Exercise performances, weight losses, and health examinations were compared between 2 groups after 12 weeks of follow-up. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to determine any differences between study groups after intervention. Two groups had the same rate of attrition in 12 weeks of follow-up, but the exercising day, the effective exercising day and the rate of effective exercising day in the supervised group were higher than those in the control group. Weight loss was -2.7 ± 2.8 kg in the intervention group and -2.0 ± 2.9 kg in the control group (P = 0.23). Compared with the control group, participants in the intervention group improved their liver function, kidney function, fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, and triglyceride. mHealth-based supervised exercise is more effective in health factors improvement than mHealth-based self-directed exercise among overweight and obesity participants.
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Sobrepeso , Telemedicina , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Humanos , Obesidade/terapia , Sobrepeso/terapia , Redução de Peso/fisiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between seat armrest height and human neck comfort when using a smartphone while sitting on a passenger seat during the flight. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The authors used a wireless angle-measuring instrument and subjective comfort scale to evaluate the changes of head flexion angle and neck comfort level of 24 young smartphone users in an aircraft simulated cabin. RESULTS: The study results indicated that using a smartphone while sitting on a passenger seat during the flight would pose a larger discomfort to the neck, and the discomfort would be higher for gaming than reading tasks. Seat armrest height is related to the comfort level of the neck when using a smartphone, increasing the height of the armrest can effectively alleviate discomfort in this state. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the prevalence of passengers using smartphones in aircraft, a seat armrest that can be properly adjusted in height, which can effectively reduce the risk of passenger head flexion angle and neck discomfort. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2022;35(2):199-208.
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Postura , Smartphone , Aeronaves , Desenho de Equipamento , Ergonomia , Humanos , PescoçoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Pineal region meningiomas are deeply located and adjacent to critical neurovascular structures, making them one of the most challenging areas to access. The authors presented a combined microscopic and endoscopic surgery and investigated its value in resecting pineal region meningiomas. METHODS: Twelve patients with pineal region meningiomas from February 2017 to December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients underwent combined microscopic and endoscopic surgery using the occipital-parietal transtentorial approach. Perioperative clinical, surgical, and radiographic data were collected. RESULTS: The endoscope provided a wider view and increased visualization of residual tumors. All tumors were completely resected, and none of the patients died. Total resection was believed to have been achieved in four patients, but the residual tumor was detected after endoscopic exploration and was completely resected with an endoscope. Only one patient had transient visual field deficits. No recurrence was observed during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Combined microscopic-endoscopic surgery for pineal region meningiomas eliminates microscopic blind spots, thus compensating for the shortcomings of the traditional occipital transtentorial approach. It is a promising technique for minimally invasive maximal resection of pineal region meningiomas.
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The diffusion of stubborn oils and organic pigments has become a severe environmental pollution problem. Promisingly, the combination of superhydrophobicity and photocatalysis is expected to provide an efficient, economical and simple solution. In this paper, a kind of superhydrophobic and super-lipophilicity polyurethane (PU)-based sponge was reported by a strategy of undergoing ferric tetroxide loading (Fe3O4@PU), polydopamine fixation (PDA-Fe3O4@PU), octadecylamine grafting (ODA-Fe3O4@PU) and molybdenum disulfide loading (MoS2-ODA-Fe3O4@PU) successively. The results show that the MoS2-ODA-Fe3O4@PU sponge exhibits outstanding superhydrophobicity (with maximum water contact angle of 161.64°), excellent oil absorption capacity (60-109 wt/wt), robust stability in extreme environments and great oil/water separation ability. In addition, the MoS2-loaded sponge demonstrates desirable outcomes in decomposing methyl orange and methylene blue under light source, and a dual-functional purification system with a heterogeneous polyurethane-based sponge (the upper part is MoS2-ODA-Fe3O4@PU and the bottom part is MoS2@PU) endowed with superhydrophobicity and photocatalysis can purify water by separating oils and decomposing methylene blue simultaneously.