RESUMO
Hsp104 and its bacterial homolog ClpB form hexameric ring structures and mediate protein disaggregation. The disaggregated polypeptide is thought to thread through the central channel of the ring. However, the dynamic behavior of Hsp104 during disaggregation remains unclear. Here, we reported the stochastic conformational dynamics and a split conformation of Hsp104 disaggregase from Chaetomium thermophilum (CtHsp104) in the presence of ADP by X-ray crystallography, cryo-electron microscopy (EM), and high-speed atomic force microscopy (AFM). ADP-bound CtHsp104 assembles into a 65 left-handed spiral filament in the crystal structure at a resolution of 2.7 Å. The unit of the filament is a hexamer of the split spiral structure. In the cryo-EM images, staggered and split hexameric rings were observed. Further, high-speed AFM observations showed that a substrate addition enhanced the conformational change and increased the split structure's frequency. Our data suggest that split conformation is an off-pathway state of CtHsp104 during disaggregation.
Assuntos
Difosfato de Adenosina/metabolismo , Chaetomium/metabolismo , Proteínas de Choque Térmico HSP40/química , Proteínas de Choque Térmico HSP40/metabolismo , Chaetomium/química , Microscopia Crioeletrônica , Cristalografia por Raios X , Proteínas Fúngicas/química , Microscopia de Força Atômica , Modelos Moleculares , Agregados Proteicos , Ligação Proteica , Conformação Proteica , Domínios Proteicos , Multimerização ProteicaRESUMO
Left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) was known as a conventional predictor of heart failure (HF). However, early transmitral flow velocity (E)/early diastolic velocity of mitral annulus (E') correlated well with LV end-diastolic pressure, and E/E' ratio >15 was an excellent predictor of adverse outcomes in patients with HF. This study was designed to determine the prognostic value of a new combined index, E/E' ratio and LVEF, in patients with HF. One hundred twenty-six consecutive patients hospitalized with HF underwent comprehensive echocardiographic-Doppler study when ready for discharge. Patients were divided into the 4 groups of group I (LVEF >40% and E/E' ratio <15), group II (EF >40% and E/E' ratio >or=15), group III (EF