Evaluation of the efficacy of orange roughy (Hoplostetbus atlanticus) oil in subjects with dry skin.

Moisturizers have beneficial effects in treating dry skin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) oil, a marine-derived wax ester, on skin dryness in comparison with a reference commercially available petrolatum-based moisturizer (Vaseline) and untreated control. Subjects (n = 24) with moderate to severe skin dryness at the lower limb of legs (Study 1) and with certain degree of skin dryness on the face and the forearms (n = 22, Study 2) were treated twice a day for 42 consecutive days with the test products in randomized clinical trials. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured at the beginning and the end of Study 1, whereas skin hydration was measured at the beginning, after 3 and 6 weeks of the application (the end of the study) in Study 2. Changes in the skin dryness were assessed by a dermatologist using a video microscopy. In Study 1, the dryness score of skin applied with orange roughy oil improved significantly (P < 0.01) in 6 weeks. The skin looked smooth with no or little dry scaly skin. Orange roughy oil was evaluated with a 60% efficacy in treating skin dryness by the expert, which comparable to that of petrolatum (68%). No significant change in TEWL was found either in orange roughy oil or petrolatum treatment, although the values showed a tendency to improve in both cases. Similarly, the results of the skin capacitance in Study 2 showed a significant improvement of the skin symptoms after 3 and 6 weeks. These results showed that the performance of orange roughy oil in treating skin dryness was comparable to that of petrolatum.

Recent-onset bell palsy complicated by diabetes: comparison of steroid and lipoprostaglandin E(1) therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To compare megadose steroid therapy (n = 17; group S) and lipoprostaglandin E(1) (lipo-PGE(1)) therapy (n = 14; group L) in patients with recent-onset Bell palsy complicated by diabetes. DESIGN: A nonrandomized controlled trial was performed. The 2 groups were almost identical in age, sex distribution, and laterality, and there was no difference in the average palsy scores in the 2 groups either at the time of the first visit or when the palsy was at its worst. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in the cumulative rates of improvement in the 2 groups 4 weeks, 2 months, or 6 months after the first visit, revealing no difference in the therapeutic effects of the 2 agents. During the therapy, fasting blood glucose concentrations were increased in all patients in group S, whereas they were not increased in group L. Complicated diabetes was aggravated in group S, while it was not aggravated in group L. CONCLUSIONS: Lipo-PGE(1) therapy may have improved vascular flow in the facial nerves and accelerated recovery, resulting in a rate of improvement comparable with that obtained through megadose steroid therapy. Lipo-PGE(1) is a useful treatment method for patients with Bell palsy complicated by diabetes.

Susceptibilities of bacterial cellulose containing N-acetylglucosamine residues for cellulolytic and chitinolytic enzymes.

Detailed characterization of enzyme susceptibility of bacterial cellulose containing N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residues (N-AcGBC) which possess high susceptibility for cellulase and lysozyme and slight susceptibility for chitinase was studied. Turbidimetric lysozyme assay of N-AcGBC showed that (i) the susceptibilities of various N-AcGBCs for lysozyme were proportional to GlcNAc content, and (ii) N-AcGBC homogenates were divided into two groups based on the rate of turbidity reduction (not dependent on GlcNAc content). High reactivity of N-AcGBC for lysozyme would arise from fine microfibrils characteristic of bacterial cellulose (BC) and random distribution of GlcNAc residues in N-AcGBC because water soluble oligomers of N-AcGBC produced by lysozymic hydrolysis did not inhibit lysozyme activity; however, the random distribution of GlcNAc seemed to result in the slight susceptibility of N-AcGBC for chitinase. The rate of cellulolytic turbidity reduction of N-AcGBC was slower than that of BC, which arose from the inhibition for binding of cellulase by GlcNAc residues.

[A case of acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood with a good outcome].

We experienced a case of acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood with a good outcome. The disease continued for about three weeks, and the patient recovered with a sequela of mild left-hemiparesis. On the brain magnetic resonance imaging, abnormal intensity areas in the thalamus and putamen reduced size at an early stage of the disease. After 1 year, his mental and motor development seemed to be almost normal, but brain single photon emission computed tomography and electroencephalography were abnormal. Subclinical functional abnormalities persisted longer than had been expected.

Clinical characterization and long-term prognosis of neurological development in preterm infants with late-onset circulatory collapse.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the risk factors for late-onset circulatory collapse (LCC) in preterm infants responsive to corticosteroid therapy and evaluate the long-term neurological prognosis. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective case-control study for preterm infants (≤32 weeks' gestation) admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit from 1994 through 2002. RESULT: Sixty-five infants (11%) were diagnosed with LCC. Infants with a shorter gestation and lower birth weight had a higher incidence of LCC. LCC infants had a significantly lower 1-min Apgar score, significantly higher incidence of severe intraventricular hemorrhage, chronic lung disease, and postnatal periventricular leukomalacia, and significantly longer duration of ventilation use, oxygen use, and hospital stay. Somatic growth at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age was poorer in infants with LCC than without LCC (controls). LCC infants were significantly more likely than controls to have cerebral palsy at 3 years. CONCLUSION: LCC is associated with poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. Prevention of LCC can lead to improved neurological prognoses.