Use of electronic devices in leisure time modifies the prevalence and factors associated with sedentary behavior derived exclusively from excessive television viewing among Brazilian adults.

The growing interest in the study of sedentary behavior is justified by its increasing presence in people's daily lives, particularly in leisure time. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence and factors associated with sedentary behavior derived exclusively from TV time and from its combination with the time spent using other electronic devices among Brazilian adults (n = 52,443). This cross-sectional study used data from the Vigitel survey (2019), which included subjects ≥ 18 years old who resided in the capitals of the 26 Brazilian states and Federal District. High TV time (≥ 4 h/day), and its combination with computer, tablet, or cell phone use (≥ 4 h/day), as well as sociodemographic, behavioral, and health characteristics were self-reported. Adjusted logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). The prevalence of high sedentary behavior almost tripled when TV viewing was added to the time spent using other electronic devices (from 12.2%; 95%CI: 11.6; 12.8, to 34.7%; 95%CI: 33.8; 35.6), notably among the youngest (32.0 percentage points). Individuals living without a partner, who smoked, consumed alcohol and processed foods excessively, were physically inactive, and had hypertension were more likely to have both outcomes than their counterparts. Older and less educated individuals were more likely to spend excessive time watching TV and less likely to have high use of other electronic devices in addition to TV viewing than their peers. Including computer, tablet, or cell phone led to an increase in the prevalence of high sedentary behavior. The magnitude and direction of the associations of age and education with high sedentary behavior varied according to the method how high sedentary behavior was defined. Projects, programs, and policies must consider the different indicators of sedentary behavior in monitoring and promoting a healthier lifestyle.

Cognitive Function of Patients with Chronic Renal Insufficiency in Hemodialysis: A Systematic Review / Função Cognitiva de Pacientes com Insuficiência Renal Crônica em Hemodiálise: Uma Revisão Sistemática

Abstract The objective was to systematically review the relationship between Chronic Kidney Failure and Hemodialysis with cognitive function. This systematic review followed the parameters proposed by PRISMA. The search for articles was carried out in the PubMed database. A total of 113 articles were found, of which 31 were selected for analysis. Analyzing the studies' samples, it was found that 19.3% of them had a control group, that the most used instrument was the Mini-Mental State Examination (41.9%), and that patients of older age and patients with longer hemodialysis treatment had worse cognitive scores. It is concluded that HD can reduce the cognitive function of people with CKF.

Resumo O objetivo foi revisar sistematicamente a relação da Insuficiência Renal Crônica e da Hemodiálise com a função cognitiva. Esta pesquisa de revisão sistemática seguiu os parâmetros propostos pelo PRISMA. A busca dos artigos foi realizada na base de dados PubMed. Foram encontrados 113 artigos, sendo que destes 31 foram selecionados para análise. Analisando a amostra dos estudos verificou-se que 19,3% dos estudos tiveram grupo controle, que o instrumento mais utilizado foi Mini Exame do Estado Mental (41,9%) e que pacientes com idade mais avançada e os pacientes com mais tempo de tratamento hemodialítico tinham piores escores cognitivos. Conclui-se que a HD pode reduzir a função cognitiva de pessoas com IRC.

Comportamento sedentário de idosos nonagenários e centenários / Sedentary behaviour of nonagerian and centenarian elders

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o comportamento sedentário de nonagenários e centenários com e sem patologia, que faziam e não faziam uso de tabaco e ativos e inativos fisicamente. Caracterizou-se como um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal com 41 idosos nonagenários e centenários. Foi utilizado um questionário sobre as características sociodemográficas e a versão curta do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física ­ IPAQ para avaliação do comportamento sedentário e do nível de atividade física.Para análise dos dados,foi utilizado o Teste t de Student independente, considerando significativo p≤0,05. Os resultados apontam que 65,9% dos idosos permaneciam menos de 4 horas sentados e 83% não atingiram 150 minutos de atividade física durante a semana. O maior comportamento sedentário esteve associado com a presença de patologias, uso de tabaco e inatividade física. Estratégias precisam ser pensadas e elaboradas a fim de reduzir o comportamento sedentário e proporcionar um envelhecimento bem-sucedido.(AU)

The aim of this study was to compare the sedentary behavior of nonagenarians and centenarians with and without pathology, who did and did not use tobacco and active and in active physically. It was characterized as a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study with 41 nonagenarian and centenary elderlies. A questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics and the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - IPAQ were used to evaluate sedentary behavior and physical activity level, and for data analysis it was using, the independent Student's t test considering significant p≤0,05. The results indicate that 65.9% of the elderly remained less than 4 hours sitting and 83% did not reach 150 minutes of physical activity during the week. Higher sedentary behavior was associated with pathologies, tobacco use and physical inactivity. Strategies need to be thought through and devised in order to reduce sedentary behavior and provide successful aging.(AU)

Caracterização e fatores associados à autopercepção de saúde de idosos nonagenários e centenários / Characterization and factors associated with self perception in nonagenarians and centenarians elderly

O objetivo foi verificar os fatores associados à percepção de saúde de idosos nonagenários e centenários cadastrados em quatro Estratégias de Saúde da Família do município de Santa Rosa (RS). Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal com 41 idosos com 90 anos e mais, de ambos os sexos. Foi aplicado um questionário de características sociodemográficas/socioeconômicas e de saúde e também se avaliaram a capacidade funcional e a autopercepção de saúde. Para análise dos dados, utilizaram-se estatísticas descritivas e o teste de Qui-quadrado e o Exato de Fisher (p ≤ 0,05). Os idosos perceberam sua saúde como boa (51,2%) condição que se associou com a renda (p= 0,015) e a escolaridade (p = 0,038). Os resultados apontaram para uma boa autopercepção de saúde dos idosos pesquisados, além de revelar que os quem possuíam renda e escolaridade mais altas tinham melhor percepção do estado de saúde.

The objective was to verify the factors associated with the health perception of nonagenarian and centenary elderly registered in four Family Health Strategies in the city of Santa Rosa (RS). Quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study with 41 elderly people aged ninety years and over of both genders, registered in four Family Health Strategies in Santa Rosa (RS). A questionnaire on socio-demographic / socioeconomic and health characteristics was applied, in addition to the assessment of functional capacity and self-perceived health. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and the chi-square test and Fisher's Exact test (p ≤ 0.05) were used. The elderly perceived their health as good (51.2%) and was associated with income (p = 0.015) and education (p = 0.038). The results point to a good self-perceived health of the elderly surveyed and that those who had higher income and education had a better perception of their health status.