RESUMO
The Lingual nerve is frequently anesthetized during oral, maxillofacial, or otorhinolaryngology surgery. It originates below the oval hole in the infratemporal region, follows its path down and forward, and moves away from the medial surface of the ramus. From there, it goes just above the mylohyoid line. It approaches the lateral margin of the tongue and crosses the Wharton's canal, and divides into numerous branches. Some cases of temporomandibular joint syndrome or myofascial pain syndrome could be a result of its anatomical variations. Also, the jurisprudence has always condemned the practitioner if for not demonstrating that the path of the injured nerve presents an anomaly which makes his involvement inevitable. The purpose is to present one of the multiple atypical paths of the lingual nerve not described in the retromandibular trigone, demonstrating that its damage constitutes a risk that cannot be controlled.