The immediate effect of cervical rotation-traction manipulation on cervical paravertebral soft tissue: a study using soft tissue tension cloud chart technology.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the reliability of the Soft Tissue Tension Cloud Chart (STTCC) technology, an original method combining multi-point Cervical Paravertebral Soft Tissue Test (CPSTT) with MATLAB software, we conducted a preliminary analysis on the immediate effects of Orthopaedic Manual Therapy (OMT) on cervical paravertebral soft tissue. METHODS: 30 patients with Cervical Spondylotic Radiculopathy (CSR) were included in this study. We analyzed the differences in CPSTT before and after treatment with Cervical Rotation-Traction Manipulation (CRTM), a representative OMT technique in Traditional Chinese Medicine, using the STTCC technology. RESULTS: The STTCC results demonstrated that post-treatment CPSTT levels in CSR patients were significantly lower than pre-treatment levels after application of CRTM, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). Additionally, pre-treatment CPSTT levels on the symptomatic side (with radicular pain or numbness) were higher across the C5 to C7 vertebrae compared to the asymptomatic side (without symptoms) (P < 0.001). However, this difference disappeared after CRTM treatment (P = 0.231). CONCLUSIONS: The STTCC technology represents a reliable method for analyzing the immediate effects of OMT. CSR patients display uneven distribution of CPSTT characterized by higher tension on the symptomatic side. CRTM not only reduces overall cervical soft tissue tension in CSR patients, but can also balance the asymmetrical tension between the symptomatic and asymptomatic sides. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was approved by the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (Website: . https://www.chictr.org.cn .) on 20/04/2021 and the Registration Number is ChiCTR2100045648.

Knowledge domains and emerging trends in immune-related adverse events from immune checkpoint inhibitors: A bibliometrics and visualized analysis.

Objective: The primary objective of this paper is to investigate the research hotspots and future trends of immune-related adverse events induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors, offering valuable insights for researchers in this field. Methodology: Using the visual analysis software, this study conducted quantitative statistics and visualization research on the relevant literature concerning immune-related adverse events caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors in the Web of Science Core Collection Database. By evaluating the publication trends, countries, institutions, keywords, research status, cited documents, and document co-citations, among several others, the discussion revolved around the hot spots and future development trends in this field and provided references for future research. Findings and conclusions: A total of 514 English articles were included, and the top three countries in the research field at the time of this study were the United States, Japan, and China. More specifically, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Massachusetts General Hospital have been the top three research institutes with more than 10 publications. The frequency of keyword use linked to immune-related adverse events caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors in literature research has been steadily growing over the years. Additionally, the research with respect to the disease focuses on melanoma, cell lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and breast cancer. In the context of drugs, cancer-related research has mainly focused on the combined use of nivolumab, pembrolizumab, ipilimumab, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Meanwhile, research on adverse events has delved into the immune checkpoint inhibitors causing vitiligo, thyroid dysfunction, pancreatitis, cholangitis, and rheumatism. Related studies cover acute arthritis, myositis, acute kidney injury, as well as the combination therapy of immune checkpoint inhibitors and docetaxel, management of irAEs in cancer immunotherapy, and biomarkers of immune adverse reactions of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Finally, case report studies of immune adverse reactions caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors could serve as research hotspots in the future.

Mid-long term boundary dynamic optimization of open-pit coal mine considering coal price fluctuation.

The delineation of the open-pit mining boundary, particularly in the context of medium to long-term planning, forms the foundation of mining design. However, due to the non-linear and dynamic nature of the economic and technical parameters influencing boundary delineation, determining the optimal mining boundary can be exceedingly challenging. Currently, most boundary optimization methods assume that block parameters remain fixed, which results in enterprises assuming a certain level of risk when facing changes in internal and external conditions. In this regard, this paper introduces the concept of "achievement degree" to reflect the risk associated with the results of boundary design. Using coal prices as an example, this article applies the predicted coal price curve to boundary optimization adjustments by specifying the "achievement degree" requirements for various time periods, thereby facilitating risk-controlled and economically optimal boundary decisions. Taking the illustrative case of an idealized small-scale inclined coal seam open-pit mine, adjustments to the boundary closely track variations in coal prices, further enhancing returns. The results demonstrate that the method proposed in this paper can increase overall revenue by approximately 51.15% within the forecast period, while effectively managing risks.

Predictive value of the random forest model based on bioelectrical impedance analysis parameter trajectories for short-term prognosis in stroke patients.

BACKGROUND: The short-term prognosis of stroke patients is mainly influenced by the severity of the primary disease at admission and the trend of disease development during the acute phase (1-7 days after admission). OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) parameter trajectories during the acute phase of stroke patients and their short-term prognosis, and to investigate the predictive value of the prediction model constructed using BIA parameter trajectories and clinical indicators at admission for short-term prognosis in stroke patients. METHODS: A total of 162 stroke patients were prospectively enrolled, and their clinical indicators at admission and BIA parameters during the first 1-7 days of admission were collected. A Group-Based Trajectory Model (GBTM) was employed to identify different subgroups of longitudinal trajectories of BIA parameters during the first 1-7 days of admission in stroke patients. The random forest algorithm was applied to screen BIA parameter trajectories and clinical indicators with predictive value, construct prediction models, and perform model comparisons. The outcome measure was the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at discharge. RESULTS: PA in BIA parameters can be divided into four separate trajectory groups. The incidence of poor prognosis (mRS: 4-6) at discharge was significantly higher in the "Low PA Rapid Decline Group" (85.0%) than in the "High PA Stable Group " (33.3%) and in the "Medium PA Slow Decline Group "(29.5%) (all P < 0.05). In-hospital mortality was the highest in the "Low PA Rapid Decline Group" (60%) compared with the remaining trajectory groups (P < 0.05). Compared with the prediction model with only clinical indicators (Model 1), the prediction model with PA trajectories (Model 2) demonstrated higher predictive accuracy and efficacy. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of Model 2 was 0.909 [95% CI 0.863, 0.956], integrated discrimination improvement index (IDI), 0.035 (P < 0.001), and net reclassification improvement (NRI), 0.175 (P = 0.031). CONCLUSION: PA trajectories during the first 1-7 days of admission are associated with the short-term prognosis of stroke patients. PA trajectories have additional value in predicting the short-term prognosis of stroke patients.

Research hot spots and trends in endocrine-related adverse events caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors: a bibliometric analysis and visualization research.

Background: In recent years, with the widespread use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer treatment, the toxicity associated with immunotherapy of ICIs has attracted more attention from scholars. Endocrine toxicity is the most likely immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and is often irreversible, posing a significant clinical treatment challenge. Methods: In this study, bibliometric methods were used to analyze relevant literature in screening endocrine-related adverse events caused by ICIs in the Web of Science core collection database (WoSCC) and to summarize the status, research hot spots, and future trends in this field. Results: 321 countries, 297 institutions, 365 authors, and 305 journals had published 671 English documents on endocrine adverse reactions of ICIs as of 1 December, 2022. The United States, Japan, and China were the top three countries with the most publications. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center were the top three research institutions in terms of publication output. F Stephen Hodi, from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in the United States, contributed the largest number of publications. Frontiers in Oncology, which was the most widely distributed publication in the field. The main keywords or clusters identified that current research hotspots include the management of endocrine-related adverse events, hypophysitis, thyroid dysfunction, type I diabetes mellitus, and the impact of endocrine adverse events on survival of patients in this field. Conclusion: The basic knowledge structure of the field of endocrine-related adverse events of ICIs, including publication trends, authors, institutions, countries, keywords, journals and publications, and cited documents, was visually analyzed in this bibliometric analysis. The research results comprehensively demonstrated the hot spots and future trends in the research field, as well as its broad prospects, thus providing a reference for the researchers.

Research on the method of determining the block size for an open-pit mine integrating mining parameters and shovel-truck's operation efficiency.

The production plan of an open-pit mine depends on the block model, so it's crucial to determine the appropriate method and size for partitioning it. This study proposes a new method based on a closed shell three-dimensional geological model for determining block model size in open-pit mines. Instead of using regular block models, the shell model is directly cut, and the discrete geological body is referred to as the "mining model." Mining parameters and the shovel-truck's performance are integrated into the method. Bench height determines the Z-axis size, bench slope angle determines the inclination angle, and shovel width determines the X-axis size of the block model. The operation efficiency of the shovel-truck considers the probability distribution of simultaneous operations, allowing the determination of the Y-axis size of block models for different types of shovels. The developed "Mining Model" module in the software "Life Cycle Mining System" is used for practical implementation. By comparing the results with traditional block models, the superiority of the proposed method is demonstrated. This study provides a more accurate model for optimizing the production plan of open-pit mines throughout their life cycle.

Stability evaluation of open-pit mine slope based on Bayesian optimization 1D-CNN.

As mechanized open-pit coal mining intensifies, assessing and predicting slope stability has become increasingly important. To address the limitations of traditional mechanical calculations, numerical simulations, and physical experiments, this paper identifies the key factors impacting slope stability in open-pit mines and develops a multi-parameter sample data set. The study employs hyperparameters optimized using a Bayesian algorithm, introduces additional convolutional layers, and combines the Adam optimizer with dropout techniques to enhance the feature extraction and performance of one-dimensional convolutional neural networks (1D-CNN). This leads to a Bayesian-optimized one-dimensional convolutional neural network (B-1D MCNN) model for predicting slope stability.The study evaluates the classification performance and accuracy of various models for slope stability, including BP neural networks, genetic algorithm-optimized convolutional neural networks, 1D-CNN, and B-1D MCNN, using accuracy, precision, and F1-score as metrics. The analysis also examines the influence of factor indicators and training set length on the model's output to assess its generalization capabilities.The research findings suggest that: (1) the B-1D MCNN model for evaluating slope stability demonstrates the capability to accurately depict the nonlinear correlation between influencing factors and slope stability. (2) Compared with other models, the B-1D MCNN model has shown enhancements of 10.96% to 27.85%, 10.26% to 28.55%, and 8.98% to 25.05% in terms of Accuracy, F1-Score, and Precision, respectively. (3) As the length of the training dataset increases, the performance of the model improves accordingly. (4) The B-1D MCNN model shows a generalization power of 87.5%.

Towards better predicting the settling velocity of film-shaped microplastics based on experiment and simulation data.

The properties of microplastics determine their settling velocities and affect the fates and migration pathways of microplastics. This paper has simulated the settling velocities of film-shaped microplastics, which are present in natural aquatic environments. The numerical results provided more data to fit the terminal settling velocities of film-shaped microplastics. Comparison between the particle definition and the equivalent spherical diameter confirmed that the particle definition is more suitable for film-shaped microplastics. In the transitional flow regime, CD decreases linearly with Re. As Re further increases, CD gradually converges at approximately 1.20. By integrating the experimental and simulated data, a new explicit formula for predicting the settling velocity of film-shaped microplastics has been presented with the optimal shape parameter f. The presented formula achieves better performance (MAPE = 6.6 %, RMSE = 16.8 %, and R2 = 0.99) than the existing formulas for settling velocity for film-shaped microplastics, closely rivaling that of the ensemble learning algorithm.

A feature selection method based on the Golden Jackal-Grey Wolf Hybrid Optimization Algorithm.

This paper proposes a feature selection method based on a hybrid optimization algorithm that combines the Golden Jackal Optimization (GJO) and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO). The primary objective of this method is to create an effective data dimensionality reduction technique for eliminating redundant, irrelevant, and noisy features within high-dimensional datasets. Drawing inspiration from the Chinese idiom "Chai Lang Hu Bao," hybrid algorithm mechanisms, and cooperative behaviors observed in natural animal populations, we amalgamate the GWO algorithm, the Lagrange interpolation method, and the GJO algorithm to propose the multi-strategy fusion GJO-GWO algorithm. In Case 1, the GJO-GWO algorithm addressed eight complex benchmark functions. In Case 2, GJO-GWO was utilized to tackle ten feature selection problems. Experimental results consistently demonstrate that under identical experimental conditions, whether solving complex benchmark functions or addressing feature selection problems, GJO-GWO exhibits smaller means, lower standard deviations, higher classification accuracy, and reduced execution times. These findings affirm the superior optimization performance, classification accuracy, and stability of the GJO-GWO algorithm.

CTSC promoted the migration and invasion of glioma cells via activation of STAT3/SERPINA3 axis.

Cathepsin C (CTSC) has been reported to be upregulated in several cancers, however, there are still many missing links about the role of CTSC in glioma. To address this knowledge gap, the present study employed bioinformatics analysis, Transwell assay, RT-qPCR and Western blot assays to investigate the expression level of CTSC in glioma tissues, its relationship with survival period, and its effect on the migration and invasion ability of glioma cells. The findings revealed that CTSC was upregulated in glioma and was associated with poor prognosis. Moreover, CTSC was found to promote cell migration and invasion abilities as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). A further study found that CTSC induced SERPINA3 and STAT3 expression in glioma cells. Additionally, we demonstrated that STAT3 signaling mediated upregulation of SERPINA3 expression by CTSC. In sum, our findings suggest that CTSC activates the STAT3/SERPINA3 axis to promote migration and invasion of glioma cells, which may lead to new potential therapeutic approaches for humans with cancer.

Sirtuin 2 regulates neutrophil functions through NAD+ synthesis pathway in virus infection.

Neutrophils play an important role in antiviral immunity, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we found that SIRT2 deficiency inhibited the infiltration of neutrophils, as well as the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), ameliorating disease symptoms during acute respiratory virus infection. Mechanistically, SIRT2 deficiency upregulates quinolinic acid (QA)-producing enzyme 3-hydroxyanthranilate oxygenase (3-HAO) and leads to expression of quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase (QPRT), which promotes the synthesis of QA for NAD+ and limits viral infection when de novo NAD+ synthesis is blocked. Tryptophan-2,3-oxygenase expressed in epithelial cells metabolizes tryptophan to produce kynurenine and 3-hydroxyaminobenzoic acid, which is a source of intracellular QA in neutrophils. Thus, our findings reveal a previously unrecognized QPRT-mediated switch in NAD+ metabolism by exploiting neutrophil-derived QA as an alternative source of replenishing intracellular NAD+ pools induced by SIRT2 to regulate neutrophil functions during virus infection, with implications for future immunotherapy approaches.

The relationship between inflammatory bowel disease and sarcopenia-related traits: a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study.

Objective: Observational studies have revealed a link between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and sarcopenia. However, it remains unclear whether this correlation between IBD and sarcopenia is causal. Methods: The genetic instrumental variables (IVs) associated with IBD and sarcopenia-related traits were derived from publicly available genome-wide association studies. We employed a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) method. we obtained genetic IVs for five phenotypes from 34,652 cases in IBD, 27,432 cases in ulcerative colitis (UC), 212356 cases in crohn's disease (CD), 9336415 cases in low hand grip strength (LHGS), and 450243 cases in appendicular lean mass (ALM), respectively. The inverse variance weighting and other MR methods were used to explore the bidirectional causal relationship. Furthermore, we performed heterogeneity test, pleiotropy test, leave-one-out sensitivity test, and multivariate MR to evaluate the robustness of the results. Results: The forward MR results showed that the UC (OR=0.994, 95% CI: 0.9876-0.9998, P = 0.044) and CD (OR=0.993, 95% CI: 0.988-0.998, P = 0.006) was negatively correlated with ALM. In the reverse MR analysis, we also found that LHGS was negatively correlated with the IBD (OR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.61-0.94, P = 0.012) and CD (OR=0.53, 95% CI: 0.40-0.70, P <0.001). Besides, genetically predicted higher ALM reduced IBD (OR=0.87, 95% CI: 0.79-0.95, P = 0.002), UC (OR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.76-0.93, P = 0.001), and CD (OR=0.87, 95% CI: 0.77-0.99, P = 0.029). However, the results of other MR Analyses were not statistically different. Conclusions: We found genetically predicted UC and CD are causally associated with reduced ALM, and higher hand grip strength reduced IBD and CD risk, and higher ALM reduced IBDs risk. This MR study provides moderate evidence for a bidirectional causal relationship between IBD and sarcopenia.

SIRT3 Negatively Regulates TFH-Cell Differentiation in Cancer.

Follicular helper T (TFH) cells are essential for inducing germinal center (GC) reactions to mediate humoral adaptive immunity in tumors; however, the mechanisms underlying TFH-cell differentiation remain unclear. In this study, we found that the metabolism sensor sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is critical for TFH-cell differentiation and GC formation during tumor development and viral infection. SIRT3 deficiency in CD4+ T cells intrinsically enhanced TFH-cell differentiation and GC reactions during tumor development and viral infection. Mechanistically, damaged oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) compensatively triggered the NAD+-glycolysis pathway to provide a cellular energy supply, which was necessary for SIRT3 deficiency-induced TFH-cell differentiation. Blocking NAD+ synthesis-glycolysis signaling or recovering OXPHOS activities reversed the TFH-cell differentiation induced by SIRT3 deficiency. Moreover, the mTOR and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) signaling axis was found to be responsible for TFH-cell differentiation induced by SIRT3 deficiency. HIF1α directly interacted with and regulated the activity of the transcription factor Bcl6. Thus, our findings identify a cellular energy compensatory mechanism, regulated by the mitochondrial sensor SIRT3, that triggers NAD+-dependent glycolysis during mitochondrial OXPHOS injuries and an mTOR-HIF1α-Bcl6 pathway to reprogram TFH-cell differentiation. These data have implications for future cancer immunotherapy research targeting SIRT3 in T cells.

Rotation-traction manipulation induced intradiskal pressure changes in cervical spine-an in vitro study.

Objective: Evaluate the effect of rotation-traction manipulation on intradiskal pressure in human cervical spine specimen with different force and duration parameters, and compare the intradiskal pressure changes between rotation-traction manipulation and traction. Methods: Seven human cervical spine specimens were included in this study. The intradiskal pressure was measured by miniature pressure sensor implanting in the nucleus pulposus. rotation-traction manipulation and cervical spine traction were simulated using the MTS biomechanical machine. Varied thrust forces (50N, 150N, and 250N) and durations (0.05 s, 0.1 s, and 0.15 s) were applied during rotation-traction manipulation with Intradiscal pressure recorded in the neutral position, rotation-anteflexion position, preloading, and thrusting phases. Futuremore, we documented changes in intradiscal pressure during cervical spine traction with different loading forces (50N, 150N, and 250N). And a comparative analysis was performed to discern the impact on intradiscal pressure between manipulation and traction. Results: Manipulation application induced a significant reduction in intradiscal pressure during preloading and thrusting phases for each cervical intervertebral disc (p < 0.05). When adjusting thrust parameters, a discernible decrease in intradiscal pressure was observed with increasing thrust force, and the variations between different thrust forces were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conversely, changes in duration did not yield a significant impact on intradiscal pressure (p > 0.05). Additionally, after traction with varying loading forces (50N, 150N, 250N), a noteworthy decrease in intradiscal pressure was observed (p < 0.05). And a comparative analysis revealed that rotation-traction manipulation more markedly reduced intradiscal pressure compared to traction alone (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Both rotation-traction manipulation and cervical spine traction can reduce intradiscal pressure, exhibiting a positive correlation with force. Notably, manipulation elicits more pronounced and immediate decompression effect, contributing a potential biomechanical rationale for its therapeutic efficacy.