[THE VERIFICATION OF ANALYTICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THREE MODELS OF GLUCOMETERS].

The individual portable systems of control of glucose level in blood commonly known as glucometers permit to patients with diabetes mellitus to independently correct pharmaceutical therapy. The effectiveness of this correction depends on accuracy of control of glucose level. The evaluation was implemented concerning minimal admissible accuracy and clinical accuracy of control of glucose level of devices Contour TC, Satellite Express and One Touch Select according standards expounded in GOST 15197-2011 and international standard ISO 15197-2013. It is demonstrated that Contour TC and One Touch Select meet the requirements of these standards in part of accuracy while Satellite Express does not.

[Scientific substantiation of hygienic criteria for sanitary-epidemiological assessment of chemical water disinfectants].

In the article there are considered the approaches to the hygienic assessment of efficacy and safety of chemical water disinfectants. On the basis of the own research of efficiency, with taking into account the reactivation of microorganisms, toxicity, impurity content, the processes of transformation of disinfectants, as well as the literature data there were developed the sanitary-epidemiological criteria for the assessment of the efficacy and safety of water disinfectants. These criteria include: the intensity of efficiency and time of exposure, the degree of universality of the action in relation to microorganisms, afteraction, lack of promoting of microorganisms tolerance, the ability to comply with the MPC after disinfection, the impact on the organoleptic properties of water, the probability of formation of hazardous transformation products in water, the presence of available and selective method for the determination in water, the possibility of neutralization, safety in use, transportation, storage.

[Methods in the assessment of combined effect of substances].

Russian and foreign approaches to estimating the combined effect of substances are considered depending on the problems to be solved Data are given on the relationship of the type of combined effect to the mechanism of the toxic action of components and acting doses (concentrations). Various mathematical models for calculating the combined efect of mixtures are discussed There is evidence that it is necessary to study the combined effects of the mixtures of constant composition, which are used in water supply upon chronic exposure of the substances that are constituents of the mixtures. Based on their studies and the data available in the literature, the authors inferred that the nature of the combined effect of such mixtures should be investigated under the conditions suiting those of application, as well as when used at low concentrations.

[Values of the micronucleus test on animal epithelial cells exposed to titanium dioxide].

The genetic safety of titanium dioxide (TD)-containing foods and cosmetic products has been little investigated. The study evaluated the mutagenic activity of TD in the micronucleus test with animal visceral mucosal epithelial cells. Two simethicone-coated anatase samples (mean size 160 and 33.2 nm) were inserted into the mouse stomach in doses of 40-200-1000 mg/kg seven times and applied as an ingredient of 10 and 25% cream (doses 250 and 625 mg/kg, respectively) to the hair-sheared rat skin once for 4 hours. Analysis of cytogenetic disorders (micronuclei, protrusions, and the atypical form of the nucleus) revealed no mutagenic properties of TD on the mucosal epithelium of the mouse and rat intestine, mouse prostomach, and rat uterine bladder. Enhanced mitotic activity was observed in all the study tissues after exposure of both samples to TD given in some or in all (in the rat urinary bladder mucosal epithelium) doses.

[The problem in the reactivation of microorganisms on evaluating the efficacy of water disinfectants].

The investigation deals with the topical problem of whether bacterial viability and properties may be restored after the achieved bacteriostatic effect of water disinfection, which reduces the reliability of the control and adequate assessment of its epidemic safety. The objective of the investigation was to study whether bacteria might be reactivated in the estimation of water disinfection with guanidine-containing agents as an alternative to chlorine. Experiments were carried out on the waters from model water reservoirs, by simulating water contamination with residential waste waters and on the natural water from the Moscow River, by reproducing the purification conditions: coagulation, filtration, disinfection with a binary mixture of polyhexamethyleneguanidine hydrochloride and quaternary ammonium compound. The experimental studies of the efficacy of the binary agent against indicator, opportunistic, and pathogenic bacteria indicated that the viability of bacterial cells might be reactivated and restored after water disinfection and cell multiplication upon further exposure. Microorganisms that had the greatest capacity for reactivation after use of the binary agent, as evidenced by the group values of the total number of saprophytes (microbial number) at 37 degrees C, coliform bacteria, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, were identified. The findings show it necessary to consider reactivation processes in the evaluation of novel disinfectants, which requires a supplemented procedure for obligatorily estimating their exposure 24 hours after use of a reagent.