[Is the bronchial atresia prenatal diagnosis possible?]. / Le diagnostic anténatal d'atrésie bronchique est-il possible ?

Bronchial atresia is a rare congenital malformation of the lung. The main-stem segmental or lobar bronchus fails to construct normally, which can lead to accumulation of mucus within the distal bronchi or lung hyperinflation of the obstructed lobe. The prenatal diagnosis is rare and difficult. We report two cases of fetuses who presented pathological examination of the lung on the ultrasonography, at 22 weeks of gestation, suspect of prenatal bronchial atresia diagnosis. We analysed this malformation through a literature review in order to discuss differential diagnosis to be evoked, as well as appropriate perinatal management.

[Pleuropulmonary blastoma: a case of early neonatal diagnosis through antenatal scan screening]. / Pleuropneumoblastome: un cas de découverte néonatale précoce grâce au dépistage échographique prénatal.

We report a case of pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) prenatally diagnosed at 32 weeks of gestation. The suspected diagnoses was a congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung (CCAM). The excision of the malformation was performed through a thoracotomy at 4 months of age. On pathological examination, the presence of focal stromal hypercellularity (cambium layer) in the cyst wall was consistent with both the diagnosis of type IV CCAM or grade I PPB. The presence of nodules of immature cartilage and the positivity of particular immunohistochemical staining (indicate which staining came positive) confirmed the diagnosis of grade I PPB. Pleuropulmonary blastoma is a rare malignant tumour in children, sometimes difficult to differentiate from the type IV CCAM as they share similar circumstances of diagnosis, radiological and macroscopic features. The pathological examination does not always allow to differentiate them clearly, implying the necessity of an extended medical supervision for the children carrying those border lesions. Because of the risks of malignancy and of the risks of septic complications, surgical resection during the first year of life is often advocated. Therefore, prenatal detection is essential to allow adequate early management and complete resection of these lesions.