Prognostic impact of weight loss in 1-year survivors after transthoracic esophagectomy for cancer.

Malnutrition is common 1 year after esophageal cancer surgery. However, the prognostic impact of this malnutrition on long-term outcome has been poorly reported. This study aims at determining the potential effect on disease-free survival (DFS) of weight loss observed at 1 year in disease-free survivors after curative esophageal resection. From a prospective single-institution database, 304 patients having undergone a transthoracic esophagectomy with two-field lymphadenectomy and gastric reconstruction between 1996 to 2008 were identified. Patients who died during the postoperative course (n= 24), patients who died within the first postoperative year (n= 12), patients who presented with an early recurrence within the first postoperative year (n= 20), and those who were lost to follow-up (n= 22) were excluded from the study, as well as those for whom the follow-up was shorter than 1 year (n= 21). The remaining 205 patients constituted a homogeneous group of 1-year disease-free survivors after full postoperative work-up and formed the material of the present study. Body weight (BW) values were collected before any treatment at the onset of symptoms (initial BW) and 1 year after esophagectomy. A 1-year weight loss (1-YWL) exceeding 10% of the initial BW defined an important malnutrition. Impact of the 1-YWL ≥ or <10% of the initial BW on DFS was investigated. Logistic regression was performed to identify factors affecting DFS. The mean initial BW was 69.1 ± 12 kg, corresponding to a mean body mass index (BMI) of 23.8 ± 3 kg/m(2) . Preoperatively, 32 (15%) patients were in the underweight category (BMI < 20 kg/m2), 110 (54%) were in normal (BMI = 20-24 kg/m2), and 63 (31%) were in the overweight category (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2). Mean 1-year BW was 63.5 ± 12 kg. 1-YWL was <10% of the initial BW in 92 patients (45%) and ≥ 10% in 113 patients (55%). Accordingly, 5-year DFS rates were 66% (median: 80 months) and 48% (median: 51 months), respectively (P= 0.005). On multivariate analysis, only three independent variables affected the DFS significantly: clinical N stage (cN) status (P= 0.007; odds ratio: 1.99, 1.2-3.3), incomplete resection (P= 0.008, OR: 3.6, 1.3-9.3), and 1-YWL ≥ 10% (P= 0.004, OR: 2.1: 1.2-3.4). 1-YWL of or exceeding 10% of the initial BW in 1-year disease-free survivors has a negative prognostic impact on DFS after esophagectomy for cancer. This information offers another view on the objectives of the perioperative nutritional care of these patients. Special vigilance program on the nutritional status in post-esophagectomy patients should be the rule.

[Cervicofacial cellulitis in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso: report of 26 cases]. / Cellulites cervico-faciales a Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso): 26 observations.

Cervicofacial cellulitis is still observed in Burkina Faso and can be severe. The aim of this study was to review diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with management of cericofacial cellulitis in our region where medical facilities are poor. A retrospective study of patients treated between January 1999 and December 2008 was performed. A total of 26 cases of cervicofacial cellulites were compiled. All patients underwent broad spectrum antibiotherapy associated imidazols. Surgical treatment was performed in 60% of the cases. Early diagnosis and treatment is essential for favorable outcome.

[Tropical otitis]. / Otite tropicale.

A 68-year-old patient presents with chronic right-sided otorrhea associated with hypoacousis and chronic cough. Otoscopy showed multiple perforations of the right eardrum. The search of acid-fast bacilli was positive for direct examination of sputum and negative for the examination of ear pus. A antituberculosis treatment has been initiated.

[Members lymphedema in CNHU-HKM of Cotonou: Results of the rehabilitation treatment]. / Lymphoedemesdes membres au CNHU-HKM de Cotonou : Resultats du traitement reeducatif.

AIM: To report results of patients followed in physical medicine and rehabilitation (PMR) in CNHU-HKM of Cotonou. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective, transversal study, aimed to be descriptive and analytical type. Were enrolled, 39 files of patients treated in PMR / CNHU-HKM, from 1st January 2014 to 31st December 2018, for unilateral lymphedema, who had done beginning and ending evaluations. Were excluded, venous, systemic or lipid edema. The severity and the result of the sessions were assessed taking into account the reports of perimeters of the member segments. Factors associated with the result were sought, by the Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS: The localization of lymphedema was in thoracic and pelvic limbs, respectively in 64.1 and 35.9%. Were associated with the oedema functional difficulties (61.54%), muscle paresis (33.33%) and joint stiffness (30.77%). Patients benefited from 5 to 20 physiotherapy sessions. Has been associated with physiotherapy, the use of compression stockings (58.97%). The results have been satisfactory, mainly influenced by the development time. CONCLUSION: Satisfactory results in the physiotherapy management of lymphedema have been noted in our context, especially in patients seen early.

BUT: Rapporter les résultats des patients suivis en médecine physique et de réadaptation (MPR) au CNHU-HKM de Cotonou. PATIENTS ET MÉTHODES: Etude rétrospective, transversale de type descriptif et analytique. Ont été enrôlés, 39 dossiers de patients traités en MPR/CNHU-HKM, du 1er Janvier 2014 au 31 Décembre 2018, pour un lymphoedème unilatéral, ayant eu des évaluations de début et de fin de séances. Ont été exclus, les cas d'œdème veineux, systémique ou lipidique. La sévérité et le résultat des séances ont été appréciés en tenant compte des rapports des périmétries des segments de membre. Les facteurs associés au résultat ont été recherchés, par le test de Mann-Whitney. RÉSULTATS: La localisation du lymphoedème a été aux membres thoracique(s) et pelvien(s), respectivement dans 64,1 et 35,9%. Y étaient associées, des difficultés fonctionnelles (61,54%), parésie musculaire (33,33%) et raideur articulaire (30,77%). Les patients ont bénéficié de 5 à 20 séances de kinésithérapie. A été associée à la kinésithérapie, l'utilisation de bas de contention (58,97%). Les résultats ont été satisfaisants, influencés essentiellement par le délai d'évolution. CONCLUSION: Des résultats satisfaisants de la prise en charge kinésithérapique du lymphoedème ont été notés dans notre contexte, surtout chez les patients vus tôt.

[Indications and results of pulmonary resections in a developing country]. / Indications et résultats des exérèses pulmonaires dans un pays en développement.

INTRODUCTION: Indications for pulmonary excision are dominated by infectious pulmonary pathologies in developing countries. We conducted this study to describe the indications and results of pulmonary resections in the thoracic surgery department of the Mali hospital. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective and descriptive study from January 2012 to December 2019, carried out in the thoracic surgery department of the Mali hospital. It involved 76 patients who had a pulmonary resection. The variables studied were the epidemiological data, the operating indications, the therapeutic data and the prognosis. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 35.5 years. The sex ratio was 1.7. The average consultation time in thoracic surgery was 11.6 months with extremes of 7 days and 96 months. A history of pulmonary tuberculosis was noted in 46.1% of patients. The main indications for pulmonary resection were infectious parenchymal destruction in 64.5%, bullous dystrophy in 14.5%, bronchopulmonary cancer in 11.8% and thoracic trauma in 4% of the cases. The procedures performed were: a lobectomy (39.5%), atypical resection (36.8%), culminectomy (7.9%) and pneumonectomy (15.8%). Morbidity was dominated by thoracic empyema (9.2%) postoperative hemorrhage (5.2%), parietal suppuration (7.8%) and bronchopleural fistula (1.3%). The average length of hospital stay was 14.3 days. Mortality was 10.5%. There was a statistically significant correlation between pneumonectomy and deaths (P=0.01). CONCLUSION: Infectious lung destruction is the main indication for pulmonary resection in Mali. The consultation period is quite long. Morbidity and mortality remains high.

[Epidemiology of anguillulosis among public school children in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire]. / Epidémiologie de l'anguillulose chez les enfants scolarisés à l'école publique à Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire).

PURPOSE: Strongyloides stercoralis is a neglected soil-transmitted helminth species. In Cote d'Ivoire, as elsewhere, there is a lack of parasitologic and epidemiologic data pertaining to this parasite. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and impact of sociodemographic factors on anguillulosis among public school children in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. METHODS: Testing for Strongyloides stercoralis was performed in a random sample of 411 children from 10 public primary schools in Abidjan. Detection methods included direct examination of stool smears, the Baermann test and helminth coproculture study. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of anguillulosis was 2.7% (N=411) (IC95% = 1.34-4.73). The M/F sex-ratio was 1. No correlation was found between prevalence and sex (p = 0.12). Prevalence was higher among children who reported contact with swamps and rivers (respectively 80% and 7.9%) than those who did not report such contact (respectively 1.7% and 1.5%) (p <0.01). CONCLUSION: Contact with swamps and rivers is correlated with an increase in anguillulosis prevalence. Avoiding these areas and proper sanitation could help to reduce the prevalence of anguillulosis in Abidjan.

Erythrocyte polymorphisms in five ethnic groups of Northern Côte d'Ivoire.

Distribution of some erythrocyte polymorphisms was investigated in five Northern Côte d'Ivoire ethnic groups. For the ABO blood group system, the frequencies of alleles p, q and r were 0.119, 0.150 and 0.731, respectively, while the frequencies of alleles D and d of the Rh blood group system were 0.726 and 0.274, respectively. These values are consistent with published data, while the high incidence of HbAS genotype could result from microevolutionay trends acting on this relatively small population. No 27-bp Southeast Asian ovalocytosis gene deletion was found in the sample.

[Major sickle cell anaemia and hypoacusia: about 112 cases in Yopougon, Côte d'Ivoire]. / Drépanocytose majeure et hypoacousie: à propos de 112 cas relevés à Yopougon, Côte d'Ivoire.

The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of major sickle cell anaemia on the auditory function of the patients. It was a prospective survey conducted in the university hospital of Yopougon (Republic of Côte d'Ivoire). The auditory function of 112 major sickle cell anaemia patients 5- to 40-five-years-old, was compared with 112 healthy controls. 17% (19/112) of major sickle cell anaemia patients presented hearing loss from 30 dB to 65 dB versus 4% of controls. The average age of deaf patients was 26-years-old (7 years to 40-years-old). The sex-ratio was 0,73. The SC form with 47% (9/19) of deafness was the form the most frequently found followed by form SS, 37% (7/19) and form S beta+ thalassaemia 16% (3/19). The form S beta 0 thalassaemia did not record deafness patients. However the form having shown the highest rate of attack was the form S beta+ thalassaemia with 25% (3/12) followed by form SC 21% (9/43) and form SS 14% (7/51) of deafness. Deafness was generally light 73, 7% of the cases and often bilateral (52.6% of the cases). The audiometric loss affected both extremes of the hearing range, but was more significant in lower tones (58% of cases). Higher tones represented 5% of the cases. It was often sensorineural hearing loss 58% of the cases. Mixed hearing loss represented 42% of the cases.

COL1A2 gene deletion polymorphism in an Italian and an Ivorian populations.

The COL1A2 gene is one of the two genes encoding for the polypeptides of type I collagen, that represent the major constituent of skin, bone, tendons, ligaments, blood vessels, dentin, and many interstitial tissues. The COL1A2 gene deletion polymorphism has been considered as an informative anthropological marker for describing geographically distinct human populations. Aim of the present study was to investigate the genetic variability at COL1A2 locus in two populations, one belonging to Ouangolodougou (N = 133), a village placed in Northern Ivory Coast, and one belonging to Lecco (N = 70), a village placed in a Northern Italy region called Lombardy. For each sampled population no data are available in literature. We reported, for the first time, the presence of the deleted allele among Ivorians (0.06), confirming the low deletion frequency of this polymorphism found in Sub Saharan Africa by other authors. For Italians, frequency analysis of this gene polymorphism (0.28 for the deleted allele) did not show any significant level of differentiation with respect to other Italian and European populations.

[Diagnosis and therapeutic aspects of the amoebic liver abscesses in the surgery at point "G" Hospital]. / Aspects Diagnostiques et Therapeutiquesdes Abces Amibiens du Foie dans le Service de Chirurgie "A" du CHU du Point "G".

AIM: Our aim was to evaluate the diagnosis and therapeutic aspects of the amoebic liver abscesses in the surgery «A¼ department of the University hospital Point "G". PATIENTS AND METHODS: Were included in this study, patients admitted to the surgery «A¼ department for amoebic liver abscess confirmed by a positive amoebic serology and the chocolate appearance of bacteria-free pus. Bacterial liver abscesses were not included into this study. RESULTS: Over a 10-year period, 52 cases of patients diagnosed with amoebic liver abscess were collected in the department. There were 41 men and 11 women, with a sex ratio of 3.7. The mean age was 37.8 years old with extremes of 15 and 66 years. The most represented professions were farmers (36.5%) followed by salesmen (26.7%) and students (11.5%). The average outpatient visit delay time was 18.5 days with the extremes of 5 and 34 days. The most frequent clinical signs were pain in the right hypochondrium (86.5%), fever (78.8%) and hepatomegaly (61.5%). Abdominal ultrasound showed a single located abscess in 44 patients (84.6%) and these abscesses were localized in the right hepatic lobe in 34 patients(65.4%). The average volume of the abscess was 366.5 cm3 with the extremes of 36 cm3 and 1580 cm3. Amoebic serology was positive in 38 patients (80.9%). Cytobacteriological analysis of pus in 37 patients (71%) was negative. Patients underwent an ultrasound assisted needle aspiration of pus in 65.4% he. Laparotomy and a laparoscopic approach were performed in 7.7% and in 5.8%, respectively. The clinical course was uneventfulin 94.2%. The mean hospital stay duration was 16.5 days with the extremes of 4 and 29 days. No death was recorded during hospitalization. CONCLUSION: Amoebic liver abscess is an uncommon pathology in a surgical setting. Abdominal ultrasound andechography guided liver puncture allowed the diagnosis. Laparoscopic approach minimizes the burden of the laparotomy.

BUT: Le but de cette étude était d'évaluer les aspects diagnostiques et thérapeutiques des abcès amibiens du foie dans le service de chirurgie " A " du CHU du Point G. PATIENTS ET MÉTHODES: Ont été inclus dans cette étude, les patients admis dans le service de chirurgie "A" pour abcès amibien du foie sur la base de la positivité de la sérologie amibienne, de l'aspect chocolat du pus et de l'absence de bactéries dans le pus. Les abcès bactériens ont été exclus de cette étude. RÉSULTATS: En 10 ans, 52 dossiers de patients diagnostiqués pour abcès amibiens du foie ont été colligés dans le service. Il s'est agi de 41 hommes et de 11 femmes soit un sex-ratio de 3,7. L'âge moyen des patients a été de 37,8 ans avec des extrêmes de 15ans et 66 ans. Les professions les plus représentées ont été les cultivateurs (36,5%), les commerçants (26,7%) et les élèves et étudiants (11,5%).Le délai moyen de consultation a été de 18,5 jours avec des extrêmes de 5 jours et 34 jours. Les signes cliniques les plus fréquents ont été la douleur de l'hypochondre droit (86,5%), la fièvre (78,8%) et l'hépatomégalie (61,5%). L'échographie abdominale a objectivé un abcès unique dans 44 cas (84,6%) et l'abcès a été localisé dans le lobe hépatique droit dans 34 cas (65,4%). Le volume moyen de l'abcès était de 366,5cm3 avec des extrêmes de 36 cm3 et 1580cm3. La sérologie amibienne a été positive dans 80,9% (n = 38). La culture a été stérile à l'analyse cytobactériologique du pus dans 37 cas (71%). Une ponction évacuatrice écho-guidée a été réalisée dans 65,4% des cas. La procédure chirurgicale a consisté à réaliser une laparotomie dans 7,7% des cas et un abord coelioscopique dans 5,8%. Les antibiotiques utilisés ont été le métronidazole par voie intraveineuse chez tous les patients, associés à la céftriaxone dans 78,8% (n=41). L'évolution clinique a été favorable dans 94,2%. La durée moyenne d'hospitalisation a été de 16,5 jours avec des extrêmes de 4 jours et 29 jours. Aucun décès n'a été constaté pendant l'hospitalisation. CONCLUSION: L'abcès amibien du foie est une pathologie peu fréquente en milieu chirurgical. L'échographie abdominale et la ponction écho-guidée ont permis de poser le diagnostic. Le traitement par abord coelioscopique minimise les inconvénients de la laparotomie.

[Necrotizing cervico-facial cellulitis of dental origin in a developing country]. / Les cellulites cervico-faciales nécrosantes d'origine dentaire dans un pays en voie de développement.

INTRODUCTION: Necrotizing cellulitis of dental origin is a serious disease and requires prompt and effective management to avoid adverse outcomes. The purpose of this work is to describe the diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties encountered in this condition. METHODS: This was a prospective study in the thoracic surgery department of Mali Hospital from January 2011 to February 2015. We collected consecutively 19 cases of complicating cervico-facial cellulitis of dental origin. The anatomical and clinical aspects, therapeutic modalities and difficulties are described. RESULTS: Dental pain and fever were the predominant symptoms followed by cervical edema. Chest CT-scan was the basis for the diagnosis in all cases. Cervicotomy with debridement was the most performed surgical procedure. Pleural drainage was performed in 6 cases. Three patients (15.8%) died. CONCLUSION: Necrotizing cellulitis of dental origin is a serious disease with high morbidity and mortality. The key radiological examination is the thoracic CT-scan. Early medico-surgical management by emergency care, tailored antibiotic therapy, removal of necrotizing tissues and drainage of collections are required to deliver a good outcome.

[Management of goiters in the surgery «A¼ department of the Point G university hospital]. / Prise en charge des goitres en chirurgie «A¼ du CHU du Point G.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical treatment of goiter in the «A¼ surgical department of the Point G University Hospital in Bamako. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective and descriptive study in the «A¼ surgical department of the Point G University Hospital from January 2007 to August 2014. Included in the study were all the patients operated for goiter. The patients who underwent surgery for other thyroid diseases were not selected. Postoperatively patients were followed for one year. The sociodemographic, clinical, para-clinical, therapeutic aspects and the postoperative course were the study parameters. Data analysis was performed on SPSS 21. The Chi square test was used for statistical analysis. A p-value inferior to 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 378 patients' records were collected. Thyroidectomy represented 6.2% (378 cases) over 6027 operations. The mean age was 41.29 years with a standard deviation of 13.58. Extremes were 3 and 85 years. The sex ratio was 7.22 in favor of women. The frequent reason for consultation was due to antero-cervical tumor with 97.07% of cases (n = 367). We identified 118 cases (31.22%) of goiter in cooled hyperthyroidism patients, 211 cases (55.82%) of euthyroid goiter, 7 cases (1.85%) of the thyroid neoplasia and one case (0.3%) of hypothyroidism goiter. Pathological histology helped to highlight a micro-vesicular macro adenoma in 16.1% of cases (61 patients); adenocarcinoma in 0.7% of cases (3 patients) and papillary carcinoma in 1.1% of patients (4 patients). The patients classified as ASA I and ASA II represented the majority with respectively 248 cases (65.60%) and 120 cases (31.74%). The most performed surgical techniques were subtotal thyroidectomy (n=181; 49.7%), the isthmo-lobectomy (126; 33.3%), total thyroidectomy (n=11; 2.9%) and sternotomy in one case of endothoracic goiter. Intraoperative complications were marked by hemorrhage in 12.7% of cases (45 patients). The postoperative one month follow up was uneventful in 91.79% (n = 347) and transient recurrent nerve injury was found in 2% of cases (1 patient). In one year follow up the postoperative outcome was good in 94.17% (n = 356) of patients. The mean hospital stay was 4.18 days. Six deaths were recorded (1.7%). CONCLUSION: Goiter surgery is relatively common in the surgery 'A' department of the Point G University hospital. Good patient preparation and a better postoperative monitoring could help to minimize postoperative complications.

Le but de ce travail était d'évaluer la prise en charge chirurgicale des goitres dans le service de chirurgie «A¼ du CHU du Point G, à Bamako. PATIENTS ET MÉTHODE: Il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective et descriptive menée dans le service de chirurgie «A¼ du CHU du POINT G, de Janvier 2007 à Août 2014. Ont été inclus dans l'étude tous les patients reçus et opérés pour goitre. N'ont pas été retenus les patients opérés pour un kyste du tractus thyréoglosse, les abcès cervicaux, les traumatismes du cou, et les dossiers incomplets. Les patients ont été suivis pendant un an en postopératoire. Les aspects sociodémographiques, cliniques, para cliniques, thérapeutiques, ainsi que les suites opératoires ont été les paramètres d'étude. L'analyse des données a été effectuée sur le logiciel SPSS version 21. Le test statistique utilisé a été le Khi 2. Une valeur de p< 0,05 a été considérée comme statistiquement significative. RÉSULTATS: Un total de 378 dossiers de patients ont été colligés. La thyroïdectomie a représenté 6,2% (378 cas) sur 6027 interventions. L'âge moyen était de 41,99 ans avec un écart type de 13,58. Les extrêmes étaient de 3 ans et 85 ans. Le sex ratio était de 7,22 en faveur du sexe féminin. La tuméfaction antero-cervicale était le motif de consultation le plus fréquent avec 97,07% des cas (n= 367). Nous avons recensé 118 cas (31,22%) de goitre en hyperthyroïdie refroidie, 211 cas (55,82%) de goitre euthyroïdien, 7 cas (1,85%) de néoplasie de la thyroïde, un cas (0,3%) d'hypothyroïdie. L'histologie a permis de mettre en évidence un adénome micro-macro vésiculaire dans 16,1% des cas (61 patients); un adénocarcinome dans 0,7% des cas (3 patients); un carcinome papillaire dans 1,1% des cas (4 patients). Les patients de classe ASA I et ASA II étaient majoritaires avec respectivement (248 cas; 65,60%, et 120 cas; 31,74%). Les techniques chirurgicales les plus réalisées étaient la thyroïdectomie subtotale (181; 49,7%), l'isthmo-lobectomie (126; 33,3%), une thyroïdectomie totale (11; 2,9%); une sternotomie dans un cas de goitre endothoracique. Une hémorragie était notée dans 12,7% des cas (45 patients) en peropératoire. Les suites opératoires à un mois étaient simples dans 91,79% (n=347) et une lésion transitoire du nerf récurrent dans 2% des cas (1 patient). Les suites opératoires à un an étaient simples chez 94,17% (n=356) des patients. La durée moyenne d'hospitalisation était de 4,18 jours. Six décès ont été enregistrés (1,7%). CONCLUSION: La chirurgie des goitres est relativement fréquente dans le service de chirurgie «A¼ du CHU du POINT G. Une bonne préparation et une meilleure surveillance post opératoire pourraient aider à minimiser les complications post opératoires.

[Mediastinitis complicating cervical cellulite: 8 cases observed in the ear, nose and throat department of the Gabriel Toure university hospital, Bamako (Mali)]. / Mediastinite compliquant une cellulite cervicale : a propos de 8 cas observes dans le service orl du chu Gabriel Toure de Bamako (Mali).

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work was to analyze the diagnostic circumstances and the therapeutic management of mediastinal disease of a cervical origin. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a longitudinal prospective and retrospective descriptive study in the ENT department of the Gabriel Touré Hospital in Bamako, involving the records of patients treated for mediastinitis complicating cervical cellulite from January 2011 to April 2014. RESULTS: Eight patients met our inclusion criteria. The median age was 29 years, the standard deviation was 10.23 years with extremes of 25 and 57 years. All were initially admitted for dental reasons. The median time to consultation was 13 days with extremes of 10 days and 1 month. Six patients had non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs before entry into the service. Cervical and thoracic CT scan was used to guide diagnosis in all cases. Seven patients underwent mediastinal drainage through cervicotomy, 3 patients underwent percutaneous pleural drainage under ultrasound guidance. We had two deaths. CONCLUSION: Mediastinitis in cervical cellulitis is a serious infectious disease where the mortality rate remains high. Mediastinal drainage was performed by cervical route. Prevention is based on the awareness and the importance of dental hygiene and getting proper and early treatment for dental cavities.

OBJECTIF: L'objectif de ce travail était d'analyser les circonstances de diagnostic et la prise en charge thérapeutique des affections médiastinales à point de départ cervical. PATIENTS ET MÉTHODES: Nous avons mené une étude descriptive longitudinale pro et rétrospective dans le service d'ORL du CHU Gabriel Touré de Bamako et qui a concerné les dossiers des patients traités pour médiastinite compliquant une cellulite cervico-faciale de janvier 2011 à Avril 2014. RÉSULTATS: Huit patients ont répondu à nos critères d'inclusion. L'âge médian était de 29 ans, l'écart type était de 10,23 ans avec des extrêmes de 25 et 57 ans. La porte d'entrée a été dentaire dans tous les cas. Le délai médian de consultation était de 13 jours avec des extrêmes de 10 et 1 mois. Six patients avaient eu des antiinflammatoires non stéroïdiens avant leur admission dans le service. Le scanner a permis d'orienter diagnostic, en montrant des signes en faveur de médiastinite, dans tous les cas. Sept patients ont bénéficié d'un drainage du médiastin par voie de cervicotomie, 3 patients ont bénéficié d'un drainage pleural percutané sous guidage échographique. Nous avons eu deux décès. CONCLUSION: La médiastinite au cours de la cellulite cervicale représente une pathologie infectieuse grave avec une mortalité qui reste élevée. Le drainage médiastinal a été effectué par voie cervicale. La prévention repose sur la sensibilisation de la population et sur l'importance de l'hygiène dentaire et la prise en charge correcte et précoce des caries dentaires.

[Heller myotomy by transthoracic procedure, a single center experience in Mali with 21 cases]. / Myotomie de heller par voie transthoracique : une experience monocentrique au mali de 21 cas.

AIMS: To evaluate the midterm results of myotomy for achalasia by thoracotomy procedure with the introduction of anti-reflux system by diaphragmatic flap. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a prospective study involved 21 patients (14 women and 7 men) operated for idiopathic megaesophagus during a period of 3 years. All the patients were operated by thoracotomy procedure. An anti-reflux system was performed using a diaphragmatic flap over the entire length of the myotomy. RESULTS: The mean age was 32 years (range 16 and 68 years). After the surgery we have seen a complete disappearance of dysphagia in 21 patients (100 %) (p <0.001) and a significant weight regain. Short term outcomes were marked by the occurrence of clinical gastroesophageal reflux disease in 1 patient (4.76%) who has received the anti-reflux system (p> 0.05). CONCLUSION: Oeso-cardio-myotomy of Heller by transthoracic procedure associated with the establishment of an anti reflux system by diaphragmatic flap has goods results.

BUT: Evaluer les résultats à mi-parcours de l'œsocardiomyotomie de Heller par voie transthoracique avec la mise en place du système anti-reflux par un lambeau diaphragmatique pour le mégaoesophage idiopathique. PATIENTS ET MÉTHODES: Il s'agissait d'une étude prospective ayant concerné 21 patients (14 femmes et 7 hommes) opérés pour un mégaoesophage idiopathique durant une période de 3 ans. La voie d'abord a été la voie transthoracique gauche pour tous nos patients. Un système anti-reflux avait été réalisé en utilisant un lambeau diaphragmatique sur toute la longueur de la myotomie de l'œsophage thoracique. RÉSULTATS: L'âge moyen était de 32 ans (extrêmes : 16 et 68 ans). Les suites immédiates étaient simples. Après l'intervention nous avons assisté à une disparition complète de la dysphagie chez 21 patients (100 %) (p < 0,001) et une reprise pondérale conséquente. Les suites à court terme étaient marquées par la survenue d'un reflux gastro-œsophagien clinique chez 1 patient (4.76 %) qui avait bénéficié d'un système anti-reflux (p > 0,05). CONCLUSION: L'œsocardiomyotomie de Heller par voie transthoracique associée à la mise en place systématique d'un système anti-reflux par lambeau diaphragmatique donne de bons résultats.

[Epidemiologic study of bluetongue in sheep, cattle and different species of wild animals in the Ivory Coast]. / Etude épidémiologique sur la fièvre catarrhale du mouton chez les ovins, les bovins et différentes espèces d'animaux sauvages en Cóte d'Ivoire.

Between 1992 and 1993, a serological survey was conducted in Côte d'Ivoire on 623 sera from sheep, 215 sera from cattle and 211 sera from wild herbivores. These sera were tested for bluetongue virus (BTV) antibodies using an agar gel immunodiffusion test. The purpose of this survey was twofold: to establish the incidence of bluetongue in the country, and to analyse the putative role of BTV in the reproductive pathology of sheep. Seroprevalence was 52 +/- 4% in sheep, 95 +/- 3% in cattle, and 56 +/- 7% in wild herbivores. The authors found antibodies against BTV in kob (Kobus kob Erxleben, 1777), common waterbuck (Kobus ellipsiprymnus Ogilby, 1833), roan antelope (Hippotragus equinus Desmarest, 1804), buffalo (Syncerus caffer Sparrman, 1779), hartebeest (Alcelaphus buselaphus Pallas, 1766) and elephant (Loxodonta africana Blumenbach, 1797). A significant difference was found in seroprevalence in sheep between the three areas covered by the survey. Antibody prevalence increased significantly with age in sheep and wild herbivores, and seroprevalence was higher in dams with a history of abortion. It can therefore be concluded that bluetongue is enzootic in Côte d'Ivoire.

Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects and Therapy of Chronic Otitis Media in the "ENT" and Cervicofacial Surgery Ward in the University Hospital of Ouagadougou.

Objectives. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological and clinical aspects of chronic otitis media and its therapeutic processes in our context. Patients and Methods. In a prospective study over a period of 1 year (March 2009-February 2010), 79 patients with chronic otitis media have been cared for in the otolaryngology ward of the University Hospital of Ouagadougou. Results. Chronic otitis media (COM) commonly occurs in the age group from 0 to 15 years (40.50%). Otorrhea was the main reason for consultation in 53 cases (67.10%); the most frequently encountered clinicopathological forms were simple COM (71%) followed by otitis media with effusion (24.30%). Intra-auricular instillations of traditional products (46.09%) were the dominant favoring factor. Treatment was essentially through medication in 59 cases with a stabilization of lesions. Endotemporal complications were noticed in 6 cases. Conclusion. The fight against chronic otitis media is carried out through preventive measures of education the of people.

[Rhinoscleroma: two cases in Bobo-Dioulasso in Burkina Faso]. / Le rhinosclérome: deux observations à Bobo-Dioulasso au Burkina Faso.

INTRODUCTION: Rhinoscleroma is a chronic granulomatous infection of the respiratory tract due to Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis (K. rhinoscleromatis). PATIENTS AND METHOD: We observed two cases of rhinoscleroma in the Souro-Sanou university hospital of Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso, over a 9-year period (2009 to 2010). RESULTS: A 19-year-old man and a 38-year-old woman both consulted with obstructive granuloma of the nasal fossae; one also had a velar localization. The treatment consisted of surgical debridement and antibiotic therapy (ciprofloxacin). Good results followed the surgery. On follow-up after two and one and a half years, we observed no relapse. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of rhinoscleroma should be considered for any obstructive tumor of the nasal fossae. Histopathological examination contributes to the diagnosis.

Experience with head and neck missile injuries at the yalgado university teaching hospital, ouagadougou, burkina faso.

BACKGROUND: To report the diagnostic and therapeutic options of missile head and neck injuries. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: To present our experience in the management of head and neck missile injuries as seen in our centre. METHODOLOGY: All the patients with head and neck missile injuries who were managed in the ENT and Dental services of Yalgado University Teaching Hospital, in Ouagadougou, the capital of Burkina Faso between January 2003 and December 2012 were reviewed. The data obtained from medical records included demographic data, history, physical findings, and site of injury, diagnosis, type of treatment/surgery, complications and outcome. RESULTS: Out of a total of 32 patients in this study, there were 26 males and 6 females with a sex ratio of 4.3:1. Their ages ranged from 18 to 63 years with a mean of 32 years ± 5.2. The age range of 20-40 accounted for 68.7% of the patients. The injury was accidental in 37.5%, assault in 56.3 and self inflicted/suicide in 6.3%. Most (59.4%) of the patients had multiple injuries while in 50 % of the cases, the injuries affected the face. Surgical intervention was done in 59.4% of the patients and conservative treatment in 40.6 % of the patients. Complications were noted in 52% of the patients. Seven patients died given a mortality rate of 21.9%. CONCLUSION: The head and neck missile injuries are not uncommon in our environment with a high mortality and morbidity rates.

[Early results of pleural decortication for empyema: an African series of 51 cases]. / Résultats à court terme de la décortication pulmonaire pour pyothorax.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the short term outcome of patients who underwent pleuro-pulmonary decortication. METHOD: This is a retrospective study of 174 patients treated for thoracic empyema in Point G Hospital, Bamako/Mali, between 2004 and 2007. Perioperative data of 51 patients who underwent pleuro-pulmonary decortication had been recorded. RESULTS: Of the 174 patients treated, 51 (29.3%) underwent pleuro-pulmonary decortication. 84.5% were male and 70.6% were less than 45 years old. A recent history of tuberculosis was found in 59%. Among the four patients selected for a thoracoscopic procedure, only two were treated successfully. A conventional postero-lateral thoracotomy was used in the remaining 49 patients. The lung expansion, estimated intraoperatively, was complete in 43 cases and incomplete in eight cases. Among these eight patients with incomplete lung expansion, four developed a secondary empyema and required a thoracoplasty. The postoperative mortality was 6% (three patients). CONCLUSION: In our hospital, one third of patients with thoracic empyema required a pleuro-pulmonary decortication. Incomplete lung expansion is a potential risk factor of postoperative infection necessitating re-operation or more extensive surgical procedures.

Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction in patients older than 70 years: results of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy followed by transthoracic esophagectomy.

AIM: The standard treatment of locally-advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma consists of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy followed by surgical resection. Very little data are available concerning the feasibility of this strategy in patients older than 70 years of age. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1996 and 2008, 118 patients underwent transthoracic esophagectomy with lymphadenectomy for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and gastric cardia (Siewert I and II). These were divided into three groups for comparison: Group I (age less than 70 years, neoadjuvant treatment followed by surgery; n=66); Group II (age greater or equal to 70 years, surgery alone; n=32); Group III (age greater or equal to 70 years, neoadjuvant treatment followed by surgery; n=20). Data concerning comorbidities, type of intervention, morbidity, mortality, survival and quality of life were analyzed. RESULTS: There was no difference among the three groups with regard to comorbidity and preoperative evaluation. The patients in Groups I and III had more locally-advanced tumors (P<0.001). There was some disparity between the types of surgery proposed. The Lewis-Santy esophagectomy was most commonly used (90%, 50%, and 65% respectively). The 90-day mortality was 8%, 15%, and 15% respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of postoperative pulmonary, cardiac, or digestive complications among the three groups. No difference was found in 5-year survival and quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy for elderly patients (age above 70 years) with esophageal adenocarcinoma did not seem to increase postoperative morbidity or mortality, nor was there any difference in quality of life, nor any effect on survival, no matter what the age of the patient.