Radiotherapy and concomitant chemoradiotherapy in the NB rat prostate adenocarcinoma model.

The NB Rat Prostate Adenocarcinoma Model has been utilized to evaluate the effect of radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and the combination of these two modalities on growth of the androgen insensitive Nb AI-3 prostate tumor. These studies have demonstrated tumor regression in animals treated with Cyclophosphamide in combination with Cisplatin (p less than 0.05). Tumor regression was also seen in the groups treated with radiation therapy at doses of 600 cGy, twice weekly, for three weeks (p less than 0.05), 500 cGy, three times weekly, for three weeks (p less than 0.05), and 300 cGy, three times weekly, for three weeks (p less than 0.05). Complete tumor regression was seen in groups receiving 500 cGy, three times per week, for three weeks, concomitantly with fractional dose Cyclophosphamide and Cisplatin (p less than 0.001). Complete tumor regression was also seen in rats treated with radiation therapy at a dose of 300 cGy three times per week for three weeks concomitantly with fractional dose Cyclophosphamide and Cisplatin (p less than 0.001). Another group treated with radiation therapy alone at a dose of 750 cGy, one time weekly, for four weeks, demonstrated progression of tumor growth. All control and treatment groups demonstrated metastatic lesions with the exception of the group receiving 600 cGy twice weekly.

Successful treatment of disseminated central nervous system malignant rhabdoid tumor.

PURPOSE: Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) of the central nervous system (CNS) is pathologically identical to MRT of the kidney. CNS MRTs have the clinicopathological behavior of a high-grade intracranial sarcoma, and the children have a very poor prognosis. We report on three cases of primary CNS MRT with a review and summary of the pediatric literature with respect to demographic features and multidisciplinary management. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The 18 cases reviewed had a male to female ratio of 1.0 and an extremely young median age of 32 months. Our three cases of CNS MRT were treated with surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and triple intrathecal (TIT) chemotherapy similar to the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study III guidelines for parameningeal primary tumors with intracranial extension. RESULTS: The three patients described in this report are surviving with no evidence of disease at 5 years, 2 years, and 9 months from diagnosis. Before these three cases, only four of 16 reported patients were known to have survived. One unique case in our report involved disease in the cerebral cortex, sinuses, and orbit with metastases to the subarachnoid space. This metastatic MRT responded to treatment with TIT, multiagent chemotherapy and cranial-spinal radiation after partial resection of only the cortical portion of the MRT. CONCLUSIONS: Disseminated CNS MRTs can be treated using multidisciplinary management with an approach similar to that used to treat rhabdomyosarcoma.