RESUMO
The aim of this work was to study the dependence of the optical, structural and morphological properties of CuIn0.7Ga0.3(Se(1-x)Te(x))2 (briefly CIGSeTe) thin films for two different stoichiometries (for x = 0.2 and 0.8). The films have been deposited onto soda lime glass (SLG) substrates by the e-beam evaporation technique. The films showed high absorption and revealed optical band gaps ranging from 1.17 eV to 1.06 eV for x = 0 with highest annealing temperatute at 525 degrees C and 1.12 eV to 1.02 eV for x = 0.8 and with highest annealed temperature at 600 degrees C. These results were correlated with the microstructural analysis by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The linear dependence of the lattice parameters as a function of Se and Te contents was examined. X-ray diffraction analyses showed that the films had the single phase chalcopyrite structure. The lattice parameters (a and c) varied linearly with the increase in Te content x from x = 0.2 to x = 0.8. The peak correspondng to the (1 1 2) plane orientation of the films increased with annealing process. Also, SEM images showed that both the grains size and the RMS (root mean square) values increased with annealing and higher Te amount that caused grains aggregation. The relative 600 degrees C elemental composition present in the deposited CIGS films have been measured by using energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX).
RESUMO
ZnWO4MnPc was synthesized via a hydrothermal autoclave method with 1 wt.% manganese (iii) phthalocyanine content. The material was characterized for its structural and morphological features via X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, transmission emission microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), N2 adsorption-desorption at 77K, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and UV-visible/diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV-vis/DRS). ZnWO4MnPc photocatalytic performance was tested on the degradation of bisphenol A (BPA). The ZnWO4MnPc material removed 60% of BPA after 4 h of 365 nm UV irradiation. Degradation process improved significantly to about 80% removal in the presence of added 5 mM H2O2 after 4 h irradiation. Almost 100% removal was achieved after 30 min under 450 nm visible light irradiation in the presence of same concentration of H2O2. The effect of ions and humic acid (HA) towards BPA removal was also investigated.
RESUMO
AIM: Several studies have investigated leptin and neuropeptide Y (NPY) levels in children, but the information for newborns in the literature is limited. The purpose of this study was to determine leptin and NPY levels in 14- to 28-day-old newborns. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study was performed in Atatürk University Medical Faculty Research Hospital Neonatal Clinic, Erzurum, Turkey between July and December, 2014. Sixty-two 14- to 28-day-old neonates, 26 female and 36 male, were included. Age, height, and body weight of the patients were recorded. Feeding status was also recorded. The newborns were divided into two groups--those receiving breastfeeding only and those receiving breastfeeding and formula. Plasma leptin levels were measured using enzyme amplified sensitivity immunoassay (EASIA). RESULTS: The mean leptin level in 14- to 28-day-old female neonates was 4.25 ± 3.08 ng/mL, and the mean NPY level was 24.79 ± 9.87 ng/mL. The mean leptin level in 14- to 28-day male neonates was 3.49 ± 2.52 ng/mL, and the mean NPY level was 25.80 ± 9.58 ng/mL. No significant difference was determined between leptin (p=0.228) or NPY (p=0.144) in terms of feeding status. No significant difference was also observed between the sex in terms of leptin or NPY levels (leptin p=0.775 and NPY p=0.687). CONCLUSION: There were no differences in terms of feeding status and sex in leptin and NPY levels in the neonatal period.