Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 2 de 2
Filtrar
Mais filtros

Base de dados
Ano de publicação
Tipo de documento
País de afiliação
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
BMC Med Res Methodol ; 14: 48, 2014 Apr 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24713131

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Many investigators are interested in recruiting veterans from recent conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and/or Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Researchers pursuing such studies may experience problems in recruiting sufficient numbers unless effective strategies are used. Currently, there is very little information on recruitment strategies for individuals with TBI and/or PTSD. It is known that groups of patients with medical conditions may be less likely to volunteer for clinical research. This study investigated the feasibility of recruiting veterans returning from recent military conflicts--Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF)--using a population-based sampling method. METHODS: Individuals were sampled from a previous epidemiological study. Three study sites focused on recruiting survey respondents (n = 445) who lived within a 60 mile radius of one of the sites. RESULTS: Overall, the successful recruitment of veterans using a population-based sampling method was dependent on the ability to contact potential participants following mass mailing. Study enrollment of participants with probable TBI and/or PTSD had a recruitment yield (enrolled/total identified) of 5.4%. We were able to contact 146 individuals, representing a contact rate of 33%. Sixty-six of the individuals contacted were screened. The major reasons for not screening included a stated lack of interest in the study (n = 37), a failure to answer screening calls after initial contact (n = 30), and an unwillingness or inability to travel to a study site (n = 10). Based on the phone screening, 36 veterans were eligible for the study. Twenty-four veterans were enrolled, (recruitment yield = 5.4%) and twelve were not enrolled for a variety of reasons. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience with a population-based sampling method for recruitment of recent combat veterans illustrates the challenges encountered, particularly contacting and screening potential participants. The screening and enrollment data will help guide recruitment for future studies using population-based methods.


Assuntos
Lesões Encefálicas/epidemiologia , Seleção de Pacientes , Transtornos de Estresse Pós-Traumáticos/epidemiologia , Adulto , Campanha Afegã de 2001- , Lesões Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Guerra do Iraque 2003-2011 , Masculino , Programas de Rastreamento , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Militares , População , Serviços Postais , Estudos de Amostragem , Transtornos de Estresse Pós-Traumáticos/diagnóstico , Veteranos
2.
Schizophr Res ; 148(1-3): 138-44, 2013 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23768813

RESUMO

Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) agonists may be valuable treatments for negative symptoms and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Unfortunately, chronic exposure to an agonist may reduce the receptor's sensitivity. Therefore, we combined CDP-choline, a dietary source of the direct agonist choline, with galantamine, a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, to improve the efficiency of transducing the choline signal and, possibly, preserve the receptor in a sensitive state. We conducted a single-site, double-blind randomized clinical trial comparing galantamine/CDP-choline to placebos in schizophrenia patients with negative symptoms who were receiving second generation antipsychotics. Forty-three subjects received galantamine and CDP-choline or matching placebos for 16weeks. The primary outcome measure was the 5-item Marder negative-symptoms factor of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Cognition and functioning were also assessed. Trial completion was high; 79%. There was no significant treatment effect on negative symptoms, other PANSS symptom factors, or the MATRICS Cognitive Consensus Battery. There were significant treatment effects in overall functioning and a test of free verbal recall. Three subjects discontinued treatment in the active treatment group for gastro-intestinal adverse events (AE). The most common AE for galantamine/CDP-choline was abdominal pain; for placebo it was headache and sweating. Although there was no significant treatment effect on negative symptoms, the direction of effect mirrored the effects on a cognitive measure and overall functioning. Further study of α7 nAChR agonist/PAMs is warranted in larger studies that will have greater power.


Assuntos
Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Receptor Nicotínico de Acetilcolina alfa7/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto , Idoso , Transtornos Cognitivos/tratamento farmacológico , Transtornos Cognitivos/etiologia , Citidina Difosfato Colina/uso terapêutico , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Galantamina/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Nootrópicos/uso terapêutico , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Transtornos Psicóticos/complicações , Transtornos Psicóticos/tratamento farmacológico , Esquizofrenia/complicações , Transmissão Sináptica/efeitos dos fármacos , Resultado do Tratamento , Receptor Nicotínico de Acetilcolina alfa7/metabolismo
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA