RESUMO
The methods of industrial strains selection on the basis of some regulatory mechanisms are presented. The selection of the producing S. erythreus mutants exhibiting higher activity for transformation of erythromycin C to erythromycin A is one of the examples for the practical use of the presented method. Some new techniques including isotopic methods are presented.
Assuntos
Eritromicina/biossíntese , Lincomicina/biossíntese , Mutação , Streptomyces/genética , Técnicas Bacteriológicas , Meios de Cultura , Propionatos/farmacologia , Streptomyces/metabolismoAssuntos
Muramidase/farmacologia , Streptomyces/enzimologia , Bacillus subtilis/enzimologia , Bacitracina , DNA/metabolismo , Ácido Edético , Eritromicina/biossíntese , Escherichia coli/enzimologia , Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Isocitrato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Microscopia Eletrônica , Nistatina/biossíntese , Monoéster Fosfórico Hidrolases/metabolismo , Protoplastos , Especificidade da Espécie , Streptomyces/efeitos dos fármacos , Estreptomicina/biossíntese , Viomicina/biossínteseAssuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Eritromicina/farmacologia , Penicilina G/farmacologia , Resistência às Penicilinas , Penicillium/efeitos dos fármacos , Streptomyces/efeitos dos fármacos , Estreptomicina/farmacologia , Viomicina/farmacologia , Glucose/metabolismo , Manometria , Métodos , Penicillium/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Penicillium/metabolismo , Esporos/efeitos dos fármacos , Esporos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Streptomyces/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Streptomyces/metabolismoAssuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Bactérias/enzimologia , Parede Celular/metabolismo , Arthrobacter/metabolismo , Parede Celular/enzimologia , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Isomerases/antagonistas & inibidores , Ligases/antagonistas & inibidores , Micrococcus/metabolismo , Penicilinas/farmacologia , Fosfolipídeos/metabolismo , Staphylococcus/metabolismo , Streptomyces/metabolismoRESUMO
Formation of propionyl phosphate in Streptomyces erythreus synthesizing a polypropionate erythronolide ring of erythromycin was found to be catalyzed by a specific propionate kinase. The isolated and 100-fold purified kinase was devoid of activity towards acetate and other monocarboxylic acids. The selection for higher antibiotic-synthesizing ability was associated with higher kinase activity and lower K(m) values towards propionate. This relation did not apply to the mutants of S. noursei var. polifungini producing polyene tetraene antibiotics of the nystatin type, composed of acetate and propionate units. Instead, the antibiotic-synthesizing ability was correlated with the activity of acetyl- and propionyl-coenzyme A carboxylase, responsible for the formation of malonyl- and methyl-malonyl-coenzyme A intermediates in the polymerization process.