RESUMO
The incidence of leptospirosis in West Africa is still almost unknown. Doubtful or positive serological tests were found in approx. 35% of the patients admitted to the hospital, among which leptospirosis could clinically or biologically be suspected. This rather high proportion reflects the frequency of recent or past contacts with leptospira antigen. It is in agreement with the high infestation prevalence observed among several domestic or wild animals, besides small rodents. On the countrary, it should be noted that the leptospirosis-illness, at least in its pure form, with its characteristic hepatic, renal and neurological signs, is seldom seen. Seven typical cases only (among which five at the hosptical Le Dantec) have been diagnosed in Dakar during these last 6 years. Even taking into account that the proportion of atypical, fruste or undiagnosed forms is not negligible, leptospirosis does not appear to be a major medical problem in Senegal.
Assuntos
Leptospirose/epidemiologia , Adulto , Animais , Antígenos de Bactérias/análise , Feminino , Humanos , Leptospirose/diagnóstico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Roedores , Senegal , Testes SorológicosAssuntos
Neoplasias Cutâneas/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Carcinoma/epidemiologia , Carcinoma Basocelular/epidemiologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Exposição Ambiental , Feminino , Fibrossarcoma/epidemiologia , Dermatoses do Pé/epidemiologia , Humanos , Dermatoses da Perna/epidemiologia , Masculino , Melanoma/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pigmentação , Sarcoma de Kaposi/epidemiologia , Senegal , Luz Solar , UgandaRESUMO
Conjunctival and tonsillar sites for malakoplakia have never been previously described. The diagnosis in these presented cases has only been arrived at after elimination of mycosis and parasitic disease. The aetiology remains unknown and the pathophysiology is discussed.
Assuntos
Túnica Conjuntiva , Malacoplasia/diagnóstico , Tonsila Palatina , Adulto , Túnica Conjuntiva/patologia , Humanos , Malacoplasia/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tonsila Palatina/patologiaRESUMO
In mass vaccination programmes, the jet-injection of vaccine may have considerable operational advantages over the classical techniques. The technical performance of two models of jet-injector, the Dermo-Jet and the Ped-O-Jet, in BCG vaccination was assessed in a number of studies which are reviewed by the authors. It is shown that the jet-injectors do not administer the full dose for which they are calibrated and that the size of the vaccination lesion varies more than after vaccination by syringe.By increasing the dosage considerably, the results of vaccination by jet-injection may be improved to a certain extent but the risk of unpleasant reactions is also increased.