A novel slag composite for the adsorption of heavy metals: Preparation, characterization and mechanisms.

The utilization of solid waste for resource recovery and production of value-added products is the theme of green chemistry. Currently, how to using solid wastes to prepare environmentally-functional materials with high performance and strength is one of the hot topics. In this research, electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) was thermally activated with calcite to prepare a silicon-based functionalized adsorbent (C-EMR) for the removal of cadmium (Cd2+, 467.14 mg/g) and lead (Pb2+, 972 mg/g). The thermodynamic results indicated that the removal process of Cd2+ and Pb2+ by C-EMR were endothermic and spontaneous. HNO3 can effectively strip the two adsorbed metals from C-EMR with the stripping efficiency of nearly 80% for Cd2+ and 99.92% for Pb2+, indicating that adsorption and ion exchange may be the main reason for the removal of the metals on C-EMR. Besides, surface precipitation was also responsible for removing some Pb2+ from the aquatic environment according to the X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) analysis. Results indicate that -SiO3- has stronger affinity with Pb2+ and Cd2+ than other groups ((-MnO2), -OH) by theoretical calculation (VASP, GGA-PBE). This study shows that this novel adsorbent (C-EMR) can be adopted as an environmentally-friendly, inexpensive and efficient adsorbent for removal of Cd2+ and Pb2+ from aquatic solution. This technique not only provides potential adsorbent for the elimination of heavy metals but also proposes an alternative route for the treatment and utilization of waste solid.

Advances in free-radical alkylation and arylation with organoboronic acids.

Organoboronic acids act as carbon-centered radical precursors that are widely utilized to construct diverse C-C bonds. This review summarizes the advances in this field. The content is divided into four parts according to the different categories of coupling partners with organoboronic acids. The reaction conditions as well as the mechanisms are demonstrated in each part.

Recent developments in free-radical-promoted C-Si formation via selective C-H/Si-H functionalization.

As important and valuable alternatives to transition-metal-catalysis, free-radical strategies for C-Si bond construction via selective C-H/Si-H functionalization have been developed recently. These new reactions along with their suggested mechanisms are summarized and discussed here.

Transition metal-catalyzed C(vinyl)-C(vinyl) bond formation via double C(vinyl)-H bond activation.

Transition metal-catalyzed oxidative dehydrogenative coupling reactions of Caryl-H bonds with Cvinyl-H bonds to generate a Caryl-Cvinyl bonds have been well developed in recent decades. However, only a few studies have focused on the direct Cvinyl-Cvinyl bond formation via double Cvinyl-H bond activation. Recent developments in this active area have been highlighted in this tutorial review.

Fibrolipomatous Hamartoma of the Median Nerve: A Clinical Report of One Case and Review of the Literature.

BACKGROUND: The ultrasound imaging findings and clinical treatment procedure of a case of fibrolipomatous hamartoma of the median nerve are reported in this paper. The disease diagnosis was mainly dependent on magnetic resonance, and rarely described by ultrasound. This paper introduces the imaging manifestations of median neurofibromatoid hamartoma under ultrasound. CASE PRESENTATION: This case is a middle-aged female with pituitary adenoma. Fibrolipomatous hamartoma, as a rare benign fibrofatty tumor, is characterized by the slow proliferation of mature adipocytes and fibrous tissue around and inside the peripheral nerves, eventually leading to the fusiform enlargement of nerve fiber bundles. DISSCUSSION: This paper discusses the value and application of color doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of FLH to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease in the future and reviews the literature on this disease. CONCLUSION: Because fibrolipomatous hamartoma is very rare, it is very important to improve the understanding and diagnosis of this disease.

Diagnostic Value and Application of Prenatal MRI and Ultrasound in Fetal Cleft Lip and Palate.

Objective: The purpose was to explore the diagnostic value and application of prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound (US) in fetal cleft lip and palate. Methods: From January 2018 to December 2019, 39 pregnant women without normal fetal maxillofacial structure or with fetal maxillofacial deformity under US examination in our hospital were selected as the study subjects. Not knowing the clinical data of the pregnant women, MRI and US physicians performed diagnostic analysis on the MRI or US images of all the study subjects and analyzed the results of prenatal MRI and US diagnosis and postpartum follow-up to compare the diagnostic efficacy and confidence of MRI and US. Results: The follow-up found that there were 20 cases of cleft lip, 15 cases of cheilopalatognathus, 3 cases of cleft palate, and 1 case of unilateral cleft lip with alveolar cleft, with a total of 39 cases having cleft lip and palate deformity. MRI and US had the same efficacy in the diagnosis of cleft lip. As for cleft palates, the diagnostic accuracy of MRI (94.87%) was significantly better than that of US (48.72%, P < 0.001). The diagnostic confidence of fetal cleft lip and palate by MRI (89.73%) was significantly better than that of US (43.59%, P < 0.001). The AUC of US (0.597) was significantly less than that of MRI (0.940), indicating that the diagnostic accuracy of US was not as good as that of MRI (P < 0.05). The sensitivity and 1 - specificity of MRI were significantly higher than those of US. Conclusion: MRI is more accurate than US in the diagnosis of fetal cleft lip and palate, and MRI can be the preferred method for prenatal detection of cleft lip and palate, thus providing more accurate opinions and information for perinatal pregnant women.

Unexpected copper-catalyzed aerobic oxidative cleavage of C(sp3)-C(sp3) bond of glycol ethers.

An unexpected Cu-catalyzed oxidative cleavage of the C(sp(3))-C(sp(3)) bond in glycol ethers by using air or molecular oxygen as the terminal stoichiometric oxidant is demonstrated. As a result, the corresponding α-acyloxy ethers and formates of 1,2-ethanediol are formed by direct coupling of carboxylic acids and aldehydes with glycol ethers under the reaction conditions. This method represents the first example of Cu-catalyzed aerobic cleavage of saturated C-C bond in ethers.